第三部分专题六状语从句

1、学习必备欢迎下载专题六状语从句考点一：时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词：when, while, as, after, before, since, till/until, once, as soon as, the moment/the minute/the instant, immediately, directly, hardly/scarcely .when, no sooner等.。than 1 when, while, as 引导时间状语从句的区别(1) 若主句谓语是短暂性动作，从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可互换。当我沿着街道行走时，碰巧遇

2、到了一位老朋友。_/_/_ I was walking down the street ， I came across an old friend.(2)when 引导的从句中的动词既可以是短暂性的，也可以是延续性的；while从句中的动词必须是延续性的。他们来的时候，大火已经被扑灭了。The fire was put out _ they came.我在跟你说话的时候，请安静。Please be quiet _ I am talking to you.(3)as 引导的从句的动作与主句动作同时发生。若从句动作的时间概念淡化，主要为突出主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。这时 as 意为“

3、一边 一边 ，随着 ” 。随着年龄的增长，你会越来越了解自己。，you'll know better and better about yourself.Because of the heavy traffic ， it was already time for lunch breakshe got to her office.(2010 四·川高考 )A sinceB thatC whenD until2 until, till和 not . untiluntil 和 till都表示 “直到 ”，常可互换，但是 till 不能用于强调句，也不能置于句首。(1) 主句是肯定句

4、时，谓语须用延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到 until/till表示的时间为止。我会一直等到音乐会结束。I'll wait _ the concert is over.(2) 主句是否定句时，谓语须用非延续性动词，表示主句的动作直到 until/till表示的时间才发生。直到她回来他才睡。He won't go to bed _ she returns.“not until . 位于句”首时，主句须用倒装语序，即助动词或系动词放在主语的前面。直到你告诉我， 我才知道这件事。_“not until . 用于强”调句型中。直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。_If a lot of

5、 people say a film is not good, I won't bother to see it, or I'll waitit comes outon DVD. (2011上·海高考 )A whetherB afterC thoughD until3 since 自从 以来(1)since后如果是终止性动词的过去式，则时间的起点应从该动作发生时算起。自从李先生回来以后，他一直在这儿。Mr. Li _ here since he came back.我们到这儿两年了。It_ since we arrived here.(2)since 后如果是延续性动

6、词的过去式，则时间的起点应从该动作结束时算起。他不吸烟已有三年了。It has been three years _As is reported, it is 100 yearsQinghua University was founded. (2011四川高考·)A whenB beforeC afterD since4 Before (1)before引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作先于从句的动作发生。before在句中可有多种翻译：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land._We hadn't r

7、un a mile before he felt tired._Before I could get in a word, he had measured me._(2)it will be 一段时间before . 多久“之后才 ”。还得待半年我才能回来。_(3)It won't be long before .不久就 “”。过不了多长时间我们就会又见面的。_学习必备欢迎下载Jack thinks it won't be longhe is ready for his new job. (2010 陕西高考 ) ·A whenB afterC beforeD sin

8、ce5名词短语作引导词的用法及表示“一 就 ”的引导词(1) 表示时间的名词短语也可以引导状语从句。常见的这类名词短语有the time, the moment,the minute, the day, the year, the first time, the second time, each time, every time, next time,等。any time 她一到我就要见她。 I want to see her _ _ she arrives.我每次感冒背都疼。_ _ I catch a cold, I have pains in my back.(2)as soon as,

9、 immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner .than ., hardly/scarcely .when . 都意为“一 就 ”，表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生。一感觉到疼痛你就得去看医生。_ you feel any pains, you must go to see the doctor.他们一完成工作就切断了电源。_ _ they finished their work _ the electricity was cut off.He had no sooner finished his speechthe students start

10、ed cheering. (2011 辽宁高考 )·A sinceB asC whenD than考点二：条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if( 如果 ), unless( if .not除“非”),so/as long as (只要 ), once, on condition that (条件是 ), suppose/supposing (假设；如果 ), provided/providing that ( 如果 ), if only ( 但愿 ), only if ( 只要 ), given that( 考虑到；假定 )等。如果他不在办公室，那他一定是出去吃午饭了。_ h

11、e is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助谁？_/_(that) they refuse us, who else can we？turn to for help只要你答应不请玛丽我就来。I will come _ _ you promise not to invite Mary. Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it ？ Well ，that doesn't matterA as long asB unlessyou enjoyed yourselves.

