英语必修二U基础词汇重难点讲解拓展提升含答案

1、必修二. Unit 3: Computers基础 知能 回扣一. 核心词汇1重点单词：1探索；探测vt.&vi.8计算vt.2普遍的；通用的；宇宙的adj.9材料n.3电子的adj.10就个人而言；亲自adj.4发信号vt.&vi.；信号n.11真实；事实；现实n.5出现；发生vi.12合逻辑的；合情理的adj.6工艺；科技；技术n.13智力；聪明；智能n.7优点；有利条件n.14解决；解答vt.2以适当词形填空：1) Well take a voyage of _. (explore)2) Columbus discovered America but did not _ t

2、he new continent. (explore)3）Theyre making _ medical tests. (explore)4）Television provides _ entertainment. (universe)5）There are lots of stars in the _. (universe)6 Don't judge by _ can be misleading. (appear)7) He promised to be here at four o'clock but didn't _ until six. (appear)二. 高

3、频短语.1.按照顺序; 挨次整齐_ 2.次序紊乱_3.人工智能_ 4.非常喜爱，醉心于_5.进行的研究_ 6.实现，达到_7.从某种程度上说_ 8.挡住路, 妨碍, 多余的_9.迷路, 迷失方向; 误入歧途_ 10. 看守，照管，监视_三. 重点句式. 1. With the help of computer, you may not find it hard to deal with and share information. (it做形式宾语) 在电脑的帮助下，你会发现处理和分享信息是不难的。 2. This will cost a lot of money, but after all

4、, it is worth buying a computer for every teacher. 为每位老师购置一台电脑要花费很多钱，但毕竟这很值得。 3. If a new situation arises, they will make up new programmes. 如果出现新的情况，他们会补充新的程序。 4. Personally, I think the team who won first place cheated. 就我个人而言，我认为赢得第一名的那支队作弊。 5. It is generally believed that IT has both advantage

5、s and disadvantages. 人们普遍认为信息技术既有优点又有缺点。 6. In a way, her English has improved but there is still a long way to go. 从某种程度上看，她的英语有所进步，但对她来说，学好英语道路还很长。 7. In common with my teammates , I enjoy staying home reading novels when I am on holiday.（现在分词做状语. 和我的同伴们一样，放假时，我喜欢呆在家里看小说。 8. However, people though

6、t I was simple-minded until they discovered I had “artificial intelligence”. 可是人们本来以为我头脑简单，直到发现我有人工智能时，他们才不这么想了。 9. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. 人们普遍认为第一台电脑是查尔斯巴比奇发明的。 10. The door wont open anyway. 这门无论如何也打不开。 11. As the years have gone by, computers

7、have been made smaller and smaller. 一年又一年过去了，电脑被制造得越来越小。四. 课文完形: Over time I have been changed a lot. I could 1 (简化) difficult sums when I began 2 a calculating machine. After I was programmed by an operator, I could 3 (logic) produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it 4 (consider) a

8、 5 ( 技术的) revolution. In 1936, I could solve difficult problems as a 6 (universe) machine. From then on, my memory has developed so much 7 I never forget 8 I have been told. Since the 1970s, many new applications have been found for me. For example, I have been sent to explore the Moon. 9 , my goal

9、is 10 (provide) humans with a life of high quality. 五. 单词拼写:1Dry wood b_ easily. 2The manager of the cinema sent me some f_ tickets for Titanic this morning. 3Only forty p_ of the children go to school in the village. 4They are busy g_ seeds in the fields. 5I asked the boy to f_ me the morning paper

10、. 6A computer can solve many m_ problems.7. P_, I think the team who won first place cheated.8. The 21st century is the century of information t_.9. I think we can work together to c_ an even better system.10. Computers are used to c_ with each other around the world by the Internet.11. He is quite

11、clever a boy though he looks s_.12. In the past 20 years, my hometown has t_ changed.13. If any problem a_, please tell me.14. Has Edward _ (计算) the result?15. The environment pollution is a _ (普遍) problem.六.选词填空make up take action in the 90s in ones fifties have sth in common deal with after all ta

12、ke advantage of with the help of as a result from then on1. They had a lot _ and became good friends very soon.2. How are you going to _ such problems?3. Dont blame him. _, he is a child.4. He soon _ the lessons he missed.5. Why didnt you _ to put out the fire?6. It is not rare in _ (九十年代) that peop

13、le in _ (五十多岁)are going to university for further education.7._ she knew she would win. 8. In spring, we usually set the clock one hour ahead to_the daylight.9. _, he had to leave.10._ his parents, he finished his homework soon.七.句型巩固1.在我看来，这食物不够。_ _ _, the food is not enough. 2.昨天他参加了智力考试。 Yesterda

14、y, he took an i_ test. 3.他不知道该怎么对付他那顽皮的儿子。 He dont know how to _ _ his naughty son. 4.你的胃痛并不令人惊奇，毕竟你吃得太多了。Its not surprising youve got stomachache. _ _ you have eaten too much. 5.他们彼此毫无共同点。 They have nothing in _ with one another. 6.随着时间的推移， 和许多青年人一样，他也开始喜欢上流行音乐。 （go by, in common with）_7.毕竟，在老师的帮助下

