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1、反义疑问句 can【篇一:反义疑问句can 】1.can 的反意疑问句一般要分两种情况来说.2.can 如果是表示 “能力 /许可 /请求 ”等时 ,则直接以 can 来变即可 .如你的例子: he cant go to school today,can he?例句中的 can 表示的就是能力的含义.3.can 如果表示可能性 ”,即翻译成 “可能 /不可能 ”,则与 can 无关 ,必须考查句子的具体时态和谓语动词形式 ,进行具体判断 .如你的第 2/3 个例子 ,can 就是表示可能性的含义.1) he cant work here now,does he?翻译:他现在不可能在这儿工作,是

2、吗 ?方法:去掉can 后 ,结合时间状语now, 则句子正常写法为:he doesnt work here now,does he?2) he cant have done his work last night,did he?翻译:昨晚他不可能做过他的工作 ,是吗 ?方法:去掉 can 后 ,结合时间状语 last night, 则句子正常写法为:he didnt do his work last night,did he?4.如果上述情况中没有明确的时间状语,则根据句意可以加以适当变化.如: he cant have been to the usa before,has he?方法:去掉

3、 can, 考虑到时间状语 before, 用现在完成时最好 ,即句子改成:he hasnt been to the usa before,has he?但是楼主给的第4 个例句:he cant have done his work,did he?/has he?之所以是两种都可以 ,是因为去掉 can 后 ,没有具体明确的时间状语 , 所以句子可能变成:1) he didnt do his work,did he?也可能变成:2) he hasnt done his work,has he?【篇二:反义疑问句can 】情态动词有哪些及用法情态动词 (model verbs)又称为情态助动词(

4、model auxil-iaries),主要有 can, may, must, could, might, shall , should, will, would,ought to, need, dare 等(过去式更委婉哦!)。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词部分重点测试以下内容:( 1)情态动词 +动词完成式 : must have done( 2)情态动词 +动词进行式 : must be doing( 3)情态动词 +动词完成进行式 : must have been doing( 4)某些情态动词的特殊

5、用法 : need一、情态动词 +动词完成式情态动词 +动词完成式即 “情态动词 + have + done 分词 ”,表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评论或判断。1. must have donemust have done表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。其否定或疑问形式都用 can(could)来表示 .例如: since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.he can t have missed the way. i drew him a map.“ the dictionary has disappeared. who could

6、have taken it?当然对现在发生或将来发生的事情,要用 must do表示猜测can t do., 否定为”he must understand that we mean business.you must be hungry after a long walk.2.may / might have donemay / might have done表示推测过去某事“也许 ”发生了 .may 比might表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如:i can t find my keys. i may / might have left them at the school yesterd

7、ay.3. could have done 在肯定句型中 , 往往用作委婉的批评 . 本应该做什么 ,而没做 ; 有时也用作猜测 .you could have told us earlier.tom could have taken the dictionary.4. ought to / should have done和 ought not to / shouldnt havedoneought to / should have done和 ought not to / shouldnt havedone 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备 ”、“不满 ”,分别表示 “本应该 ”和 “本不应该

8、 ”。例如:1)with all the work finished, i should have gone to the party last night.2) you ought not to have made fun of him. he is not the oneyou laugh at but learn from.5. needn t have doneneedn t have done 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要,意为 “本没必要 ”。例如:you needn t have waken me up; i don t have to go to worktoday.注:表

9、示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时,就表示的可能性程度而言, must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小。例如:“ i wonder how tom knew about your past.”“ he must / could / may / might have heard of it from mary.二、情态动词 +动词进行式”情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + doing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如:1) he must be playing basketball in the room.2) she may be staying a

10、t home.三、情态动词 +动词完成进行式情态动词 +行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词 + have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如:1) they should have been meeting to discuss the problem.2) he may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.四、某些情态动词的特殊用法1. need考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别。情态动词 need 与实义动词 need 在

11、时态、肯定、否定结构上的对比见下表。时态 情态动词 need 实义动词 need现在时he need (needn t) doneed he do.?he needs (doesn t need) to do过去时he needed (didn 将来时 t need) to dohe need (needn need he do .? t)dohe will (not) need to do注: need一般用于否定句或疑问句.2. dare 考试中主要测试 dare 作情态动词和作实义动词的区别。情态动词 dare 与实义动词 dare 在时态、肯定、否定、疑问结构上的对比见下 表。句型 情

12、态动词 dare 实义动词 dare 肯定句现在时 dare to 少用过去时 dare to 少用现在时 dare/dares to do 过去时 dared to do否定句现在时 daren t/dare not do 过去时 dared not do现在时 do/does not dare (to) do 过去时 did not dare (to) do疑问句现在时 dare he do?过去时 dared he do?现在时 do you/does he dear (to) do?过去时 did he dare (to) do3. can 和 may考试中主要测试can , may

