人教版八级下英语7单元知识点全解

1、Unit7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 一词形变换1. deepadj.深的；纵深的-(adv.) deeply 深深地一 (n. ) depth 深度；深处2. Asia n.亚洲 n.& adj.Asian亚洲人；亚洲的3. tour n. &o .旅行；旅游 n. tourist旅行者；观光者4. achievement n,成就；成绩-(v. achieve 取得；实观5. succeed v.实现目标；成功 -(n. success成功-adj.successful 成功的6. nature n.自然界；

2、大自然斗-(adj.) natural自的；天然的7. weigh v.重量是； 称的重量 n. weight 重量； 分量8 keeper n.饲养员；保管人 (v. )keep保持9. awakeadj.醒着斗(v. )wake 醒；醒来10. amaze v. 惊讶,吃惊 amazing 惊奇的,令人惊喜的 amazed 感到惊奇的,吃惊的二重点短语：27. every two years 每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少1. as b

3、ig as 与一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of 的组成局部7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13.

4、take in air 呼吸空气14. take in 吸入；吞入体内15. in the face of difficulties 面对困难16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve one ' s d实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然；尽管21. at birth 出生时22. be awake 醒着23. run over w ith excitement兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fal

5、l over 摔倒26. the first person to do sth.第一个做某事的人31. be in danger 处于危险之中32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物 的重要性三重点句型1. It is -adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.做某事It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. is because 是因为One of the main reasons is because

6、people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想在面临困难时挑战自己。3. show(s) that 显示出The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. How high/ deep/ is 多高 / 深？How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？5

7、. Although. ，虽然，但是Although Japan is older than Canada, it is much smaller. 虽然日本比加拿大历史更悠久，但它比加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend time/money doing sth .某人花时间 /钱做Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天要花 12 个多小时的时间吃大约 10 公斤竹子。7 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain i

8、n the world.=Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都高。/珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。8 . China has the biggest population in the world.中国在世界上人口数量最多。9 . Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？10 Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great

9、 Wall tour.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。11 As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this就我所知，没有和它一样大的其他人造物体了。12 The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅山脉蜿蜒于中国的西南部。13 . Even more serious difficuhies in elude freez ing weather con diti ons and heavy storms.更严峻的困难

10、包括极冷的天气条件和巨大的风暴。14 This elepha nt weighs many times more tha n this pan da.这头大象比这只熊猫重许多倍。15 . A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years.熊猫能活 20 到 30 年。16 Scien tists say there are now fewer tha n 2,000 pan das livi ng in the forests.科学家们说如今生活在森林里的熊猫缺乏2000只。17 The babies often die from illnesses and do n

11、ot live very long.这些熊猫幼崽经常死于疾病并且活不了多长时间。三重点语法1.A物体长、宽、高、深的表达法：表示物体的长宽高深时，用"数词+单位名称+形容词Io ng, deep, high, wide，tall.等，女口 one meter tall，一米高；如果数词超过一，单位名称要用复数形式，如1025 meters deep 1025米深；eg.Yao Mi ng is over two meters high. The small road is about 100 meters long and 2 meters wide.B物体的长宽高深还可用“数字 +

12、量词单数+long/wide/tall/high/deep.等表示，各个词间用连字符连接，常用做 复合形式词，作前置定语，后需加名词。eg:Tom is 2 meters tall.=Tom is a two -meter-tall boy.Qomalangma is 8844 meters high.=Qomalangma is an 8844 -meter-high mountain.C大数的表达与读法1000以上的基数词的表示法：先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗点即以此把数目分为假设干段。第一个逗点前 的数为thousand千，第二个逗点前的数为million百万，第三个逗点前的数为bil

13、lion十亿。9， 883 nine thousand eight hundred and eighty -three.65,359 sixty -five thousand three hundred and fifty nine.265,468 two hundred and sixty -five thousand four hundred and sixty -eight60,263,150 sixty million two hundred and sixty -three thousand one hundred and fifty.注意：hundred后通常要加上连词 and,假

