广东惠州市高二英语《Unit 4 Making the news Grammar》学案

1、广东惠州市惠阳一中实验学校高二英语Unit 4 Making the news：Grammar学案【学习目标】了解并掌握过去分词做状语，在练习中复习区分其做定语，表语，补语及状语的不同情况。预习案Previewing Case知识要点：1、倒装句（Inversion）英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。倒装的类型类型例 句说 明完全倒装Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends.学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。整个谓语移至主语之前。部分倒装Seldom does he go to

2、 school late.他上学很少迟到。只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。探究案Exploring Case探究点一：倒装句之全部倒装 1. 在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”，“发生”，“出现”，“坐落”等意义的不及物动词作谓语。如：live（有，生活着）, stand（有）, come（显出）, lie(有), flow(映照), enter（进来）, happen（发生）, rise（出现） 和appear等。山顶上耸立着一座古塔。There stands an ancient tower on the top of the

3、mountain.远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.2.表示地点的介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首时，全部倒装。一只小狗坐在房间外。Outside the room sits a little dog. 一座碉楼座落在山顶上。On top of the hill stands a watchtower.2) 以here, there, now, then等副词或 out, in, up, down, a

4、way等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等铃响了。There goes the bell. 那个男孩走开了。Away went the boy. 小孩子冲了出来。Out rushed the children.这是你的信。Here is your letter.【疑难】他走开了。Away he went.她来了。There she comes. Here it is. 【疑难剖析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。3.表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：表语连系动词主语

5、【注意】此时，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主系动词表语。出席晚会的有黄先生，张小姐和其他的宾客。Mr.H, Miss Zh and other guests are present at the party. Present at the party are Mr.H, Miss H and other guests.坐在地上的是一群年轻人。A group of young men seated on the ground。Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 5.such, the following等放句首时， 句子要完全倒装。生活

6、就是这样。 Such is life. 这个问题的答案如下。 The following is the answer to the question. 探究点一：倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。 1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner

7、（立即）, not only, in no way（决不）, at no time, few, not, no，by no means, Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner tha等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。如:他很少出去吃饭。He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 她几乎没时间听音乐。She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen

8、to music. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人

9、。注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music。3.only在句首倒装的情况。例如： Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒

10、装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。4. as, though 引导的倒装句 。 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意： 1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如： Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily

11、. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。 5. 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： 我要是你的话，就再试一次。Were I you, I would try it again.如果我那时听了课的话 (attend the lecture)，现在就能做出这道题了。Had I attended the lecture then, I could work out the problem now.练习一:1.Not until she had supper，did her mo

12、ther come back （她妈妈才回家）。（come）2. Tired as she was（尽管她累了），she helped her mother to do the homework.(as)3.Should you be fired（你被开除）,your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（fire）.4.Never in my wildest dreams could I imagine (我能想像)these people are living in such poor co

13、nditions.（imagine）5.Only with the help of the local guide were the mountain climbers rescued（那些登山者获救了）（rescue）6.Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets（是英国浪漫诗人）（poet）7.So difficult did I find it（我觉得难）to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. （find）8. teacher as he w

14、as（尽管他是个教师），he wasnt able to educate his own child well.（as）9.Ive tried very hard to improve my English, but by no means  is the teacher satisfied with my progress（老师对我的进步满意）。（satisfy）10.No sooner had the bell rung（铃声一响）than the teacher came in.（sooner）练习二:An athlete who competed in Beijing Oly

15、mpics talked about his experience in Beijing:Before I went to China, 对北京我几乎一无所知. I felt nothing about it. After I arrived, most of my time was spent on training and competing.我从未学过中文. As a result,I did not go out. 我也不敢跟北京人说话. My roommate said Sanlitun was great so the day before leaving, I went ther

16、e. What a shock! 我很少见到这么多的人.What was more shocking, the salesgirls could speak so good English and the goods were so cheap. 我决不会浪费这次机会. In a few minutes, my wallet was empty but my hands were full. 只有到那个时候我才喜欢上了北京.答案： Little do I know about Beijing. Hardly do I know about Beijing. 2. Never had I studied Chinese. 3