阅读理解专项

1、阅读理解专项1. No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but 11 suggest the figure is over 450 millio n. The nu mber of disabled people inIn dia 12 is probably more tha n double the total populati on of Can ada.In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability

2、. Disability is not just somethi ng that happe ns to other people: as we get older, many of us will bee less 13 , hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others bee disabled as they get older

3、. There are many 14 disabli ng diseases. The Ion ger time goes on, the worse they bee. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a men tal ill ness. All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many 15 barriers. N

4、ext time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends, imagine how you would 16 if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and tra ins. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers; 17 can be eve n harder to break down

5、and ignorance 18 represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to 19 attention to these barriers and show that it is the in dividual pers on and their ability, not their disabil

6、ity, which 20A. i nevitably B. evaluati ons C. estimates D. man ageE. alone F. counts Gprejudice H. physicalI. mobile J. indifferently K. withdraw L. progressiveM. regular N. acco unts O. drawThe greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twen tieth cen tury there has

7、 bee n a remarkable shorte ning of the proporti on of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nin etee nth cen tury would probably have bee n in her middle twen ties ? and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till

8、 they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opport unity and health made it unu sual for her to get paid work. Today wome n marry younger and have fewer children

9、. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household applia nces and convenience foods.This importa nt cha nge in wome n's life-pa

10、ttern has only rece ntly beg un to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opport uni ty, and most of them took a full-time job. However, whe n they married, they usually left work at once and n ever retur ned to it. Today the s

11、chool leav ing age is sixtee n, many girls stay at school after that age, and though wome n tend to marry youn ger, more married wome n stay at work at least un til shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work. Such changes have led to a new re

12、lationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife shari ng more equally in provid ing the mon ey, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.21. Accord ing to the passa

13、ge, it is now quite usual for wome n to.A. stay at home after leaving school B. marry men younger than themselvesC. start working again later in life D. marry while still at school22. We are told that in an average family about 1900.A. many childre n died before they lived to more tha n fiveB. seven

14、 or eight children lived to be more than fiveC. the youn gest child would be fiftee nD. four or five children died when they were five23. Many girls, the passage claims, are now likely to.A. give up their jobs for good after they are marriedB. leave school as soon as they canC. marry so that they ca

15、n get a jobD. con ti nue worki ng un til they are going to have a baby24. One reas on why a woma n today may take a job is that she.A. is youn ger whe n her childre n are old eno ugh to look after .themselvesB. does not like childre n herselfC. n eed not worry about food for her childre nD. can reti

16、re from family resp on sibilities whe n she reaches sixty25. Nowadays, a husba nd tends to.A. play a greater part in looking after the childrenB. help his wife by doing much of the houseworkC. feel dissatisfied with his role in the familyD. take a part-time job so that he can help in the homeWhen bl

17、ood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has e back from the cells in the rest of the body. So the blood that goes into the wall of an air sac (Jl) contains much dissolved carb on dioxide but very little oxyge n. At the same time, the air that goes into the air sac contains much oxyge n but very li

18、ttle carb on dioxide.You have lear ned that dissolved materials always diffuse扩散)from where there is more of them to where there is less. Oxyge n from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the lining into the blood. Mea nwhile, carb on dioxide diffuses f

19、rom the blood into the air sac. The blood the n flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other parts of the body.Soon after air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carb on dioxide from the blood. To keep diffusi on going as it should, this

20、carb on dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathi ng muscles are con trolled automatically so that you breathe at the proper rate to keep your air sacs supplied with

21、fresh air.Ordi narily, you breathe about twen ty-two times a mi nute. Of course, you breathe faster whe n you are exercis ing and slower whe n you are rest ing. Fresh air is brought into your lungs whe n you breathe in, or in hale, while used air is forced out of your lungs whe n you breathe out, or

22、 exhale.26. In the respiratory process, only one of the following actions takes place: itis.A. the diffusi on of blood through capillary walls into air sacsB. the diffusi on of carb on dioxide through capillary and air sac walls into the bloodC. the diffusi on of oxyge n through the air sac and capi

23、llary walls into the bloodD. the excha nge of n itroge n withi n air sacs27. The nu mber of times per mi nute that you breathe is.A. in depe ndent of your rate of exerciseB. fixed at twen ty-two times per min uteC. in flue need by your age and sexD. con trolled automatically by an un specified body

24、mecha nism28. The process by which carb on dioxide and oxyge n are tran sferred does not depend onA. the prese nee of n itroge n in the bloodB. breathi ng musclesC. the flow of bloodD. the moisture in the air sac linings29. The author's style in this passage can best be described as.A in formal

25、and matter of fact B. impers onalC. pers onal P- matter of fact and formal30. Which of the followi ng words can replace the word "exhale"?A. Breathe out. B. Breathe in.C. Diffuse. D. Excha nge.11. C 12. E 13. I 14. L 15. H 16. D 17. G 18. A 19. O 20. F 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 2

26、7. D 28. A 29. A 30. A 2|lf you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you n eed up-to-the- minute data or have specialized n eeds, you may find a puterized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subjec

27、t or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a puter's memory. The speed of the puter then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14The three main types of databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store 15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage a

28、nd price in dexes, cen sus in formati on, foreig n 16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store referen ces to and summaries of articles in periodicals and n ewspapers. Full-text databases offer the plex texts of such 17 as n ewspaper, magaz ine, and jour nal articles.Thousa nds of databa

29、ses exist today, and their nu mbers are grow ing. Many panies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through puter termin als or microputers. In additi on, several hun dred mercial databases are now available to the 19 , with literally millio ns of items of in formatio n readily obta

30、 in able. These databases 20 specific fields, such as law and finan cial forecastingor gen eral information, such as sports and weather dat来源：.examda.A. excha nge B. public C. in sta ntly D. coverE. en ables F. consuming Grema ined H. materialsI. hide J. inten sively K. vast L. municationsM. exhaust

31、 ing N. accessible 0. mai ntai ned3Now let us look at how we read. When we read a prin ted text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky moveme nt. We recog nize words usually whe n our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognit

32、ion span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the durati on of the fixati on -varies con siderably from pers on to pers on .It also vaies with in any one pers on accord ing to his purpose in readi ng and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by suc

33、h factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortun ately, i n the past, many readi ng improveme nt courses have concen trated too much on how our eyes move across the pri nted page. As a result of this misleadi ng emphasis on the purely visual aspects of read ing, nu merous exercises have bee n devised t

34、o train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instanee, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a scree n for, say, a ten th or a twen tieth of a sec ond. One of the exercises has required stude nts to fix their eyes on some cen tral point, taking in the words on either side. Such word

35、patter ns are ofte n con structed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it' s oneperson ' s ability toeswords and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficie

36、 ntly. Readi ng requires the ability to un dersta nd the relati on ship betwee n words. Con seque ntly, for these reas ons, many experts have now begu n to questi on the usefu In ess of eye training, especially since any approach whichtra ins a pers on to read isolated words and phrases would seem un likely to help him in read ing a continu ous text.1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts exceptA. one' s familiarity with the textB. one ' s purpose in readingC. the len gth of a group of wordsD.