闽教版五年级英语语言知识汇总

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上闽教版五年级英语语言知识汇总语 法一、名词复数规则 1一般情况下直接加-s 如bag-bags ,book-books, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-es如bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i, 再加-es如family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v, 再加-es如knife-knives 5不规则名词复数 man-men, woman-women,

2、 policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese6.不可数名词不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 二、人称代词 主格 I we you she he it they 宾格 me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词my our your her his

3、its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours hers his its theirs 三. 缩略形式 Im = I am youre = you are shes = she is hes = he is its = it is whos =who is cant =can not isnt=is not 四、介词 方位on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间 at six oclock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15

4、th July On National Dayin the evening in December in winter 五、be 动词(1)现在式: I + am ；you或复数名词如books，+ are ； he 、she、it及单数名词+is 现在式的肯定否定句am(not) are(not) is(not) 2、 过去式was(not) were(not) was(not) 3、一般疑问句 Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. Are they American? Yes, 六、一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, somet

5、imes”。 肯定句 I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day. 一般疑问句: Do you like rice? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does he like rice? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 否定句: We dont go to school on Sundays. My mother doesnt like watching TV in the evening. 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1

6、.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如 I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词主语+行为动词(+其它)。如 We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时要在动词后加"-s"或"-es&quo

7、t;。如Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句主语+ be + not +其它。 如He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句Be +主语+其它。 如-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句。如Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时要用doesn&

8、#39;t构成否定句。如 He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如 - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时要用does构成一般疑问句。如 - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句。如How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则 1一般情况下直接加-s

9、如cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾加-es如guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-es如study-studies七、一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态。常和表示过去时间状语连用。如last year, last week /just now /yesterday等 也可表示过去经常反复发生动作常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨

10、天我在街上看见他了。 Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。 II. 一般过去时构成 我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词一般过去时构成。 动词过去式构成 规则动词过去式构成有四条规则 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如look-looked。 以不发音字母e结尾动词去e再加-ed。如live-lived。 末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如stop-stopped。 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾动词先变y为i然后再加-ed。如study-studied。 不规则动词过去式需特殊记忆。如am(i

11、s)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。III. 一般过去时几种句型 肯定句结构为主语+动词过去式+其它。如He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。 一般过去时一般疑问句构成Did+主语动词原形其它如 1) -Did you go to Beijing last week

12、? -Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 2) -Did you meet the businessman before? -No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.) 一般过去时特殊疑问句构成疑问词did+主语动词原形其它如 1) -What did you do last night? -I did my homework. 2) -Where did you go last week? -I went to Shanghai with my parents. 一般过去时口诀 一般过去时并不难表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式时间

13、状语句末站。 否定句很简单didn't 站在动词原形前其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变did放在句子前主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意动词过去式要牢记。 语音1.26个英文字母的正确读音。Aa Bb Cc Dd 等。2.辅音字母的发音。Bb |b|3.字母组合的发音。ee |i|4.语音语调。重读、弱读、连读。词汇、功能、话题1.Were you in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park just now刚才你在超市/书店/水果店/玩具店/公园吗 YesI

14、 was./NoI wasnt. 2. Where did you go yesterday昨天你去了哪里3. I went to the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park.我去了超市/书店/水果店/玩具店/公园。 4. I bought a schoolbag/a pencil-case/a ruler.我买了一个书包/铅笔盒/一把尺子。5. Did you have a good time你过得开心吗Yes I did./No I did nt. 6. I visited Big Ben/the Great Wall. 我参观

15、了大本钟/长城。I had a good time.我过得很开心。 7. We played basketball/the piano. 我们打了篮球/弹了钢琴。 I did my homework. 我做了作业。 I took some photos of the penguins.我拍了一些企鹅的照片。 I swam in the sea.我在海里游泳。8.Where are you/is he /are they from Im/Hes/Theyre from China/Australia/England/the USA.我/他/他们来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。 9.We saw

16、pandas/kangaroos/penguins. 我们看到了熊猫/袋鼠/企鹅。 We ate some bananas on our way home.我们在回家的路上吃了一些香蕉。 10. 电话用语Hello.This is Sallyspeaking.我是Sally。 May I speak to Peter我可以找Peter 接电话吗Speaking .请讲。 Hold on please. 请别挂线。 Its from Sally. Sally打来的。 11. Its Mid-Autumn Day tomorrow. 明天是中秋节。 It was Mid-Autumn Day ye

17、sterday.昨天是中秋节。12.问路Excuse me Sir/Madam. Where is the zoo/park/bank/library/train station/bus stop动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站在哪里 How can I get to the zoo/park/bank/library/train station/bus stop我怎样才能到动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站 Turn left /right.向左/右转。 Go straight.一直向前走。 Its on the left/right.它在左/右边。Its

18、far away. 很远。 You can take a bus.你可以搭公共汽车。 Which bus can I takeBus No.51. Sorry I dont know. You can ask the policeman.你可以问警察。 Thank you all the same.Youre welcome. 13. What day is it today? 今天是星期几 Its Sunday /Monday/Tuesday /Wednesday / Thursday / Friday day / Saturday .13. What do you have on Wedn

19、esdays? 你们星期三上什么课 We have English, science, computer and P.E. 14. What would you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner ? 你早/午/晚餐想要吃什么Id like some tomatoes and rice. 15. What do you have for breakfast/lunch/dinner today? I have吃 eggs and tomatoes. 16. Whats your favourite food/month/holiday? 你最喜欢的食物/月份/节日是

20、什么 Fish/Bamboo/Grass.鱼/竹子/草。 January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December. Spring Festival/Christmas/New Years Day/May Day/Army Day.春节/圣诞节/新年/五一节/建军节。 When is it 何时Its in January or February/ December/ January/ May/ August. When is your birthday生日在何时 Its in M

21、ay./ How is the weather in spring春天天气怎样 Its warm in MarchApril and May. 在三、四、五月天气暖和。 How is the weather in summerIts hot in JuneJuly and August. 夏天天气怎样在六、七、八月天气炎热。 How is the weather in fall秋天天气怎样 Its hot in September. Its cool in October and November. 在九月天气炎热。在十月和十一月凉爽。 How is the weather in winter

22、冬天天气怎样 Its not too cold in December. 在十二月不很冷。 Its very cold in January and February.在一月和二月非常冷。 短语总汇 1. in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park在超市/书店/水果店/玩具店/公园 2. be at home在家里 3、have a good time 过得开心 4. in England 在国家 5. play basketball/the piano. 打篮球/弹钢琴 6. do ones homework. 做作业 ta

23、ke some photos of the+复数名词 如 penguins拍 一些企鹅的照片。.或者拍一张照片take a photo of the +单数名词 7、 swim in the sea.在海里游泳。 8. be from+ 地名/地方 来自哪里 from China/Australia/England/the USA.来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。 9、电话用语 谁+speak to 谁谁可以找谁 接电话 Speaking .请讲。 Hold on please. 请别挂线。 Its from Sally. Sally打来的。 10. Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节11. turn left /right 向左/右转。 go straight一直向前走。 o