13、或 could ,might表示可能性的区别及对 may 构成的疑 问句的回答。(1)can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性 .can, could表示潜在的可能性或理论上或逻辑判断上存在的可能性;而may, might则表示事实上的可能性。此外,can 还具有 “有能力 ”的意思,而may 与 might 则不具此意。例如:according to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong.(2)may i / we ?这

14、一类疑问句的肯定回答为 yes, please.或certainly ;否定回答为 please don t或. no, you mustnt.例如:“ may we leave now?” “ no, you mustn t. you haven t finishedyour home work yet.”4. can 和 be able tocan 与 be able to都可以表示能力,但两者在用法上有点差异:can(could) 表示主观能力,不表示意愿,它的将来时用 will be able to; be able to 表示主观意愿,强调要克服困难去做某事。例如:1) my gra

15、ndma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses.5. must和 have tomust和 have to都可以表示 “必须 ”,但有几点区别:( 1)must 强调 “内在的职责 ”、 “义务 ”,而 have to 强调 “外界压力”、“不得已而为之 ”。( 2)have to 可用于多种时态,而 must 一般用于现在时,其过去时与将来时分别由had to与 shall / will have to代替。(3)在回答 must 引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn t,而要用 needn t或 don

16、t have to,因为 mustn t是“一定不要 ”、 “一定不能 ”的意思。例如:you must come to the classroom before eight.2) it is raining hard outside, but i have to leave now.3) “must we do it now?” “no, you neednt. ”6. used to +do, be used to +doing和 be used to +do( 1)used to +v 意为 “过去常常 ”,“过去一直 ”; be used to +v-ing/ n (名词)意为 “习惯

17、于 ”;be used to +v意为 “被用来(做某事)”。(2)used to只表示过去,而be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如:1) he used tosmoke. now he doesnt.2) hes quite used to hard work / working hard.3) the knife is used to cut bread.7用作情态动词的其他短语 would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can

18、 not but, may (just) as well 等可用作情态动词。例如:1) the soldier would sooner die than surrender.2) the brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy.3) i d rather walk than take a bus.4) if you dont like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.注:这些短语后一般直接跟动词原形.would (had) rather, would(had) s

19、ooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that引导的从句,that常省去,从句要用虚拟语气。对现在和将来的假设用过去时,对过去的假设用过去完成时。例如:1) i would rather you came on sunday.2) i would sooner you hadnt asked反义疑问句(the disjunctive question)即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法 ,没有把握 ,需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。1陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式可记为 前肯后否2陈述部分否

20、定式+疑问部分肯定式可记为 前否后肯句子类型:一种是反义的附加疑问句,一种是非反义的附加疑问句。用法he? 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?the girl dislikes history,doesntshe? 这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗?有less,fewer等词视为肯定词,疑问部分用否定形式。如: there will be less pollution, wont there?表示主语主观意愿的词含有 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时,视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。(1.) 当主句的主语为第一

21、人称时,其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如: i expect our english teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? we suppose you have finished the project,havent you?值得注意的是,当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句,故其后的简短问句应用肯定式,而非否定式。例如: i dont believe that he can translate this book,can he? wedont imagine the twins have arrived, ha

22、ve they?此类句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑问句一样,如上述后一个句子,若双胞胎已经到了,则回答为yes, they have.;若尚未到达,使用no, they havent.。(2). 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时,否定只看主句,与从句无关 .)。例如: your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? you thought theycould have completed the project, didnt you? they dont believe shes an engineer,

23、do they? she doesnt expect that we arecoming so soon, does she? (3) 但如果主句的时态是过去时等等,疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。had better或have陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时,疑问句应用 hadnt等开头: youd better get up early, hadnt you?其他情况句中有 have 时疑问句应用 dont 等开头 如 have 表示 “有 ”的时候,有两种形式:( have 表示有 可用 do 或 have 来改写) -he hastwo sisters,

24、doesnt he? =he has two sisters,hasnt he? -he doesnt have any sisters,does he?祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达,分三种情况:1)一般情况下用 will you 或 wont you 。e.g. give me a hand,will you? leave all the things as theyare,wont you? 2) 以 lets 开头的祈使句,前肯后可肯可否,前否后只可,疑问句用 shall we; 以 let us 或 let me 开头的祈使句,问句用will you。e.g. l

25、ets go out for a walk, shant we? let us go out for a walk,will you? let me help you,will you? 3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时,问句可用 will you 或 can you。e.g. dont make much noise,will/can you?there be句型there be句型中,反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + there there aresome apples in the basket, arent there? there isnt any milk left,is there?must.当陈述部分有情态动词 must ,问句有4 种情况: (1) mustnt表示“禁止,不可,不必 ”时,附加问句通常要用 must. you mustntstop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?(2)must 表示 “有必要 ”时,附加问句通常要用 neednt. they mustfinish the work today,neednt they?

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