15、，他最终成功了。 （after all, with ones help）_8. 尽管这双胞胎兄弟长得很象， 但他们的兴趣极少有相同之处。（have in common）_9. 在某种程度上遵循指示并非一件易事。 （in a way, follow）_10. 不管怎么样，我们还是回到我的历史去吧。_二、根据中文完成句子。（一空一词，一空两分，共52分）1. Though they are twins, they _ _ _ _. 虽然他们是双胞胎， 但是他们毫无相似之处。2. At that time it _ _ a technological revolution.那时这被认为是一次技术革命

16、。3. He hadnt studied hard. _ _ _，he failed the exam.他没有努力学习，结果，考试不及格。4. _ _ _，modern technology is shaping peoples characters.在某种程度上，现代科技正在塑造人们的性格。5.They _ _ _by three policemen. 他们被三个警察监视着。6.How are you going to _ _ the water pollution of the area? 你打算怎么处理这个地区的水污染问题？7. As time _ _, my memory seems

17、to get worse. 随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎变差了。8. _ _ _ _Jack, I have made a progress in English. 在杰克的帮助下，我的英语取得了进步。9. We have written a lot of emails on the computer in the past year. （改成被动语态）A lot of emails _ _ _ on the computer in the past year by us.八. 单句改错1.The machine is used to working for man. 2.She marri

18、ed the man because what he had done for her. 3.A hundred of people attended the meeting last night. 4.Tell me how long she will be back, in ten days or a week? 5.What did you do in the evening of May Day? 6.“You will be late for school unless you will get up at five.”said mother. 7.It is much easy t

19、o make plans than to carry them out. 8.Thanks the teachers help, I have made great progress in my English study. 9.People both at home and abroad have been great helped by the new computer. 10.The computer is an useful machine that can do many things for us. 九.单元同步单项选择（语法专练）:1. In the past two years

20、 Jack_ great progress in maths. ( )A. made B. had made C. was making D. has made 2. We_ good friends for years. ( )A. are B. have C. have been D. would become 3. Paul doesn't have to be made_ , he always works hard. ( )A. learn B. to learn C. leaned D. leaning 4. If city noises_ from increasing,

21、 people_ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. ( )A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 5. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself_. ( )A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 6. Is

22、there any cake_ on the plate? ( )A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. to left 7. The old people_ in this place. ( )A. are taken good care of B. are looking after C. was looked after D. are taken good care 8. _ of us are going to the park for play. ( )A. No one B. None C. Either D. Nobody 9. I was born

23、in Wuhan but _ in Nanjing and now I work as a teacher in Shanghai. ( )A. grew up B. was grown up C. grow up D. am growing up 10. They picked leaves from the tree and_. ( )A. fed some little white worms to them B. fed some little white worms on themC. fed them with some D. fed them by some little whi

24、te worms11. _ the 6:00 train, he got up very early that morning. ( )A. So as to catch B. In order catch C. To catch D. In order to caught 12. The heavy rain went on three whole days and many poor houses were _by water from the hills. ( )A. washed clean B. wash in C. washing away D. washed away 13. W

25、e tried to stop _ spreading. ( )A. the fire's B. the fire's from C. the fire D. the fire for 14. Some of the students like the film. The rest _ it. ( )A. is not interested in B. are not interested in C. is preferred D. are preferred 15. Tom had to borrow some money from his friends _he could

26、 buy a car.( )A. which B. so that C. so as to D. in order to 16. I'll take my share of money; the _yours. ( )A. other are B. other is C. rest are D. rest is 17. I wouldn't like to wear a hat_ the shade. ( )A. or in B. or stand in C. and in D. and stand in 18. He was reading a magazine while

27、walking and he almost_. ( )A. knocked me down B. knocked down me C. knocked me off D. knocked off me 19. Nobody _allowed _in hospitals. ( )A. are, smoking B. are, to smoke C. is , smoking D. is , to smoke 20. Ninety percent of the textbooks_ sent to the school on time. ( )A. have B. has C. have been

28、 D. has been 21 Keep the coats away from the fire _ they wont be _. A so that, burntB such that, burnedC unless, burningD if, burned22 The students are not allowed to _ much time watching TV.A payB spendC haveD take23 Im thirsty. Could you _ me a cup of tea?A bringB takeC fetchD carry24 The solider

29、died _ First World War. A during theB in aC at theD during25 If the boss _ you are doing that youll get _ trouble. A sees, intoB see, inC will see, / D saw, to Unit 3 Computers学案语言要点单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. personal / private / individual2. after all/above all/at all/in all3. type / kind /so

30、rt4. deal with/do with（未调顺序）词形变化（未调顺序）1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的；宇宙的3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现appearance  n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观重点单词1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条

31、件3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标4.signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与通讯 5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现； 发生重点词组1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看4. make up化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）重点句子1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow larg

32、er!2. However，this reality also worried my designers重点语法现在完成时的被动语态 （见语法部分） 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. personal / private / individual 【解释】personal 指属于或关于某人或某些特定的人，以区别于其他人。private 指属于私人所有或具有私营性质，以区别于集体或公共的，有时含不公开的意味。individual 与集体的相对，指个别或个体的。 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Will you do it for me as a _ favour?2

