doing作状语（课堂PPT）

1、11.作表语作表语2.作定语作定语现现在在分分词词3.作宾补作宾补4.作状语作状语2三三.V-ing作表语作表语We are learning English.The story is interesting.My job is teaching English.动名词作表语动名词作表语现在分词作表语现在分词作表语动词进行时动词进行时=Teaching English is my job.动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。表语和主语的位置可互换。3His hobby is painting.The news is inspiring.区别动名词与现在分

2、词：区别动名词与现在分词： 动名词动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。现在分词现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。位置不能互换。4翻译下列句子：翻译下列句子： 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Our job is _.2. 他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。The music they are playing is _.playing all kinds of musicso exciting5四四 V-ing作定语作定语

3、现在分词现在分词现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词当现在分词单独单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前前；如果是现在分词如果是现在分词短语短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名作定语，则放在所修饰的名词词后后。The girl crying in the classroom is my desk mate.The crying girl is my desk mate.6The tower _ the warring states is well

4、worth visiting. dated from B. dated back fromC. dating from D. to date fromThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt7(1) a walking man(2) a walking stick =a man who is walking = a stick for walking8V-ing作定语时，现在

5、分词与动名词区别：作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：a waiting rooma waiting man= a room for waiting= a man who is waiting现在分词现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句而而动名词动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作作用用”相当于一个相当于一个for引导的介词短引导的介词短语语9Translate the following ph

6、rases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室阅览室洗衣机洗衣机激动人心的夜晚激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声有趣的相声101.What _ bears they are! (charm)2.What a/an _ idea the ad has.3. The bears _ are content with their life.4.The bears _ make cocacola more popular. Describe the bears with V-ing used

7、as attributecharmingenjoying cocacoladrinking cocacolaskiing on the icesurprising/inspiring11五五 V-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+CI heard the girl singing in the classroom.We have the fire burning all day.I noticed a long queue outsi

8、de the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。强调一个过程或一种状态。12 1. 能跟能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：动词有：“五让、三看、两听、五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一一注意、一发现、一感觉感觉”。简单又好记！。简单又好记！ make,

9、let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。等。怎么记？怎么记？13He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. put B. to be puttingC. to put D. putting141. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 2. We heard them _ (quarrel) about

10、 money after the concert; they looked very angry.3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:152.有些动词词组，如：有些动词词组，如：regard, describe, accept, think of, look on等等之后可由之后可由as引出引出V-ing形式作宾补。形式作宾补。They describe the cartoon as being attractive.161. He sa

11、crificed his life to defend the honor/ dignity of his nation.2. Elizabeth didnt trust him, so she left him a false name and address.3. Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny cant function (well/normally).4. During World War II, he rose gradually from the rank of captain to general.5. Dont for

12、get to bring your cassette recorder tommorrow.6. There must be some misunderstanding. I have no idea what youre talking about. in defence of.=17分词作状语分词作状语,表示动作发生的表示动作发生的条件、原因、结条件、原因、结果、让步、时间、方式或伴随果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当等，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的逻辑主语就是句子的主语主语。分词作状语分词作状语

13、作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看看主句的主语主句的主语。如。如主语和分词是主语和分词是主谓关系主谓关系，就选用就选用现在分词现在分词，如分词和主语是如分词和主语是动宾关系动宾关系，就用就用过去分词过去分词。18现在分词作现在分词作结果状语结果状语表示自然的结果。充当结表示自然的结果。充当结果状语的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子果状语的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语，的主语，而是句子的内容或部分内容而是句子的内容或部分内容。The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the

14、door.A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand. 19If you use your head, youll find a good way. Using your head, youll find a good way.If I am invited, Ill go to your party.Invited, Ill go to your party.条件状语条件状语作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首20原因状语原因状语作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句

15、首作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首Because he was poor , he couldnt afford a TV set. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was satisfied with his job, hehad a big smile on his face.Satisfied with his job, he had a big smile onhis face.21让步状语让步状语作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首Though he s

16、tudied hard, he didnt pass the exam.Studying hard, he didnt pass the exam.Though he was born in a poor family,he wasoptimistic.Born in a poor family, he was optimistic.22时间状语时间状语作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首While I was walking in the street, Isaw a tailors shop.Walking in the street,

