1819 Unit 2 Section Ⅱ　Language pointsⅠWelcometo the unitReading

1、Section Language points()(Welcometo the unit & Reading)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1It upset(使不高兴)him that he didnt know what the fact was.2When the boat sank(下沉)they had to swim for it.3There is no man that has no faults(过错)4They were frightened to hear the frightening(令人害怕的)sound.5Call the p

2、olice in the event of an emergency(紧急情况)6There may be a physical explanation for these strange happenings.7I think they played well and deserved the victory.8They are extremely gentle and friendly and very tolerant of children.9After three days without food，the men were close to starvation10Im afrai

3、d we cant come，but thank you for the invitation anyhow.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的frighten vt.使受惊；使害怕2behavio(u)r n行为，举止behave v表现，行为规矩3emergency n突发事件；紧急情况emergent adj.紧急的4explanation n解释，说明explain v解释5rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的rudeness n粗鲁，无礼adj.nessn.C(过去分词)A(原形)B(过去式)rudeness n粗鲁，无礼weakne

4、ss n弱点carelessness n粗心，大意beginbeganbegunsinksanksunkdrinkdrankdrunk.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1turn up 开大(音量)2a waste of 的浪费3cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事4be supposed to 应该5do with 处理6not .any more 不再7be hard on 对苛刻，对严厉8now that 既然；由于9in the form of 以的形式10instead of 代替；而不是.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1The smart boy is t

5、oo young.Dont be hard on him.2Now that you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents.3You are supposed to listen carefully in class to catch what the teacher says.4Wow，free movies！I cant wait to download some and watch them.5I cant hear the TV very well，could you turn it up?turnadv.动词短语v.ingv

6、.to be doneturn up开大；出现；露面turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn off关掉deserve v值得require v要求need v需要.经典句式仿写背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.房间一片狼藉，地板上是比萨饼盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。with pizza boxes.为with复合结构，在句中作状语，其构成为“with宾语介词短语”。The girl came in，with some roses

7、behind her back. 那女孩进来了，身后拿着一些玫瑰花。2.Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge！听我说，年轻人我们将这个家交给了你负责！leave sb./sth.介词短语，是“leave sb./sth.宾语补足语”结构，意为“使某人或某物处于什么状态”。Dont leave the dog in the bedroom. 不要让狗待在卧室里。3.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。have sth.done是“have宾语宾补”的一种复合结

8、构，意思是“使/让被”。Its time for you to have your hair cut. 你该剪头发了。4.We didnt think that you would let the house get so dirty.我们原以为你不会把房子搞得这么脏兮兮的。本句用了否定转移，将后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式。I dont think it is a good idea to play football in the street. 我认为在大街上踢足球不是个好主意。核 心 要 点 探 究 cant wait to迫不及待地做某事(教材P22)Yes

9、，I cant wait to surprise the boys!是呀，我迫不及待地要给儿子们一个惊喜呢！cant/couldnt/can hardly wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事cant wait for sth. 急切地等待某事物cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help/choose but do sth. 不得不做某事After the game，he cant wait to tell me the exciting result.比赛结束后，他迫不及待地要把这个令人兴奋的结果告诉我。I cant wait for the summe

10、r.我急切地等待夏天的到来。I cant help laughing(laugh)every time I think of the matter.每次一想起那件事，我就会忍不住笑起来。I have no choice but to wait(wait)here silently.我不得不静静地等在这儿。 frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的(教材P22)Mom！Dad！Youre back early！(looking around room，sounding frightened)妈妈！爸爸！你们这么早就回来了呀！(四下打量房间，语气惊慌地)(1)be frightened of

11、(doing) sth.害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth. 吓得不敢做某事be frightened that. 害怕be frightened to death 吓死(2)frighten vt. 使害怕，使恐惧(3)frightening adj. 令人害怕的I was frightened of being left by myself in the house.我害怕一个人被留在屋里。Dont shout or youll frighten the baby.别大声嚷，你会吓着孩子的。I was frightened to look(look) down f

12、rom the top of the tall building.从高楼顶上往下看，我感到害怕。They were frightened (frighten) to hear the frightening (frighten) sound.他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。 be supposed to应该，应当(教材P22)But，but.you werent supposed to come home until tomorrow!可是、可是你们应该明天才到家的呀！be not supposed to 不该be supposed to do sth. 被期望做某事，应该做某事be suppos