14、设读数中没有hundred,那么在thousand后加andEg:1004 one thousand and four 1054 one thousand and fifty -fourD形容词副词规那么变化表情况词尾变化例词单音节和局部双音节的形容 词或副词直接在词尾加er，estsmall,smaller,smallest以-e结尾的词加-r,-stlarge,larger,largest以“辅音字母+-y 结尾的词变y为i,再加-er,-estbusy,busier,busiest结尾时重读闭音节的词双写最后一个辅音字母，-er,-estbig,bigger,biggest多音节或局部双

15、音节形容词原级前加more,mostoutgo in g-more outgo in g-most outgo ing Popular-more popular-most popular由动词+ed/ing构成的形容词原级前加more,mostin teresti ng-more in terest in g-most i nterest ing bored-more bored-most bored形容词+后缀-ly构成的副词原级前加more,mostslowly-more slowly-most slowly happily-more happily-most happily不规那么变化形

16、容词比拟级最咼级good;wellbetterbestmany; muchmoremostbad;badly;illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest在原级形容词前加more变为比拟级，加most变为最高级。例如:Importa nt -more importa nt-most importa nt difficult -more difficult -most difficultpopular-more popular-most popular care

17、fully -more carefully -most carefully局部双音节和多音节形容词变化方法:注意：有少数单音节形容词，通常用加more,most的方法构成比拟级和最高级，如pleased,glad,tried等形容词与副词比拟级的用法1常用句型：1They have more oran ges tha n us./Tom runs faster tha n Tom.主谓 + 比拟级 +tha n+ 比拟对像2 Sha nghai is bigger than any other city in Ch ina. 主谓 + 比拟级 +tha n any other+ 单数名词，指一

18、个人或物比同一范 围内的任何其他一个都 。3Jack is the thinner of the two brothers.主谓+the+比拟级+of the two+.,表示主语是两者中较 的那个，是特指的 情况。4The比拟级+句子，the比拟级+句子，越.,就越.，表示两个过程按同比例同时增减。The harder you study, the better grades you你学习越努沏et就越能取得好成绩。5 比拟级+比拟级，表示越来越，harder and harder.注意：多音节词及局部双音节形容词或副词用于此结构时，要用“more and more+形容词/副词原级。The

19、 cityis beco ming more and more beautiful.2 比拟级前可用 far,even,a lot,a little, a bit, much 等修饰，表示程度进一步加深。I ' m a little taller than her. 我比她高一点儿。形容词与副词最高级用法最高级常用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比拟。在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面最.时使用。使用时，形容词前最高级通常要加the,句中常含有表示比拟范围的介词of或in; of后一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词， in 后一般接表示单位或场所的名词。常用句型：(1) Bill

20、is the thinnest boy of us. /Kate studies the) hardest in our class主谓+(the)+最高级+in/of.表示在某一范围内或某类人或物中最(2) The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。主谓+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of，表示是最的之一。(3) Li Ming is the second tallest boy in our class. 李明是我们班第二高的男孩。主谓+the+序数词+形容词最

21、高级+名词+in/of.,表示是第的(4) Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun? 月亮、地球和太阳哪个最大？Who sings best, Jim, Tom or Tim? 谁唱歌最好,吉姆、汤姆还是蒂姆？疑问词+谓语动词+ the)+最高级，A、B、C?是最高级的选择疑问问。意为在 ABC中,.最.?注意：副词最高级前的the可以省略；最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时，不用the. She is my best frie nd.她是我最好的朋友；表示非常的most前不用加the. He is a most interest

22、ing man.四 知识点：1. China has the biggest population in the world.(1) population n. 人口；人口数量,是一个集合名词常与定冠词 the 连用,单独做主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单 数形式 .The world 's population is larger and larger.(2) 分数或百分数修饰 population 时,谓语动词常用复数About sixty percent of the population in China are farmers.(3) 表示人口的多与少时,用large、 big

23、 或 small询问人口时用 What's the population of?It's about 1.4 billion.(5) 某地有多少人口时,用“ have/has a population of+ 数字或“ The population is + 数字China has a pupulation of about 1.3 billion. =The population of China is about 1.3 billion.中国大约有13亿人口。2 .feel free to do sth.意为：可以随便做某事feel free to eat dinner h

24、ere any time.3 ancient 与 old 区分ancient更强调经历的年代久远并且或多或少有点历史价值，而old 一般指年龄大的或者一个东西陈旧的老掉牙的.4. protect v.保护protection n.保护 protect from/agair意为"保护、免受eg. He is weari ng sun glasses to protect his eyes from the strong sun light.under the protection of 在 的保护下The people are un der the protect ion of the