17、I saw a tailors shop.When she was surrounded by a mad dog,she was very frightened and screamed.Surrounded by a mad dog,she was veryfrightened and screamed.23Four people entered the room and looked curious. Four people entered the room, looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by s

18、ome students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.伴随状语伴随状语作伴随状语多放于句末作伴随状语多放于句末24He came running back to tell me the news. His father died, and this left the family even worse off.His father died, leaving the family even worse off.方式状语或结果状语方式状语或结果状语作方式状语或结果多放于句作方式状语或结果多放于句末末2

19、5在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_ the book, I find it useful. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_ for a long time, the book looks old. UsedUsing26 从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。 _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen从太空看从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。 _ from the space,

20、the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen27分词作状语时的时态和语态：分词作状语时的时态和语态：1）分词的时态：）分词的时态：2）分词的语态）分词的语态一般式一般式: doing done完成式完成式:having done having been done1）一般式一般式表示与谓语动词表示与谓语动词同时发生同时发生。 1. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 2. Surrounded by the students, the teacher was answeri

21、ng questions one by one.282）完成时完成时表示动作发生表示动作发生在谓语动词之前在谓语动词之前。1.After he had finished his homework, he went out. =Having finished his homework, he went out. 2.Because she had not got a reply, she decided to write to him again. =Not having got a reply, she decided to write to him again.29一、有些惯用的一、有些惯用

22、的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个一个插入语插入语generally speaking 一般说来一般说来strictly speaking 严格说来严格说来frankly speaking 坦白地说坦白地说judging from/by 根据根据来判断来判断considering 考虑到考虑到supposing 假如，如果假如，如果几点注意几点注意301. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.

23、 一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。 2. Judging from/by his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3. Considering/given his age, he did it quite well. 考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。4. Suppose/Supposing it rains， what will you do？ 假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？31二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前

24、加上二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上when,while, before, after, until, once, though,although, unless, as if, even if, as long as等等 1. Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.2. If allowed to read in the reading room, you should keep quiet. 3. When leaving the station, he waved again 1. and again to me. Lo

25、sing Allowed Leaving32三、三、 当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用随之也发生时，可以使用“on动名词动名词”的结构，翻译的结构，翻译成成“一一就就”。Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping.= On hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out of it. 一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。On opening 3

26、3句型转换：句型转换： When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy. 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home. 3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _. She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.1. She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.HearingBeingsmilingrea

27、ding表伴随状况表伴随状况时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语方式状语方式状语34 Grammar work 语法专练语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. Look out(小心）小心） for cars when _(cross) the street.3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.knowingcrossinghaving been invited354. He d

28、ived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed(暴露）暴露）.5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(别在）别在） to the door, _ (read写着写着) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water.7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.le

29、avingreadingTakingHaving closed36 Grammar quiz 1. When _ different cultures, weoften pay attention only to the differenceswithout noticing many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared372. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly,

30、 always _ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 383. _the piano, someone suddenlyknocked at the door.A. Playing B. When I was playingC. Repairing D. Examining394. _ the programme, they haveto stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having comple

31、ted D. Having not completed405. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked6. _ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up theriver.A. Having suffered B. SufferingC. To suffer D. Suffered417. _ by a snake, she

32、 was frightened at it. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having been bitten D. biting8. As he had broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there, _. A. not daring made any sound B. not daring to make a sound C. daring not make any sound D. daring not to make a sound 42 1. Having not seen the film,

33、I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Not havingworkingSeeing单句改错单句改错434. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.5. Generally speak, facial expressi

34、ons are helpful communications, too.6. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingmakingspeaking44451. 1. 他起床迟了，匆忙地赶去办公室，他起床迟了，匆忙地赶去办公室， 没有吃早饭。没有吃早饭。2. 2. 意识到浪费了太多时间，意识到浪费了太多时间， 这个男生决定停止玩电脑游戏。这个男生决定停止玩电脑游戏。3. 3. 中国建了更多高速公路，中国建了更多高速公路， 使得人们从一个地方到另

