2022年高考英语语法精讲与精练：第一章 冠词

1、2022年高考英语语法精讲与精练：第一章 冠词第一章 冠词精讲与精练一、冠词讲前练：冠词语篇填空训练（不需要用冠词处划细线）When I walked down 1_Third Avenue, as 2_ rule, I used to look into the window of 3_old shop that sold old but beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against 4_ windows to get 5_ small look a

2、t the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been cared for 6_ long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their surface. I even thought they were 7_ most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about old people, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when

3、others missed it. I was raised by my grandmother and given 8_ deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well, my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or colour. My grandmother was loved by all 9_ people around her.She was known to be 10_ wise and kind woman, who

4、was able to do things well even in her last years.Keys: 1.the 2.a 【as a rule 通常】 3.an 4.the 5.a 【get a look at看一眼】6.a 【for a long time很长一段时间】 7.the 8.a 9.the 10.a二、冠词考点精讲：冠词考点1、定冠词（the）表特指，不定冠词(a, an)表泛指。冠词考点2、a用在辅音开头的可数名词单数前，an 用在元音开头的可数名词单数前。注意：(1)、hour,honest,honour等词虽以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用a

5、n.(2)、useful,university,usual,united,European, one-eyed等单词的拼写以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音开头，因此，前面要用a。冠词考点3、固定短语中的冠词问题，如第二题的as a rule(通常)(1)常考带the的短语at the age of在岁时in the middle of在的中间at the foot of 在脚下on the way to 在去的路上on the right/left在右边/左边in the habit of有做的习惯at the same time同时in the morning/afternoon/evenin

6、g在早上/下午/晚上at the beginning/end of 在开始/结束时at the top/bottom of在的顶部/底部by the way顺便问一下in the form of 以的形式with the help of 在的帮助下with the development of随着.的发展(2)常考不带冠词的短语at college在上大学at home在家in advance预先，提前lose weight减肥at peace/war处于和平/战争状态in good condition情况良好on business因公出差in addition此外，另外in good ord

7、er有条不紊in place of取代pay attention to注意(3)有无冠词意义迥异的短语in hospital在住院 in the hospital在医院in charge of掌管 in the charge of由掌管in possession of占有 in the possession of被占有in front of在（外部）的前面 in the front of在（内部）的前部out of question毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能冠词考点4、不定冠词可用于具体化的抽象名词前，He is a success as a teacher bu

8、t a failure as a father.A good knowledge of English is a must in modern society.三、冠词应考技巧：1、在语法填空题中，空格在名词前，考虑是否应该填冠词，2、在改错题中，重点考虑定冠词与不定冠词的误用，是否多用了或缺了冠词。四、考点精练(一)单句语法填空1.【2021·全国甲卷】It took us about 3 hours to go all _48_ way around the Xi'an City Wall.Key: the2.【2021·全国乙卷】Due to _65_ gro

9、wing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various typesof trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Key: the3.【2021·新高考卷】While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is _65_ must to visit!Key: a 句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是

10、以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。4.【2021·浙江高考卷】_44_ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. Key: the5.【2020全国卷】The plum trees are 70. first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).Key: the6.【2020浙江高考】

11、This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then, with 64rise of science, changes began.Key:the考查冠词。此处定冠词特指科学的振兴。7.【2019·全国卷】When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was 69joke.Key: a 考查冠词。根据句意“我们以为这是一个玩笑”,再因为joke为可数名词,故用不定冠词。8.【2018卷II】Corn production has jumped near

12、ly 125 percent over_past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. Key: the9.【2018III】Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla(大猩猩), who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs. Key: the10.【2017·全国卷I】As _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something

13、missing. Key:a11.【2017·全国卷II】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over _ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Key:the【dig up掘起; 翻土(准备种东西)】12.【2017·全国卷III】Instead, she is earning 6，500 a day as _ model in New York. K

14、ey:a13.【2017·浙江卷6月考】For Pahlsson, the rings return was _ wonder.Key:a【原文the rings 是its】14.【2016·全国新课标I】The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _ other is with mum-she never suspects.key:the【nursery婴儿室，幼儿园; 临时托儿所】15.【2016·全国新课

15、标II】Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside forwhile, exercising, or dong something you enjoy. Key:a 【for a while一会儿】16.【2016·上海】You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself _ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is be

16、ing expected of you, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself.key:a 【on the downward slope,在下斜坡】17.【2015·全国卷II】The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineers. key:the18.【2015·广东卷】

17、Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned _ farm, which looked almost abandoned. Key:a(二)单句语法改错1.【2020·全国卷I】Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.Key:考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前the。2.【2020·全国卷III】For example

18、, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. Key:考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。3.【2019·全国卷I】One afternoon when I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just

19、 in front of me but almost hit me.key:考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。4.【2019·全国卷III】Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.key:考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。5.【2017全国卷,33】It is generally accepted that the boy must

20、 learn to stand up and fight likea man.【真题改编】【答案】the 改为a 【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。6.【2017全国卷II,16】As he reached front door, Jack saw a strange sight.【真题改编】【答案】front 前加the 【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。”the front

21、 door是特指Jack所走过去的门，a strange sight是泛指，相当于a certain sight,起初次介绍的作用。7.【2017山东卷,21】Take your timeits just short distance from here to the restaurant.【真题改编】【答案】just 后加a 【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语。8.【2017浙江卷,2】Experts think that a recently discovered painti

22、ng may be a Picasso. 【真题改编】【答案】第一个a改为the 【考点】考查冠词在语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。”the painting特指最近发现的油画；a Picasso意为a Picassos painting，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。9.【2017四川卷,18】Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “The fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”【真题改编】【答案

23、】The fifth 改为A fifth【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说，我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。10.【2017重庆卷,26】In communication, a smile is usually an strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.【真题改编】【答案】an改为a 【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“在相互交流中，微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。”11.【2017陕西卷,13】As is known to all, Peoples R

24、epublic of China is the biggest developing country in the world. 【真题改编】【答案】在Republic 前加the 【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。”12.【2017江西卷22】Its said that John will be in a job paying over 60,000 a year. Right, he will also get paid by a week.【真题改编】【答案】by后的a 改为the 【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】前一句

25、句意为：据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作，表时间单位每年，冠词用a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。13.I have visited many cities since the September 2006. 【答案】划掉the14.We all know that the man is the most developed animal in the world.【答案】划掉man前的the.15.I came by the plane and I had a lovely journey. 【答案】划掉the16.What good time we had last night! 【答案】good前加a17.We have a music class once week. 【答案】once前加a18.What pity it is that you wont be back before I leave.【答案】what后加a19.The Americans landed on moon in 1969. 【答案】on后加the20.【2018卷I】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to