高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 试题及答案详解Multitasking

1、2013 高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 试题及答案详解：MultitaskingMultitasking Peoplewho multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to

2、 increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted(分心) and cant focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah. Sanbonmatsuand his colleagues gave the students a set of test

3、s and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking(寻求刺激) orimpulsive(冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculatio

4、ns while remembering a set of letters. Notsurprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But thos

5、e who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted. “Peoplemultitask not because its g

6、oing to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said. AdamGazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study

7、 was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tendtoward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking. Thefindings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted d

8、riving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”1. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who mu

9、ltitask .A.seek high productivity constantlyB.prefer handling different things when getting boredC.are more focused when doing many things at a timeD.have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time2. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they .A.assessed the

10、 multitasking ability of the studentsB.evaluated the academic achievements of the studentsC.analyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasksD.measured the changes of the students understanding ability3. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their .A.limited power in calcu

11、lationB.interests in doing things differentlyC.inability to concentrate on one taskD.impulsive desire to try new things4. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually .A.drive very skillfullyB.go in for different tasksC.fail to react quickly to potential dangersD.refuse to explain

12、 the reasons for their behavior答案与解析：1.D.分析题干，关键词是research，由此可以定位到文章第一段，根据“People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once”可知，从事多任务工作的人员在同时处理两项任务时可能表现得最差，故只有D选项正确。2.A.分析题干可知，本题是对实验过程的细节考查，可定位到文章第二段，根据“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability”可知，本题答案选A；

13、另外，调查研究类文章一切实验均会围绕实验假设展开，与之无关的选项可直接排除，本题BCD选项和multitask没有关系，可直接排除。3.C.分析题干，关键词是multitask和because，可定位到文章第四段，根据“People multitaskbut because theyre distractible”可知，人们同时从事多个任务是因为他们不能集中注意力，结合选项，只有C选项最合适。4. C.分析题干，定位到文章最后一段，根据“people who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situation”可知，

14、从事多任务工作的人员因为一心多用，往往对潜在的危险不那么敏感，故选C；最后一段只提到了“may enjoy risky distracted driving”并没有提到“drive skillfully”，故A选项错误；B、D选项属于无中生有。重点单词：基础词汇suggest表明indicate表明performance表现evaluation评价distract分心handle处理impulsive冲动的evaluate评价mental精神的require要求average平均的frequently频繁地actual实际的admit承认limitation限制generally一般地sens

15、itive敏感的risky冒险的situation情况recognize承认connect联系提高词汇productivity生产力sensation感觉重点短语：base on基于focus on集中于be likely to可能deal with处理lead to导致as a result of由于go in for喜欢find out发现长难句分析：1.The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multit

16、ask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distractedand cant focus on one activity.解析：本句话的主干是“The findingsindicate that”；“based onstudents”是过去分词结构修饰findings；“that many people multitask”是由that引导的宾语从句；“out of a desire”是介词结构表示原因，其中“to increase productivity”是不定式修饰desi

17、re；“because they are easily distractedand cant focus on one activity”是由because引导的原因状语从句。翻译：调查结果表明：很多人并不是因为想要提高工作效率而自愿进行多项任务的，而是因为他们很容易分心，不能专注于一项活动。这些发现基于约275名大学生的表现和自我评价。2.They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple math

18、ematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.解析：本句话的主干是“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability”；“with a tricky mental task”是介词结构表示方式；“that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations”是由that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的task；“while remembering a set of letters”是由while引导

19、的时间状语从句的省略形式。翻译：然后，他们用一个棘手的脑力任务评估了参与者的多任务工作能力，这一任务要求参与者在记一串单词的同时进行简单的数学计算。3.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tendto