(完整版)研究生英语汉译英

1、第一次翻译：复兴号高铁9 月 21 日， “复兴号”中国标准动车组在京沪高铁实现时速350 公里运营，标志着我国成为世界上高铁商业运营速度最高的国家。 当动车组在时速350 公里的高速状态下运行时，90%左右的阻力来自空气，动车组的动力输出几乎都消耗在与空气的对抗上了。与之前的动车相比，复兴号提升了车头的气动性能。 整车运行阻力降低12%，人均百公里能耗下降17%，当它以时速350 公里运行时人均百公里能耗仅3.8 。复兴号”整车安装了达2500 多个传感器，对列车振动、轴承温度、牵引制动系统状态、车厢环境等进行监测。 “复兴号”从北京到上海跑一趟，单程1318公里，记录的数据达300 多兆。

2、相比之下， 73 万字的电子版红楼梦所占数据空间仅有1.7 兆。“复兴号” 的网络控制系统首次引入了高速以太网数据传输和维护网络， 传 输带宽由 1 兆级提升到了 100 兆级。“复兴号”网络控制系统，包括硬件和软件都是自主研发。为了提高碰撞防护能力， 复兴号还增设了碰撞吸能装置。 该装置能吸收碰撞产生的能量，从而为乘员提供安全保障。 “复兴号”的碰撞防护系统，设计吸能容量达 6.8 兆焦，这一指标达到国际领先水平。由于车头的流线型设计和新型隔音材料，复兴号非常安静。当“复兴号”以时速 350 公里高速运行时，旅客听到的噪声最大仅为 65 分贝。 参考译文：The Fuxing (or Rej

3、uvenation) high-speed train, which operates between Beijing and Shanghai, switched to a higher speed of 350 kilometers per hour on Sept 21, making the locally/independently developed bullet train one of the fastest train services in the world.When the bullet train runs at 350 km/h, 90 percent of the

4、 resistance comes from the air. Compared with previous versions/models of bullet trains in China, the Fuxing train has an improved aerodynamic performance. The resistance has been reduced by 12 percent and the energy consumption per 100 kilometers per capita has been cut by 17 percent. It is equival

5、ent to a reduction of 5,000 kilowatts of electricity on a Beijing to Shanghai trip. More than 2,500 detectors are installed on the Fuxing bullet train to monitor the vibration, temperature of bearings, traction and break systems as wellas the environment in carriages. In a single trip from Beijing a

6、nd Shanghai, a distance of 1,318 kilometers, more than 300 megabytes of data will be recorded through these detectors, compared with 1.7 megabytes of datacontained in a digital edition of the classic novel A Dream of Red Mansion.Also, the bullet train for the first time introduced high-speed Etherne

7、t data transmission and network maintenance in the network control system, with the bandwidth expanding from 1-megabyte level to 100-megabyte level. And the whole network control system, hardware and software included, are entirely designed by China. To boost the anti-collision ability, the train is

8、 equipped with impact energy absorption devices. The devices are able to absorb the energy generated from collision, thus keeping the passengers safe. The absorption capacity of Fuxing's anti-collision system reaches 6.8 megajoule, a world-leading level.The Fuxing train is also very quiet. The l

9、oudest noise a passenger can hear at the speed of 350 km/h is 65 decibel, thanks to the streamlined design of train's head and new sound-proof materials.第二次翻译：汉语热汉语热已经成为全球语言交际系统中的一种普遍现象。据统计，目前全世界 94 个国家和地区开设了 300多所孔子学院和300多个孔子课堂。全球学习汉语的人 数已超过4000万人。事实上，目前海外正在掀起的汉语热，一方面是由于中国 经济迅速发展带来的民族自信心的上升，另一方

10、面也是全球化形势下跨文化交流 需求与日俱增的效应所致。参考译文：Mandarin fever has become a common sense in the global language communication system. According to the statistics, currently more than 300 confucius institutes and confucius classrooms have been established in the world's 94 countries and regions, and the number o

11、f the people learning Mandarin has been over 40 million. Actually, currently overseas is stirring up the study of Chinese language, which can be attributed to the upgrade of national confidence brought by rapid development of Chinese economy as well as the increasing requirements of cross-cultural c

12、ommunication under the situation of the globalization.第三次翻译：电子书电子书(e-book)通常指数字化出版物，它可以包含文字、图片、声音、影像或 几者兼有。现在人们经常使用智能手机(smartphone)平板电脑(tablet )或 者专门为电子书制造的电子阅读器来阅读电子书。电子书内容丰富，便于存储， 而且价格低廉，有助于阅读的普及。从传统意义上讲，电子书是纸质书的电子化， 但现在许多电子书并没有纸质的对应物。电子书以数字形式存储，因此人们随时都可以阅读。2012年，美国电子书的销量首次超过精装书(hardcover book )。参

13、考译文：E-books generally refer to digitized publications. They can include words, pictures, sounds, images, or a combination of two or more. Nowpeople often read e-books with smartphones, tablets, or e-books readersthat arespecially made for e-books. E-books have colorful contents and are convenient to

14、 store. Their prices are cheap and they are conductive to the popularity of reading. E-books are traditionally believed as an electronic version of the printed books. but now many e-books exist without any printed equivalent. E-books are stored digitally, so they can be read at any time. In 2012,e-b

15、ooks sales in the United States surpassed hardcover book sales for the first time.电子由版? 原文：电子出版(electronic publishing)原本只在科学领域较为普遍，但如今它有了更为丰富的内涵(connotation)。电子出版包括电子书、数字报纸、数字期刊、 数字图书馆等等。目前大部分的电子出版都是通过互联网实现的，但也有一小部分电子出版物并不依赖互联网进行传播。速度是电子出版一项最突出的优势，同时，由于制作这些出版物无需印刷，可以节约大量的资源。一项市场调查显示， 到2015年底，世界上近一半的

16、期刊和报纸的出版将实现数字化。参考译文：Originally, electronic publishing was common only in scientific field, but now it has a richer connotation. Electronic publishing includes electronic books, digital newspapers and magazines, digital libraries and so forth. Nowadays, most of the electronic publishing is achieved b

17、ased on the Internet, but there are also a few electronic publications whose distribution does not rely on the Internet. Speedis the most distinctive advantage of electronic publishing. Meanwhile, since the publications need not to be printed, a lot of resources can be saved. A market research sugge

18、sts that half of the publication of all magazines and newspapers in the world will be digitalized by the end of 2015.裸婚原文：裸婚(down-to-earth marriage )是一种新的结婚方式，指的是一对恋人没有房子、没有车、不办婚礼、不度蜜月甚至没有婚戒，只领取结婚证( marriage certificate) 的结婚方式。这种形式的结婚最低成本只有 9元钱。现代年轻人的 生活压力较大，而且强调爱情的独立，必须有房再结婚或者大肆操办婚事的传统 在年轻一代中被削弱。许多

19、人都相信裸婚是两个人纯粹爱情的有力见证。有社会 学家认为，裸婚是一种打破旧观念束缚的结婚方式。参考译文：suggested translation 1Down-to-earth MarriageAs a new way of getting married, down-to-earth marriage meansthat a couple marries each other by only applying for a marriage certificate withoutan apartment, a car, a wedding ceremony, a honeymoon, or e

20、ven a wedding ring. This form of marriage can cost as little as only nine yuan. As young people in modern times live under great pressure and place emphasis on the independence of love, the tradition that “an apartment is a must for marriage ” and “wedding ceremony should be held on a grand scale ”

21、has weakened among the young generation. Many people believethat adown-to-earth marriage is a testament to the pure love between the couple. Socialists believe that down-to-earth marriage is a kind of marriage that breaks the obstacles of old concept of marriage. suggested translation 2 Down-to-eart