33、). If you go to a _ hospital, you must pay.3). We traveled together, but each _ bought his own ticket. 2. after all/above all/at all/in all 【解释】after all意为“毕竟”“尽管”“到底”“究竟”；above all 意为“最重要的是”“尤其是”；at all一般用在否定句中，用以加强否定语气。at all用在疑问句、条件句中，起强调作用，意为“真的”“确实”“竟然”等。另外，not at all用来表示“不用谢”；in all表示“总共”“总计”。

34、【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). So you see，I was right _. 2). _，he wanted to succeed. 3). It will do you no harm _. 4). We visited, _, 20 universities in the US. 3. type / kind /sort【解释】1）kind系普通用语，其含义较模糊，它所指的种类可用任何标准区分，但着重以事物的自然属性和内在性质为标准来区分。2）type常和换用kind，但在表示动植物的种类,以及牌类游戏时，不能用type代替3）sort也为普通用语，比kind更口语

35、化，其概念同kind一样很不严密，两者常可互换， 但sort常掺杂说话人的主观色彩，带有轻蔑与贬低的含义。如：We talked of all sorts of subjects.我们谈了各种话题。These sorts of people are ready to eat anywhere.这种人总是走到哪里吃到哪里。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Hes quite a pleasant _, really.2). All _ of difficulties have to be overcome.3). Ill never do this _ of thing.4）Th

36、ere are different _ of animals in Shanghai Wild Animal Park.4.deal with/do with【解释】deal with和do with二者可译为“处理”，但在特殊疑问句中, do with与what配合使用，而deal with与how配合使用。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). How would you _ an armed burglar?2). What have you _ my umbrella? 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险

37、exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的；宇宙的3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现appearance  n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) Well take a voyage of _. (explore)2) Columbus discovered America but did not _ the new continent. (exp

38、lore)3） Theyre making _ medical tests. (explore)4） Television provides _ entertainment. (universe)5） There are lots of stars in the _. (universe)6） Don't judge by _ can be misleading. (appear)7) He promised to be here at four o'clock but didn't _ until six. (appear) 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.

39、 sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和典例1). He was fined the sum of 200. 他被处以200英镑罚金。2). The sum of 5 and 3 is 8. 5加3的和是8。重点用法in sum简言之; 总而言之sum sb/sth up形成对某人某事物的看法 练习 中译英1). 总之, 计划告吹了。_2). 我认为她是个很能干的经理。2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件典例 1). He has the advantage of a steady job. 他有工作稳定的有利条件。2). They took full advantage o

40、f the hotel's facilities. 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。重点用法take advantage of 对加以利用；欺骗to sb.s advantage 对某人有利have /get/win an advantage over （of）胜过；优于练习 中译英1).协议对我们有利。_2).她利用了我的慷慨。_3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标典例 1). He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门2). We won by three goals to one 以三比一获胜。3). Youd better s

41、et a goal before you start. 开始前最好设定一个目标。重点用法score/kick a goal 得踢进一球得一分keep goal守球门life goal/ ones goal in life生活目标achieve / realize ones goal实现目标练习 中译英1).他已经实现了他的目标。_2).我的人生目标是帮助他人。_4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与通讯典例 1). A red light is usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。2).

42、He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu. 他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。 重点用法signal to sb/sth for sth 用信号传达（某信息）; 用信号与（某人）通讯signal with用发信号练习 中译英1).铁路红灯亮了, 所以火车停下了。_2).他用红旗发信号。_5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现； 发生典例 1). A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。2). Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。重点用法ar

43、ise from /out of由引起；由产生练习 中译英1). 夜间起风暴了。_2). 由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。_ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的典例I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。短语归纳have nothing in common 无共同之处 have little in common 几乎无共同之处have something in common 有一些共同之处 have a lot in common 有许多共同之处练习 中译英1). 这个词常用吗?_2). 她已和许

44、多人一起申请参加训练。_2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说典例 1). In a way, his English has improved. 从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。短语归纳in the way 造成阻碍 on the/ones way (to) 在(去)的路上by the way 顺便提一下 in no way 决不all the way 自始自终;完全地in this way 用这种方法与in a way同义的词组有in on

45、e way 和in some ways。练习 中译英1). 从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。 _2). 看来你的自行车挡着道了。_3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看典例 1). Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗?2). He felt that God was watching over him. 他感觉到上帝保佑着他. 短语归纳watch out (for) 当心; 注意watch for sb./sth. 观察等待keep a watch on 监视 under th

46、e close watch 在严密的监视下练习 中译英1). 他们等待着进一步的发展。_2). 小心! 汽车来了。_4. make up化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）典例1). She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。2). Stop making things up! 不要胡编了!短语归纳make up for补偿be made up of = consist of由组成make for有利于，有助于；走向；冲向make it及时赶到，办成功make it up和解；讲和make known使知晓；传达make out理解；懂得；辨认出练习 中译英1).社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。_2).她总是浓妆艳抹的。_ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wo