13、ed to be. 被相信是，被认为是名师点津was/were supposed to do sth.am/is/are supposed to have done sth.表示“本应该做某事，但事实上却没做”。This novel is supposed to be one of his best novels.这本小说被认为是他最好的小说之一。You were supposed to finish your homework on time.你理应按时完成作业的。Your homework is supposed to be handed(hand) in by Friday.你的作业应该

14、在星期五之前上交。Why are you still at home? You are supposed to have gone(go) to school.你怎么还在家？你本应该去学校了。 starve vi.挨饿；饿死 vt.使挨饿(教材P22)The money for dog food is gone，but Spot looks like he is starving!用来买狗食的钱不见了，可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了！(1)starve o (doing) sth.迫使某人做某事starve for 渴望；急需starve to death 饿死(2)starving a

15、dj. 饥饿的(3)starvation n. 饥饿，挨饿；饿死die of starvation 死于饥饿My heart bleeds for the starving children.我心里为这些挨饿的孩子感到悲痛。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他们在沙漠中迷了路，饥饿而死。Over three hundred people have died of starvation(starve)since the beginning of the year.从年初起，已有 300 多人饿死。Many children star

16、ve for love and knowledge.许多儿童渴望得到爱和知识。 (教材P22)The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.房间一片狼藉，地板上是比萨饼盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。【要点提炼】with pizza boxes.为with复合结构，在句中作状语，其构成为“with宾语介词短语”。with复合结构在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语，有时也可以作定语。其结构为：He likes to sleep with the door op

17、en.他喜欢开着门睡觉。With the road lights on，we didnt have to feel our way.路灯亮了，我们无需摸索着走路。With Tom helping(help)us，we finished the task soon.有汤姆帮助我们，我们很快就完成了那项任务。With all the things she needed bought(buy)，she went home happily.买了所需要的所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。With a lot of work to do(do)，he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多

18、工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 (教材P22)Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge!听我说，年轻人我们将这个家交给了你负责！【要点提炼】leave sb./sth.介词短语是“leave sb./sth.宾语补足语”结构，意为“使某人或某物处于什么状态”。此结构中，定语补足语可以是形容词、副词、分词、不定式、名词和介词复合结构等。Leave the door open and you can breathe the fresh air.开着门你就可以呼吸新鲜的空气。Dont leave the child by himself at home.不

19、要让这个孩子一个人待在家里。She left me waiting(wait)for two hours at the station.她让我在车站一直等了两个小时。Dont leave your work unfinished(finish)工作不要半途而废。 tolerate vt.容忍；允许(教材P22)We wont tolerate such behavior in our house!在我们家里可不能容忍这种行为！(1)tolerate doing sth.忍受做某事(2)tolerant adj. 忍受的，忍让的be tolerant towards sth./sb. 对容忍/宽

20、容I cant tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为了。The school cannot tolerate cheating in exams.学校不允许在考试中作弊。The government tolerates smoking(smoke) and drinking but not taking drugs.政府允许(人们)抽烟喝酒，但不允许他们吸毒。Be tolerant towards others flaws by way of love.以爱的方式看待别人的缺陷。 (教材P23)Daniel has his arm

21、s crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。(1)【要点提炼】句中的has his arms crossed 是have/has/had sth.done结构。其中have用作使役动词，意思是“使，让”，后面接复合宾语。have sth.done中过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词表示的动作构成被动关系。(1)have sth.done有三种含义：“让别人做某事”，强调主语的主观意志，相当于get sth.done。“遭遇某事”，强调宾语客观上遭受不幸的事。“使完成某事”，此事可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的。(2)have sb.do s

22、th.get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事(3)have sb./sth.doing 使某人/某物持续地做某事Ill have Tom show you to your room.我让汤姆带你去你的房间。I dont like to wash clothes，so I always have my clothes washed.我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗。I had my watch stolen(steal)last night.昨晚我的手表被偷了。The boss had the workers working(work)day and night.老板让工人们夜以继