12、 (2010 江西高考· )Cas soon asD though考点三：让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的从属连词有 though, although,虽as(然；尽管)，even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/what/which/when/where/how, whether等。1although/though( 尽管，虽然 )两者意思相同， 一般可互换， 都可以与 yet, still 或 nevertheless连用，但不能和bu

13、t 连用虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。Although/Though it was raining hard, _ they went on playing football.though 还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而 ”，置于句末。他说他会来，可是他没有来。He said he would come; he didn't, _Frank insisted that he was not asleepI had great difficulty in waking him up. (201 1·四川高考)A whetherB althoughC forD so2as

14、(尽管 )引导让步状语从句as 引导让步状语从句时，可用倒装结构。 可以把表语提前，当表语是名词时，名词前应省略冠词；也可把状语或谓语动词提前。尽管他是个孩子，他却懂得很多。_ _ he is, he knows a lot.尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。_ _ I like it, I'll not buy it.Tryshe might, Sue couldn't get the door open. (2011 全国卷 )·A ifB whenC sinceD as3 even if/even though( 即使；尽管 )即使下雨，我们也要去那里。(陈述语气 )

15、Even though/if it _ _, we'll go there.即使我在你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。(虚拟语气) Even if I _ in your place, I twouldn'takethe job.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,theyhave the interest. (2010 安徽高考·)A whereverB wheneverC even ifDas if学习必备欢迎下载4 while( 虽然 )引

16、导让步状语从句，强调主句内容与从句内容的对比；whether .or(not) .引导让步状语从句，意为“不管 还是 ”尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是看到了他的缺点。 _ I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.不管是我们到你那儿去还是待在这儿，我们还是得找点吃的。_ we go to your place or stay here, we've still got to find something to eat.all of them are strong candidates, only one will be cho

17、sen for the post. (201 1·陕西高考)A SinceB WhileC IfD As5 “疑问词 ever ”与 “ no matter疑问词 ”引导的让步状语从句不管我做什么都没人关注我。_, no one paid any attention.不管你在哪里工作，你都能找时间学习。_, you can always find. time to study不管我怎么频繁地按铃都没人应答_, no one. will answerNo matter howA a desert may be dry， it is not necessarily lifeless. (

18、2011 辽宁高考 )·B dry a desert may beCmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be考点四：其他状语从句1. 地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词有 where, whereveverywhere,nowhere等。从句可位于主句之前也可位于主句之后。在你有问题的地方作个标记。Make a mark _无论约翰在哪里都能像在家里一样。_, John can make himself at home.where 引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别：where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词

19、要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。在这次旅行期间我们将到我们想去的地方去。状语从句： We will go _ during this trip.定语从句： We will go _ during the trip.Today，we will beginwe stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. (2010庆高考 )A whenB whereC howD what重·2方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有 as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后，其后 as if或 as though引导

20、的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。告诉你怎么做就怎么做，否则你将被解雇。Do _ you are told to, or you'll be fired.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。The old lady treats the boy as if he _ her own son.A is to B what C is to D “A对 B 而言如同C 对 D 一样。 ”空气之于人就如同水之于鱼一样重要。_Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at h

21、imhe had done something veryclever. (2011 湖南·高考 )A as ifB in caseC whileD thought3比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than, so (as) .as ., the more .the more .等引导。比 较从句部分常是省略句。我犯的错误比你犯的错误多。I have made a lot more mistakes _玛丽和彼得一样都是好学生。Mary is a student _According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to

22、die of skin cancer woman. (2009 江·西高考 ) A than B such C soD asa4原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句最常用的连词有 because, since, as, now that(既然 ), seeing that, considering that 等。(1)because, as, since和 for 表示原因的用法比较学习必备欢迎下载语气最强，表示听者未知的原因；引导的从句常放于句末；既可以用来回答why 的提问，because 又可以在强调句型中成为被强调的部分since语气次于 because引

23、导的从句，常表示稍加分析后推断出的原因或指的是人们已知的事实，一般译为“既然；鉴于” ，常置于句首as语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般放在句首forfor 是并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明他因为没有得到那个职位而失望。He is disappointed _ he didn't get the position.由于正下着雨，我不出去了。_ it is raining, I will not go out.既然没有人反对，我们就执行这个计划吧。_ no one is against, let's carry out the pl

24、an.地面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。It must have rained last night, _ the ground is wet.(2)when 还表示原因，意为“既然”；now (that)用来说明一种新情况，然后加推论，位于句首时，that可省略。既然你步行5 分钟就能轻松到那里，却打的，真够愚蠢的。It was foolish of you to take a taxi _ you could easily walk there in five minutes.既然每个人都在，我们开始吧。_everybody is here, let's begin.(3)seein

25、g that, considering that, in that 既然；考虑到 “”三者在一般情况下可以交换使用，但前两者中的 that 可以省略， in that 中的 that 不能省略。鉴于他如此年轻， 那是可以原谅的。 _ he is so young, that is excusable.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chairhe wanted to sit next to his wife.(2010 辽·宁高考 )A althoughB unlessC becauseD if5目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest 等。(1)in order that 与 so that两个连词意为“以便 ；为了 ”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词。so that 引导的结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词。为了能看到日出，我们很早就出发去了山顶。_we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak e