高三阅读课Inference Question学案

1、Inference Questioninfer from the main idea and the authors attitudeI. Warm-upWhat is reading?Reader II. Experience² Passage 1-infer from the main idea (2019海淀第二学期期中考试)Runners who encounter visual and auditory(听觉的) distractions(分心) may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to a resear

2、ch by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the Un

3、iversity of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these dist

4、ractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners bodies when they come in contact with it.The runners were all inju

5、ry free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Hermans team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concentrated on a screen displaying different

6、letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.When compared to runn

7、ing without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractio

8、ns. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk,” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes

9、these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a destination marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attentionlike a new song playl

10、ist.”Dr. Hermans team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues. 1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. What can we infer from the mai

11、n idea?Brainstorm. What words can be used to tell the authors attitude? positive objective negative² Passage 2-infer from the authors attitudeRussian police have started a new attempt to get drivers to slow down at zebra crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest st

12、reets in some of the big cities in an attempt to improve road safety and raise awareness among Russias notoriously(臭名昭著地) careless drivers. The light grey horses，painted with black stripes，carried signs on their backs reading：“Careful，children are on their way to school.” The police sent the “zebras

13、” to several different locations in the Russian capital，where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets(传单) to passing drivers. Some held up rainbow-colored umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain. Russian roads are notoriously danger

14、ous and drivers still rarely take the initiative(主动采取措施) to avoid pedestrians. Nearly half of all traffic accidents in the countrys big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians，and a third of those occur on crossings，according to traffic police figures published last month. In the first six mon

15、ths of this year, 378 people were killed and more than 6,600 injured on pedestrian crossings in Russia，according to police. In Moscow alone, 43 people were killed，including two children. Though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals，animal rights activists still disa

16、greed with the idea，accusing the police of “treating animals like garbage”“Children understand that paints are bad for animals，” the Interfax news agency quoted president of Vita animal rights group Irina Novozhilova as saying. Since there were no “zebra” sudden rush through the city，I can only assu

17、me that these horses were taken from the urban stables(马厩) that house animals forced to work like pulling tourists in horse-drawn carriages. Like any other city in the world sticking to this outdated tradition，Moscows carriage horses are not in their preferred surroundings - suffering injuries，illne

18、ss and short careers due to being overworked Lets hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians awareness. 1. What are the following peoples attitude towards the new attempt? Please find out the evidence in the passage.AttitudeEvidencepolicea

19、nimal rights activiststhe author2. According to the attitudes of animal rights activists or the author, what could they probably agree?III. Consolidation ² Passage 3 (2019北京市朝阳区高三第二学期期中考试)Envelope BudgetFrom McDonalds to Sonic, fast food had a bad effect on my waistline and my budget. It was no

20、thing to run to a drive-through to pick up a cold drink or a quick bite to eat. It was so easy to use my card for a small purchase. For me, I got a lot of satisfaction from fast food.One day I sat down and calculated that I was spending a surprising $40 a week on fast food. This was a lot of iced co

21、ffee and hamburgers! Instead of reducing my guilty pleasures, I decided to give myself a strong budget to reduce my consumption. Every Monday I placed an envelope with $20 in my purse. That was my fast food budget for the entire week. If there was anything left over at the end of the week, it was mi

22、ne to save or spend. If I spent all of the money during the week, there were no more fast food stops that week.The budget made me more mindful of my purchases. Instead of purchasing a large drink from Sonic. I would purchase a small. It was still satisfying but not nearly as pricey. Instead of eatin

23、g a whole meal, I would pick the part that I actually wanted. Many days, the thought of hanging onto the money for a special purpose meant more to me than the instant satisfaction of fast food. I never really felt unhappy because it was a conscious choice to spend or save with each purchase.Envelope

24、 budget kept me honest. I had a clear idea how much money was spent each week on fast food purchases. I started to bring my lunches more often to save more money for the week. It was a fun challenge to see how much I could save every week.Changing the way I spent on fast food not only helped my budg

25、et, but improved my weight. In the first month I was able to get rid of 5 pounds by simply changing the way I approached spending on fast food. Now I am more likely to bring my lunch than to buy it. I am not upset, but empowered to make positive choices to improve my life.1. What is the passage main

26、ly about?2. Whats the authors attitude towards the envelope budget?3. What can we learn according to the main idea and the authors attitude?IV. Summary V. Homework2019北京高考D篇Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of

27、 adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of todays students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.   For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from pe

28、ople of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a pas

29、sage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.  To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentatio

30、n. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on de

31、bate and questioning.   Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern,

32、 they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be en