功能对等理论的应用-英文

1、功能对等理论的应用-英文Nida ' s Functional Equivalence Theory and Application AbstractIn fact, the esse nee of Nida's Fun cti onal Equivale nee Theory ( F-E Theory ) emphasis that the fun cti onal equivale nee of in formatio n in stead of the direct formal equivale nee in tran slati on. The relati on s

2、hip betwee n the target Ian guage receptor and the target text should gen erally be equivale nt to that between the source Ianguage receptor and the source text. This paper presents the tran slati on strategy in the applicati on of proverb and advertiseme nt and help readers use the F-E Theory flexi

3、bly. Then, the paper lays a certain foundation for our further tran slati on study.Key WordsFunctional Equivale nee Theory ( F-E Theory ) ; Proverb Tran slati on; Advertiseme nt Tran slatio n.In troductio nBei ng the kernel of the tran slatio n theory, Functional Equivale nee Theory is proposed by E

4、uge ne Nida the famous lin guist and tran slator in America. His theories were introduced into China earlier which had a remarkable in flue nee on the tran slati on theoretical circle in 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, F-E Theory not only has a great impact on Chinese translation circle, but also gains

5、a great many comme nts.1. The esse nee of NidasF un eti onal Equivale nee Theory(1 ) The Foundation of F-E Theory1. Social Linguistics and Communicative Function of Language: Nida put Dyn amic Equivale nee Theory ( D-E Theory ) forward from the perspective of social li nguistics and com muni cative

6、fun ctio n of Ian guage, which is writte n in his book, Toward a Scienee of Translating, published in 1964. Afterwards, heI replaced the D-E Theory with F-E Theory, because Function, as a form of com muni cati on in tran slati on, which lays emphasis on the contents and results was more rati onal th

7、a n Dyn amic.2. Chomsky' stransformational and generative grammar ( T-G Grammar ) According to the Surface Structure and Deep Structure of Chomsky's T-G Grammar, Nida proposed that translation should mainly reflect the functional equivale nee in the deep structure rather tha n formal corresp

8、 ondence in the surface structure. Thus, the translation text can be basically read, understood and appreciated in an orig inal way.(2 ) The Criterion and Principle of TranslationThe esse nee of tran slati on is paraphras ing: That is to say, paraphras ing the source text into the target Ian guage a

9、nd make readers un dersta nd the meaning of source text through translation. In other words, Nida believes that the contents are more important than the form in translation. However, he also emphasized that although the form is in a second place, it does not mean the in sig ni fica nce of the form.

10、If form is n eglected for the sake of con ten ts, the tran slati on text looks must be tedious and aesthetic feeli ng of the source text will disappear. On the other hand, if form is overemphasized, literal fidelity cannot be expressed properly. The tran slati on text will be superficial and away fr

11、om the poi nt.2. The Application of Nida 'sFunctional Equivalence Theory(1 ) The Application of F-E Theory in Proverb TranslationProverb is the magnificent treasure in human culture treasury. It is the accumulation and sublimation of various experiences in human' Iong-term livelihood and soc

12、ial practice. Therefore, hav ing a good comma nd of using proverb helps people understand the thinking methods as well as the customs and habits of a nation. Then, we use F-E Theory to get a grip of proverb tran slatio n.Some English proverbs have no profound meaning or obscure allusion but merely w

13、ords and phrases comb in ati on in a plain and straightforward way. For Example, Health is wealth can be translated into Chinese 健康就是财富 ”；when three know it, all know it can be tran slated in to Chin ese三人知，天下晓 ”.Thiskind of proverbs can be comprehended literally so that word-for-word translation wi

14、ll not bring any problems. However, the other kinds of proverbs have rather distinctive differenee in cultural background, thinking pattern, sta ndard of behaviors and lifestyle.Accord ing to the differe nee of culture and lifestyle betwee n Chi na and west, we can easily un dersta nd that why the l

15、atter is more acceptable tha n the former one. For this reason, the characteristics of distinctive culture and Ianguage and beauty in sound, form and sense can all be expressed through the F-E Theory.(2 ) The Application of F-E Theory in Advertisement TranslationThe style of the ad Ianguage is often

16、 distinctive and inspiring and it should catch the customers' attention immediately through its special affection, stimulating people's desire to buy. Thus, the proper use of ad Ianguage makes further in flue nee and much meaning tha n ad itself. Some ads aphorism spread all over the world a

17、nd are widely known by every family. To make the commercial ads successful, the impact of the tran slatio n of ad Ian guage should be equal to the origi nal ad Ian guage. We can find out the meaning of the source text from the target Ian guage accurately un der the in structio n of F-E Theory1. The

18、Feature of Advertisement Language(1) BriefBeing restricted by many limitations such as time and money, advertisements are always hoping to appeal the viewers' attentions. Many famous English ads win by their preciseness. For example, Intelligenee everywhere ( MOTOROLA )(2) ColloquialismSpoke n I

19、an guage in creases the affin ity of ads. The spoke n Ian guage that we use in our daily life is often adopted in ads. And some small words make the ads more acceptable for people. For in sta nee, One boy is boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. (Birth Control in China)(3) CreativityThe adver

20、tiseme nt producers always create new ways and methods to highlight their products from many others '.Disti nctive ads make people sta nd still and lead people to en dless aftertastes.(4) RhetoricRhetoric is art of using Ianguage impressively or persuasively, especially in public speak ing. To i

21、n crease the function of aesthetics and persuasion, translators often use rhetoric or transplant the rhetoric of original texts.2. The Strategy of Advertiseme nt Tran slatio n Based on F-ETheory(1) Literal TranslationLiteral tran slati on is the com mon method in tran slati on which translates origi

22、nal meaning in a literal way. To some ads Ianguage which have a clear meaning, a simple structure and a integrated sen ten ce, literal tran slati on can express the in formatio n in a very clear and definite way.(2) TransliterationBecause of its uniquen ess and proprietary, tran sliterati on is the

23、most com mon skill adopted in brand tran slati on. For example, Nokia 诺基 亚;Motorola 摩托罗拉；Konka 康佳.Phonetic translation method is_Z1widely adopted in tran slati on practice due to its pla inn ess and easy accessibility as well as the un ificati on betwee n tran slated n ame and orig inal n ame.(3) Tr

24、anslationDue to the difference on culture and Ianguage, a translator needs to express the same information from different perspectives of the source text in the process of ads tran slati on. That is to say, on the basis of the Ian guage habits, a tran slator uses superb tech nique of combining false and truth to