阅读题干的提问方式和解题技巧

1、阅读题干的提问方式和解题技巧一、 细节理解题（一）常见题干：1. When Where did the story happen?2. Which of the following is TRUE in the passage?3. Which of the following statements isNOT includeddiscussedmentioned inthepassage?4. Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?5. Which of the following is TRUENOT tru

2、e?6. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?7. All of the following the statements are true EXCEPT 8. The writer mentions all the following EXCEPT （ 二 ） 解题指导A. 依据正确选项的特点解题1. 正确选项一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是 用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。题干 +正确选项的信息值等于或约等于原文中某句的信 息值。2. 正确选项体现中心思

3、想，一般试题的细节与主旨直接关联。B. 依据干扰选项的特点解题1. 干扰选项部分正确，部分错误。2. 干扰选项是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容3. 干扰选项符合常识，但不是文章内容。4. 干扰选项与原句的内容极为相似，只是在程度上有些变动。二 主旨大意题（一）常见题干：1. Main idea 型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的句子。题干多为 如下形式： What ' s the main idea point of the passage? The passage is mainly about The passage is mainly concerned ab

4、out Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? The general main idea of the passage is about _2. Main purpose 型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题 干形式： What ' s the purpose of the passage? The passage is meant to The purpose of the article is to In this passage the writer trie

5、s to tell us that The passage tells us that The author ' s main purpose in writing the passage is to 3. 标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式： The best title offor the passage is Which of the following is the best title of the passage? The most appropriate title of the passage is （ 二 ） 解题指导 : 主旨题正确选项特点

6、：不出现细节信息；不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词1. 注意首段和各段第一句话，将其含义连接成一个整体。2. 小心“首段陷阱”，不要一看开头就选择答案。3. 不管主旨题出现在第几道题，都作为最后一道题去做，因为做完其他题以后会对主旨的理 解有帮助。4. 段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句。5. 作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨。6. 首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是文章主旨。7. 提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示： therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。（二）主旨题错误选项的干扰项特征经常是：1. 局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容。2. 范围过

7、宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。3. 逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发， 想象一下如果自己写作文会选取哪个题目，除了表达意思，还要能吸引读者，才是最佳答案。推理判断题一）常见题干：(1) We can guess the writer of the letter may be a (2) We can infer from the text that (3) It can be inferred from the text that (4) From the letters we've learned that it' s very

8、to know something aboutAmerican social customs.(5) From the story we can guess(6) From the text we know that (7) What would happen if .?(8) The storypassage implies that (9) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be (10) The writer ' s attitude toward.is (11) The author implied s

9、uggested that (12) It may be concluded from the passage that （ 二 ） 解题指导 :1. 解答这类题的一般步骤是：（1）定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。（2）字面理解：理解相关信息点的字面意义。（3）深层理解：结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者 的言外之意。2. 选择答案时，注意排除以下干扰项，以便缩小选择范围：（1）不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，要严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理；（ 2） 推理的根据来自于上下文；（3）如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答

10、案；（ 4） 如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论， 也不是正确答案；（5）如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案；（ 6）文中的虚拟语气和情态动词（ should, must, may, etc. ）往往能流露出作者的弦外之音， 这有助于我们确定正确答案；（ 7）注意作者在文章中的措辞， 比如作者在形容词前用了 too, excessively（ 极度地 ）, rather ， 则常带有否定的口气；（ 8）某些过渡词（例如： however, but, on the contrary, what's more ）

11、后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度3. 此外，可采用主旨推断法：在理解短文大意，明确文章主旨的基础上，进行推断，从而得出符合情理的结论四、意义猜测题（一）考查方式：1. 同义法。常在词或短语之间有并列连词 and 或 or, 它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的 或递进的，由此可以推断。2. 反义法。如 hot and cold, give and receive 等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词 与词间都起着互为线索的作用。3. 释义法。对文章中的生词用定语（从句） 、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加 以解释说明。4. 情景推断法、代词替代法等。（二）常见题干：（1）

12、The word “.” in the passage probably means （2）The underlined word“” in the passage refers tomeans .（3）Which of the following is closet in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph?(4) The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means.(5) The word “ittheythem ” in the first paragraph r

13、efers to (6) Which of the following is nearestclosest in meaning to“( 三 ) 解题指导：1. 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。2. 确定该词汇的词性。3. 从上下文（词汇的前后几句）中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词（如一下子找不到就再 往上往下找），代入所给词汇在文章中的位置（将之替换）看语义是否合适。4. 找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选项，即答案。1. 如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。2. 高考阅读不是考查字认识不认识，而是考查是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。3. 词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该

14、词汇出现的附近。4. 寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点（比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并 列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话 的意思从而推出所给词汇含义） ；定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如： 让猜一个名词词组（动词词组）的意思，我们就向上或向下搜素名词词组（动词词组） 。【典题例析】细节题：（2011 广东高考卷） In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens wi

15、th humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness inpeople. I see it every day when people holddoorsfor me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but som

16、etimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don't getto see this soft side of othersoften, we try every way possible to avoid showing ourweakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we're brave or strong do we a

17、llow people to show the kindness that's in them.26. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when A_.A. they offer their helpB. they receive others ' helpC. they feel others' kindnessD. they show their weakness27. The author feels sad sometimes because _D_.A. he has a soft h

18、eartB. he relies much on othersC. some people pretend to be kindD. some people fail to see the kindness in others主旨大意题：（2011 广东高考） In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources （ 资源 ）, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen

19、more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize thatthis unhealthy situation must be changed,and that we must be able to develop in sustainable （ 可持续的 ） ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we shou

20、ld keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. Accordingtoa recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times biggerover the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on le

21、ading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global

22、markets for sustainable products such as palm oil （棕榈油）， which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.45. What is the main purpose of the passage?（D）A. To introduce a new business model.B. To compare two

23、business models.C. To predict a change of the global market.D. To advocate sustainable development.推理判断题：（2011广东高考） The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase （公文包） and standingbefore my full- length mirror, repeating t

24、he words, “Hello, class. I 'm Mr. Davis. ” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.37. W

25、hat can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?（C）A. He would be aggressive in his first class.B. He was well-prepared for his first class.C. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.D. He waited long for the arrival of his first class.词义猜测题：（2011广东高考） Can dogs and cats live in perfect

26、 harmony in the same home?P eople who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young （less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs）, it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a posi