23、日地干活。名师点津(1)have sb.doing 用于否定句时，have 表示“容忍”之意，could not have sb.doing sth.意为“不允许某人做某事”。(2)have还可用于have sth.to do 结构，该结构中have 作“有”讲，不定式作定语。语境助记Yesterday，Jack had his hair cut.However，when he returned home，he found he had had his document stolen.He was so worried because his boss would have him work

24、on weekends if he lost it.昨天，杰克(请人给他)理发了。但是，当他回到家时，他发现他的文件被偷了。他非常着急，因为如果他丢失了这份文件，他的老板会让他周末工作的。(2)upset adj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望(1)be upset with sb.生某人的气，对某人感到不快be upset about/over sth. 对某事感到失望/烦恼(2)It upsets sb.that. 让某人心烦的是It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人失望I was so upset that I felt like crying.我心烦意乱，

25、很想哭。Dont be upset about itno harm has been done.不要为那事烦恼，没有造成损失。It upsets(upset) him that nobody has bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。You are not still upset with me，are you?你不再生我的气了，对吧？ defend vt.辩解；辩白；防御，保护(教材P23)They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.他们压根儿就不给我一个辩解的机会。(1)

26、defend sb.from/against.使某人免受defend oneself 自卫(2)in defence of 为了保卫，为辩护They defended very well in the game.在那场比赛中他们防守得很好。I defended myself with a stick when the dog came at me.那条狗向我扑来时我用棍子自卫。I have to say in defence(defend)of her that she knew nothing about it.我得为她说句话，她对此事一无所知。The brave mother defend

27、ed her son from the mad dog.勇敢的母亲保护儿子使他免遭疯狗的袭击。 deserve vt.值得；应得；应受(教材P23)They dont deserve an explanation.他们不配得到解释。deserve sth.值得某事deserve to do sth. 值得做某事deserve doing sth.sth.deserve to be done 值得做某事You have been working all morning so you deserve a rest.你已经工作了一上午应该休息一下。Your suggestion deserves c

28、onsidering.你的建议值得考虑。The young man deserved praising/to be praised(praise)这个年轻人值得表扬。The team deserves to win(win)the match.这个队该赢得比赛。 be hard on对苛刻，对严厉(教材P23)Do you think we were too hard on Daniel?你觉得我们刚才对丹尼尔是不是太苛刻了呢？be strict with对严格(人)be strict in 对严格(物)be cruel to 对残酷be kind to 对友好Teachers are usu

29、ally hard on their students.老师们通常对他们的学生很严厉。Everyone should be kind to each other in our society.社会上人人都应该友善。The companys boss are very hard on his workers.那家公司的老板对他的员工很苛刻。They were always very strict with their children.他们对子女一向十分严格。 now that既然；由于(教材P23)Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us，I f

30、eel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us.也许吧，可是既然他对我们那么粗鲁无礼，那我觉得我们有必要教训教训他，要不然他不会尊重我们的。其他表示原因的连词或介词短语：(1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因，语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问)(2)since 因为；既然(可与now that互换)(3)as 因为(语气较弱)(4)for 因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明)Now that you are here，why not have a drink?既然你来了，为什么不喝一杯呢？As it

31、was late，we came back soon.因为天晚了，我们很快就回来。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.因为地面很湿，所以昨晚一定下过雨。We cant go out because it is too cold.天太冷了，我们不能出去。名师点津now that既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。解构长句难句1Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.【分析】该句是

32、一个主从复合句，主句是Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier；than expected是than they are expected的省略句式(是比较状语从句)，该结构为“连词分词”形式，使用该结构时，主从句的主语是一致的或从句主语是it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词。【翻译】妈妈和爸爸外出度假，比预期的时间提前一天返回家中。2And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him，and that is why we had no time to clean the ho

33、use.【分析】句中第一个that是承接上文Eric的话中“if they knew”的，引导的是宾语从句，从句中使用了spend.doing结构；第二个that指代前面所述的情况，why引导的是表语从句，其中不定式to clean the house作time的定语。【翻译】还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整天等小斑点，正因为如此，我们才没有时间打扫房子随 堂 效 果 落 实.语境填词根据语境在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1I am frightened(fright)that he may have got lost in the mountain.2We found the house easily with the boy leading (lead)the way.3She bent down immediately to cut the grass.4We said much in defence(defend)of his action.5These old b