35、一个地使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方更加容易。方更加容易。4. Dina4. Dina在努力地找服务生的工作找了几个月后，在努力地找服务生的工作找了几个月后， 最后在当地最后在当地一家广告公司找到了一个职位。一家广告公司找到了一个职位。5. 5. 南方下了大雨，南方下了大雨， 导致了好几个省发生了严重的洪水。导致了好几个省发生了严重的洪水。6. 6. 这个律师专心的听，这个律师专心的听， 努力地不错过任何重点。努力地不错过任何重点。7. 7. 更多地用感性而非理性来做一个决定，你迟早会后悔的。更多地用感性而非理性来做一个决定，你迟早会后悔的。8. 8. 这个退休老人把他大多数存款都捐给了玉树地

36、震中被毁的这个退休老人把他大多数存款都捐给了玉树地震中被毁的学校，学校， 使得学生能够重返校园。使得学生能够重返校园。46一、用一、用v-ingv-ing形式改写以下句子或将形式改写以下句子或将v-ingv-ing改成定语改成定语/ /状语从句。状语从句。1. The lady walked around the shops and kept an eye out for bargains. 2. Looking at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 3.The news shocked the pu

37、blic and led to great concern about students safety at school. 4. The traffic rule says young children who weigh less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 5. Since he didnt keep the promise, Tony has lost the chance to go abroad.1. The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for b

38、argains.1.Walking around the shops, the lady kept an eye out for bargains.2. When I looked at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.3. The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students safety at school.4. The traffic rule says young children weighing less t

39、han 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.5. Not keeping the promise, Tony has lost the chance to go abroad.476. The song is sung all over the country, which makes it the most popular song7. Having no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.8. Having waited in the queue for half an hour

40、, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 9. People who live in the city dont know the pleasure of country life.6. The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song.7. Because he had no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.8.After Tom had waited i

41、n the queue for half an hour,he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 8. After waiting in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 9. people living in the city dont know the pleasure of country life.4810. The large building which is being

42、 built across the street will be a hospital.11. The old man is on the way back to his motherland after he has worked abroad for twenty years.12. Do you know the young man shaking hands with the headmaster?13. People who use a mobile phone find it very convenient to keep in touch with their friends w

43、henever they go.10. The large building being built across the street will be a hospital.11.Having worked abroad for twenty years, the old man is on the way back to his motherland.11.The old man, having worked abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.12. Do you know the young man

44、 who is shaking hands with the headmaster.13. People using a mobile phone find it very convenient to keep in touch with their friends wherever they go.4914. As he had broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there, not daring to make a sound 14. Having broken the window, the naughty boy was si

45、tting there, not daring to make a sound 14. Having broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there and didnt dare to make any sound.50_ (袭击汶川的地袭击汶川的地震震) happened on May 12th, 2008, _. (使得成千上万的人无家可归使得成千上万的人无家可归) The number of people _(死于地震死于地震) reached 69,197. _ (站在废墟中站在废墟中), those who survived

46、couldnt help_(cry). _(在受在受了这样的苦难后了这样的苦难后), people there were not defeated and struggled against the nature.The earthquake hitting Wenchuanmaking tens of thousands of people homeless dying from the earthquakeStanding in ruins crying Having gone through so many sufferings A terrible earthquake hit Wen

47、chuanA terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan51Fortunately, _ (看到所发看到所发生的生的), the rest of China cared much about those in need and helped them immediately. _ (捐钱捐钱) was a major way. Besides, soldiers were sent to rescue _ (那些挣扎的人那些挣扎的人) who were trapped under the ruins. Doctors also went to Wenchuan to tr

48、eat _ (地震中幸存下地震中幸存下来的人来的人). Thanks to their help, the city began to breathe again. Now, _ (重建重建中的汶川中的汶川) has taken on a new look .seeing what had happenedDonating moneythe struggling peoplethe people surviving the earthquakeWenchuan being rebuilt52否定词置于句首的倒装否定词置于句首的倒装以下否定词位于句首，句子要用以下否定词位于句首，句子要用部分部分

