初中英语语法现在进行时

1、A. is sleepingB .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep初中英语语法 现在进行时讲解与习题现在进行时表示 1、现在（说话的瞬间） 正在进行或发生的动作， 强调 “此时此刻 E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2 、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 E.g. They are working these days.3 、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。 E.g I am coming. 其结构为 be+ 现在分词 . 现在分词的变法有1 、一般在动词词尾加上 -ing ,E

2、.g. jump2、以不发音字母 e结尾的动词，先去 e,再加-ing. E.g have write3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要 先将词尾的辅音字母双写,再加上 -ing. E.g. sit put其句式变换都在 be 上做文章。E.g. He is buying a bike.Is he buying a bike?He isn 't buying a bike.一般由 look,listen,now, at this moment 等时间状语做标志。自我检测（一） 、单选1、 Look! He their mother do the h

3、ousework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping2 、 are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .WhoB .HowC.WhatD.Where3、 Don't talk here. My mother .4 、 Danny _. Don 't call him.A. is writeingB .is writingC.writingD .writes5、-When_heback?-Sorry, I don't know.A. does,c

4、omeB.are comingC.is comeD.is coming答案： A C A B D(二)、填空1 、 It 's ten o 'clock. My mother (lie)in bed.2、What_he _(mend)?3、We _(play)games now.4、What _you_(do) these days?5 、 he _(clean) the classroom?6 、 Who(sing)in the next room?7 、 The girl(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She (wear)a red sweat

5、ertoday.答案： 1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing一、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错例： 1、 They are swiming.(swim)2 、 Jenny is plaiing(play)football.答案： 1.swimming 2 .playing解析：动词变现在分词可有如下口诀 : “一添一去 y 不变 ”.一“添 ”指双写规则； 指去掉不发音字母e规则；“y不变”指要与名词变复数区分开。二、丢掉 be 动词或忘记把

6、动词变成现在分词例： 1 、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.2 、 Li Mingisn ' t read ( not read) a book in bed now.答案： 1 are flying 2 isn ' t reading记。解析：现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为：“ be现在分词，缺一不可”。这一点必须牢三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例： 1 、 The students are singing in the room.( 对划线部分提问 )What are the students i

7、n the room?答案： What are the students doing in the room?解析 ： 现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语 +doing+ 其它 ?”或简写为 “ Whatdoing 句式”?四、现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视or 后用现在分词形式例：孩子们在跑还是在跳？Are the children running or jump?答案： Are the children running or jumping?解析： or 连接的是两个并列成分，动词形式须一致。般现在时的讲解与练习一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是初中英

8、语语法重点。它表示 1)经常性、习 惯性的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2) 表示主语的特征、 性格、能力、爱好等。 e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV . 3) 表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语 +其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提、八前.其句式变化可分为两种情况1)表示动作， 一般人

9、称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don' t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. Theydon' t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2 )单三人称做主语的， 变否定句须在 动词前加助动词does n' t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.Jenny doesn' t speak English very well.Does Jenny speak

10、English very well?含有 be 动词的要在 be 上做变化 .E.g. Danny is a good student.Danny isn' t a good student.Is Danny a good student?其时间状语为 often、 usually、 always、 sometimes 等频率副词， on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。学生常见错误如下：一、be 动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例： We are plant (plant) the trees in s

11、pring.答案： plant解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中， be 是表状态， do 是表动作，两种动词不 能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀： “英汉语言有差异， be 、 do 不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。自我检测：(一 )、 单选1 Jenny in an office. Her parents in a hospital.A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work2 One of the bo

12、ys a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain4 He said the sun in the east and in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei music and often to music.A like; liste

13、n B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen6 Jenny English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied 答案： 1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B(二 )、填空 <1 I can take Li Ming there when he ( come) to visit.2 your sister(know)English?3Her home ( 远离 )her school.4The pot(not look) like yours ve

14、ry much.5 Where you(have)lunch every day?6 Who( 想要 )to go swimming?7 she(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually(play) games in the afternoon .答案： 1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look二、单三人称形式易出错例： 1 He plaies (play) football very well.2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10

15、.答案： 1 plays 2 goes解析： 1 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把 y 换成 i 再加 es；2 与名词 变复数不同，变单三人称形式以 o 结尾的词要加 es.三、在句式变换时易出错例： 1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesn' t lives (not live) in China.答案： 1 Does have 2 doesn' t live解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀： “见助动，用原 形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He did

16、n't go home yesterday.四、对 do 的理解易出错例： We don' t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.答案： don' t do解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义 ：a)是所有行为动词的总称； b)是助动 词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把 此句变为否定句，故须在 do 前加助动词 don' t。五、对主语的数判断有误例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.答案：is解析:表面一看是“我和李

17、明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语,故用is.从句都要用一般另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态,现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。般过去时的讲解与练习解析 :我们可以记住下面的口诀 :"动词变成过去式 ,双写规律要牢记 ;y 前若是辅音字 ,y 变 i个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a childoft

18、e n playedwith fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3 ）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。 e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4 ）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去 时态。 e.g. What did you say?另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。 e.g. Could you lend me your pen?其结构是"主语+动词的过去式"。be动词的过去式为 was, were;行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况

19、：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g.workworked; askasked; 2 ）以 e 结尾的动词只加 -d. e.g. arrivearrived; likeliked.3）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母 ,再加 -ed. e.g. shopshopped;4）以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词，先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry-carried; studystudied. 有些动词变过去式是不规则的 ,e.g. flyflew; breakbroke; teachtaught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住 .其句式变化分为两

20、种情况1）含有be动词的依然在 be上做文章.e.g. I was born in 1980. Iwas not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2） 含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加 助动词did n't.，同时把动词变成原形；变一般疑问句，在句首加助动词did，同时把动词变成原形 e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterda

21、y?其时间状语为 yesterday或由其构成的短语，e.g. yesterday morning;由"last+时间"构成的短 语，e.g. last year;由”时间段 +ago"构成的短语，e.g. three days ago;另外，还有 on the morning of Monday， just now 等，以及一些表示过去时态的从句 .注意 ，在宾语从句中主句为过去 ，一般从句 也为过去 .常见错误如下 :一 把动词变成过去式易出错例 : 1 They stoped （stop） talking just now.2 They plaied （pl

22、ay） football yesterday.答案 : 1 stopped 2 played加 -ed;y 前若是元音字 ,只须直接加 -ed."二忘记把动词变成过去式例 : I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday.答案 : flew解析 :我们可以记住下面的口诀 :"一般过去时态里 ,过去形式莫忘记 专项练习 :一 选择1 She lived there before heto China.A. came B. comes C. come D. coming2 I butnothing.A . was listened;w

23、as hearing B. listened;heardC . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of3 When did you here?A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach4 Imy homework at 7:00 yesterday evening.A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish5 -He didn't go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he?A.

24、No, he doesn't B. Yes, he didn't C. No, he did D. Yes, he did. 6 -I have had supper.- When youit?A. have; had B. do, have C. did,have D. will have 答案 : 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C二 填空1 They(be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There(be)a shop not long ago.Jenny(not go)to bed until 11:00 o'clock last night.3 Danny (read )English five minutes ago.4 I (see)Li Lei (go) out just now.