必修三unit1 grammarb3u1 语法

1、Modal Verb I Modal Verb I Unit 1Unit 1There are things that must be doneThat are not yet begunThings that I must doWhen I want to be with youAlthough were far apartYoure with me in my heartNo one else will doI just want to be with youI want to be with youCant you hear me?I need you near meI want to

2、be with youI need you near me, my loveThe two of us are oneMother of my sonNo one else will doI just want to be with youI want to be with youCan you hear me?I need you near meI want to be with youI need you near me, my love The BONZO DOG BAND are a band created by a group of British art-school deniz

3、ens of the 1960s. They combined elements of music hall, trad jazz, psychedelic rock, and avant-garde art.Read the text again and pay attention to modal verbs like may, might, will, would, can, could, shall, should and must.情态动词表示说话人的某种情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要

4、、可以、必须、应当必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)Ability: 1 He can speak English now. 能力能力 2 He couldnt speak English a year ago. 3 Im not able to come to the game on Friday.Permission: All passengers may now board.允许允许 We can board now.Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts. 义务义务

5、 (strong) You should pay attention. (weak) You ought to pay attention.Possibility: 1 It may rain. 可能性可能性 2 How could I forget an important thing like that? 3 He cant /couldnt have known the result.Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to.=must is abl

6、e tospeak English =can is allowed to.=may is supposed to=should 情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词情态动词 不能单独做谓语不能单独做谓语(除除ought 和和have外外) 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式也有一般式 和过去式的变化。和过去式的变化。只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared可情态可助动

7、词的可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used to3. 情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。 1. can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. 表示体力或脑力的表示体力或脑力的能力能力： eg. The girl can dance very well. B. 表示说话者的推测表示说话者

8、的推测事物的事物的可能性可能性: （一般用于否定句和疑问句中）（一般用于否定句和疑问句中） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口语中在口语中, can可以表示可以表示请求或允许请求或允许： eg. Can I sit here? can和和could2. could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示与过去表示与过去 有关有关的能力和推测的能力和推测: eg. We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求, 但

9、语气较但语气较can委婉委婉:eg. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike?3. can/could have done可能做过可能做过/本可以本可以 cant /couldt have done 不可能做过不可能做过 eg. They cant have gone out because the light is still on.may 常用来表示：常用来表示： A. 表示请求、允许表示请求、允许： 比比can较为正式较为正式: eg. May I come in ? You may go now. B. 表示说话

10、人的猜测表示说话人的猜测: “也许也许” “可可能能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。may和和might eg. -I believe the man is from England. -But I may be wrong. The guest may arrive this afternoon. 在肯定句中，在肯定句中，may 的可能性比的可能性比can 高，高，may 表示现实的可能性，表示现实的可能性，can 表示理论表示理论上的可能性。上的可能性。 在疑问句中，表示可能性用在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。 如：如：Where can he be? 他会在

11、哪呢？他会在哪呢？ C. 表示祝愿表示祝愿; 但语气较正式但语气较正式: eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! might 的用法有的用法有: 1.多在间接引语中表示多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和过去的可能和允许允许。如。如: She said that he might take her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。 2.表示现在的可能，其可能性要比表示现在的可能，其可能性要比 may 小。如：小。如： He might go home tomorrow. 说不定他明天会回家。说不定他明天会

12、回家。 3.表示现在的许可，语气比表示现在的许可，语气比may 较委婉，较委婉， （一般用于疑问句一般用于疑问句 ） 如如: Might I have a word with you? 我可以和你说句话吗？我可以和你说句话吗？will和和would will/would 表请求表请求 (would 语气比语气比will委婉委婉) Will you tell her that Im here? 请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？ Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？请您帮助我们，好吗？Id go there with you. 我要和你

13、一块到那儿去。我要和你一块到那儿去。 Your teacher wouldnt allow it. 老师不会允许这件事。老师不会允许这件事。（表意愿）（表意愿）（表许可）（表许可）shall和和should 1. shall用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。 2. shall用于征求对方的意见（一，三人称）用于征求对方的意见（一，三人称） e.g:Shall we put off the sports meeting until next month? Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? 3.shall 用于二，三人称的陈述句中，表示用于二，

14、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 e.g:You shall fail if you dont work hard. He shall have the new book when I finish reading that one.（警告）（警告）（允诺）（允诺） should表示义务、建议、劝告表示义务、建议、劝告，意为意为 “应该应该”。 “should+ have+过去分词过去分词” 表示本应该在过去做但没有做。表示本应该在过去做但没有做。 eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺

15、言。你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。她应该通过考试的。1. He must have gone to Beijing.2. The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.3. They may be still waiting for us.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the mood. 他一定已经去北京了。他一定已经去北京了。门是锁着的，门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家

16、。所以她不可能在家。他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。4. He might have read about the news in the newspaper.5. You should have told him a week ago.6. Can you give me some suggestions? 7. They wanted to know when you would go to the park. 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你能给我一些建议吗？你能给我一些建议吗？他们

17、想知道你们什么时候去公园。他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。 1. A: _(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友 去去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may.2. A: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)? B: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武汉可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our t

18、eacher _ (想必在批改想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定下雨了肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother _ _ (一定一直在找你一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you7. Philip _ _(可能在车可能在车 祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤). 8. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She

19、 _ (可能上班可能上班) by bus.9. Mike _ (一定还没有找回一定还没有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundseriously in the car accident1. -_ I go out to play, mum? -No, you_. You should do your homework first. A. Might; wouldnt B. May; had better

20、not C. Must; mustnt D. Need; mustntExerciseExercise 2. -Where is Emma? -I cant say for sure where she is, but she_ be out shopping. A. can B. should C. must D. may3. The room is in a terrible mess; it _ cleaned. A. cant have been B. couldnt be C. may have been D. would be4. There _ be any difficulty

21、 about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004 上海）上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need2 Whats the name？ Khulaifi. _

22、I spell that for you？（？（2006 北京）北京） A. Might B. Would C. Can D. Shall 3 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours. （2006 湖南）湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 4 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006 江西）江西） A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken5 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2007 全国全国I） A. will B. would C. should D. must 6