49、倒装倒装(一般一般疑疑问句问句的形式的形式)：seldom; never; little;few; hardly; barely; rarely; neither; nor; not until; not only, but also; in no way; by no means; on no account; at no time; under no circumstances; no longer 等。等。 531. 直到我们早上经历了雾霾（直到我们早上经历了雾霾（haze），我们才意识到），我们才意识到环境污染有多严重。环境污染有多严重。2. 我们过去很少经历这样的现象。（我们过去很少

50、经历这样的现象。（seldom）3. 对于环境保护我们也关注的很少。（对于环境保护我们也关注的很少。（little）4. 我们绝对不能以环境为代价发展经济。（我们绝对不能以环境为代价发展经济。（by no means）5. 我们不仅应该培养环境意识，我们不仅应该培养环境意识， 还应该采取实际行动。还应该采取实际行动。6. 我们不应该再用塑料袋。（我们不应该再用塑料袋。（no longer） 也不应该再浪费纸，也不应该再浪费纸， 水和电。（水和电。（nor）7. 飞机一着陆人们就朝着飞机跑去。（飞机一着陆人们就朝着飞机跑去。（hardly.when）8. 我从前从没见过更美的地方。（我从前从没见

51、过更美的地方。（never+比较级比较级）541. 我发现你今天上午上课时你一直闷闷不乐。我发现你今天上午上课时你一直闷闷不乐。2. 课间活动你也没出教室，课间活动你也没出教室， 只是呆坐在座位上。只是呆坐在座位上。3. 我问你怎么了，我问你怎么了， 你却婉言谢绝了。你却婉言谢绝了。4. 开导劝慰。开导劝慰。55某英语报社拟成立某英语报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部微笑俱乐部”，现征募会员。要求申请者提交，现征募会员。要求申请者提交篇题为篇题为“I want to Smile”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。以下思路图的提示用英语写一

52、篇短文。 注意：注意： 根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯；根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯； 词数：词数：120左右左右56572009福建福建某英语报社拟成立某英语报社拟成立“微微笑俱乐部笑俱乐部”，现征募会，现征募会员。要求申请者提交一员。要求申请者提交一篇题为篇题为“I want to Smile”的英语短文。请的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路图的提示用据以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。英语写一篇短文。 注意：注意： 根据思路图适当根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯；展开，以使行文连贯； 词数：词数：120左右左右advantages of smiling

53、smile at parents or friends smile at myself in a word 58 Smile, as a universal language, spreads happiness throughout the world. There are many benefits of smiling. Firstly, it brings happiness, which accumulates to contribute to longevity. Furthermore, smiling a lot means being confident, which pla

54、ys an essential part in ones success. In addition, smiling shows that you are content with your life indicating that you possess a healthy attitude towards life. So I choose to smile a lot. I smile to my parents as thanks for caring of me. I give a smile for my friends for their forever encouragemen

55、t. I also smile at myself to make myself an enthusiasticperson. In a word, no matter whether life is beauty or duty, I will accept all with a big smile.59SmileSmile, as one of the most , as one of the most universaluniversal greetings, greetings, enableenables people to s people to narrow the gapnar

56、row the gap between them. So Im between them. So Im glad to smile at everyone I meet in my life.glad to smile at everyone I meet in my life.First, Id like to smile at my parents, who First, Id like to smile at my parents, who gave gave birth to me, care about me and give me couragebirth to me, care

57、about me and give me courage to face to face the world. the world. Its of great significance toIts of great significance to smile at them to smile at them to show them my respect and gratitudeshow them my respect and gratitude. . Then, I should give myself a smile as well. During Then, I should give

58、 myself a smile as well. During the last 18 years I have been strict with myself, the last 18 years I have been strict with myself, working hard to working hard to make my dreams come truemake my dreams come true. A smile is . A smile is definitely a reward for all the efforts Ive madedefinitely a r

59、eward for all the efforts Ive made. .In a word, its smiling that makes the world a better In a word, its smiling that makes the world a better place. Not only should we smile at ourselves but also place. Not only should we smile at ourselves but also smile at everyone we meet.smile at everyone we meet.60