22、h marriage is a newmanner of marriage, which meanstow lovers only apply for marriage certificate to get married, without a house, a car, a wedding ceremony, a honeymoon, or even wedding rings. This type of marriage can cost as little as only 9 yuan. Modern young people are leading a life under great

23、 pressure, and they emphasize the independence of their love. As a result, the traditions that“a house is a must formarriage " and that “wedding ceremony should be a grand occasion ” are less-stressed in the marriages of the young generation manypeople believe that the manner of down-to-earth m

24、arriage is a strong evidence of the pure love between two lovers. Socialists believe that down-to-earth marriage is a kind of marriage that breaks the shackles of old concept of marriage.自驾游? 原文：自驾游(self-driving tour) 属于自助游的一种类型，是近年来我国新兴的旅游 方式，以自由、灵活、富有个性化等突出特点被旅游者接受和喜爱。自驾游在选 择目的地、参与旅程设计和体验自由等方面，给旅游

25、者提供了极大的灵活性，与传统的参团旅游(group tour )相比具有自身的特点和魅力。随着自驾旅游 者 增多，自驾游市场已经成形，越来越多的旅行社、汽车俱乐部、汽车租赁公司(car rental companies )看好这个市场，并涉足这一市场的开发。参考译文： Self driving tour,a sort of self help travel,is a new travel mode in China in recent years. It has won traveler's acceptance and love for its striking characteri

26、stic s of being free,flexible and personalized.It provides travelers with great flexibility in selectingtarget place,participating in devising travel procedures and experiencing freedom,which endows it with its own characteristics and charm compared with traditional group tour.As selfdriving tourist

27、sincrease,self driving tour market has taken shape.More and more travel agencies,car clubs and car rental companies are optimistic about this market and get involved in the development of the market.作文 - 二胎问题要 求 ： Directions:Write an essay of 120-150 words based on thefollowing drawing. In your essa

28、y, you should1) describe the drawing briefly.2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (100 points) 范文：Emerging from the cartoon is an eye-catching scene that the parents are willing to have a second child, while their only child do not agree

29、because of his worry that he doesn't want to have another child, even his own sibling, share toys with him. Simple as it is, the symbolic meaning revealed is profound and thought-provoking.Weare supposed to place our attention on, instead of its funny appearance, the implied meaning of the carto

30、on: as the overall second-child policy expands throughout China, some only children are so selfish that they cannot accept the second child in their family. What can account for this undesirable situation? For one thing, they, as the only child at homeall the time, have no awareness of sharing what

31、they like with others due to the fact that all the family members give their love to the only child.As a result, when faced with the problem of whether they are willing to have a sibling, their first response is to refuse it. For another reason, some couples are eager to have a second child as soon

32、as possible, which makesthem neglect to communicate with their only child to let them realize the advantage of having a sibling companion in their childhood.Fromwhat has been discussed above, it's safe for me to conclude that it is urgent to take some immediate and effective measures. What I rec

33、ommend is that parents should let child knowthe importance of sharing with others, which is beneficial for them in future life. In addition, it's better for parents to have more communication with their only child once they want to have a second child.手机控 Smartphone addiction 要求：随着手机功能日益增多， 越来越多

34、的年轻人沉迷于手机娱乐活动， 成为“手机控” 一族，对此你是如何看呢，请阐述你的观点。范文：Do you check your smartphone frequently? Do you feel distracted if your smartphone is not with you? When there s no wife or signal for your smartphone, will you get irritated? If you say yes, then you ve gotaddiction to smart phones. Smartphone addiction

35、 is a phenomenon that causes a lot of troubles to people. In the first place, it may cause some problems to your health, such as visual fatigue, cervical spondylosis, and even neurasthenia. A friend of mine suffers from a serious spine collapse due to her addiction to smartphones during pregnancy. S

36、econdly, if you keep playing with your phone whenyou are with your friends or family, you will spend less time talking to them. In fact, it is they who needand deserve to be cared for. Lastly, an excessive reliance on smartphones may weaken your interpersonal skills. When you cannot find a place, you consult your GPSinstead of consul