25、ir coun try.5. as far as意为"就 而言，像，正如eg. As far as I can see, that isn' t a real dog.as far as I know 据我所知 As far as I know, the Yangze River is the Iongest river in China.as fas as I can see 据我所见 .6. thickHis dictionary is thick. 厚的 a thick forest 茂密的森林 密集的 a thick tree 粗壮的树7 in clude v.包含、

26、包括 The price in cludes house and furn iture.included adj. 一般位于名词或代词之后做后置定语Everyone is here, me included.in cludi ng 与名词、代词一起形成介词短语Every one is here, in cludi ng me.8. freeze v.结冰，结冻 Water freezes below freezing.冰点以下水结冰。freez ingadj. 极冷的，冰冻的It was freez ing cold that morning.freezingn. 冰点 eg. frozen

27、adj. I don't like to eat frozen food.9 The first Chinese team did so in I960, while the first woman to succeed was JunkoTabei from Japan in 1975. 中国登山 队于1960年首次登顶，而来自日本的田部井淳子在 1975年成为第一个成功的女登山者。while除做当时讲引导时间状语从句，还可做作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而，表前后意义上的比照或转折。10. take in吸入，吞入；接受eg. He had no where to live, so

28、we took him in. Shall we go out to take in fresh air?11. succeed vi.成功 succeed in doing sth. The boy succeeded in passing the exam.12. challe ngev.挑战challe nge sb. to (do) sth.向某人挑战做某事He challe nged me to play chess .他向我挑战下象棋。n. 挑战 eg. accept the challenge13. face n. 面孑 L, 脸孑 Lin the face of 意为 &quo

29、t;面对问题、 困难 He showed great bravery in the face of dan ger. v.面对，面朝 face the challenge14. achieve v.达成，实现eg. achieve on e's+.(dream/ success/ victory/aim)Everyone should be given the chanee to achieve their aims.achievement n. 成绩，成就与 come true 区分achieve常用作及物动词，主语是人，其宾语可以是“实现的目标，目的等；也可以是“取得的胜利、成 功

30、、地位等。come true不及物动词短语；其主语是希望、愿望、梦想等，不能用于被动语态。achieve our dreams = make our dream come true.show动词时常用短语：表展示，给 看，show sb around a place,带着某人参观某地。show off炫耀。15. force n.力量 the force of nature 自然的力量v .强迫、迫使 force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事They forced him to leave the small tow n.16. nature n.大自然、自然界They stop

31、ped to enjoy the beauty of n ature.natural adj.自然的，天生的The country ' s natural resources include forest, coal and o这个国家的自然资源包括森林、煤和石油He is a natural musician.他是一个天生的音乐家。17. weigh意为"重量是 ，此处为系动词He weighs 60 kilos.他重60公斤。How much does it weigh? 它有多重？weigh,及物动词：称 的重量。He weighed the fish.他称了这条鱼。w

32、eight un.不可数名词：What' s the weight of the sheep?18. The elepha nt weighs many times more tha n this pan da.这是一个含有比拟级的句子，表示倍数。其结构为“倍数+比拟级+than ,表示“比大/小/长/短几倍This box is three times bigger than that one.这个盒子是那个盒子的三倍大。19. at birth出生时，在句中通常做时间状语He weighed eight pounds at birth.她出生时重 8磅。20. research u

33、n/cn, un.时居多，研究、调查，research的复数形式通常不与many或数词连用do/make/carry out research in/on/i nto/for+ 研究内容Please make a research into the cause of the pla ne crash.21. awake 与 wakeawake adj.作表语不能作定语，反义词 asleep意为"睡着的Is he awake?wake v. What time do you wake up?22 prepare sth for sb.是固定用法：意为："为 准备I '

34、 II prepare some drinks and snacks for you.prepare for 为.做准备 The students are busy preparing for the final exam. 学生们正忙于为期末考试做准备。23. or so=about/around or so意为大约，位于数词或表示时间名词之后；而about/around表大约时，常放在数词或表示时间的名词之前。Eg. It took them 3years or so to build this road.= It took them about/around 3years to build this road.an other意为另一，又一；常放在数词之前，而other表示"另一