口译笔译常用词汇分类经济金融词汇

1、口译笔译常用词汇分类:经济金融词汇不景气 slump （衰退 recession）二板市场 the second board market中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization法人股 institutional shares内部股（非上市招股） private company shares牛市 bull market法律风险 legal risk风险管理 risk management坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain strongu

2、nderwriting standards六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk供给学派 supply-side economist第一产业（农业） agriculture (primary industry)第二产业（工业） manufacturing industry (secondary industry)第三产业（服务业） service industry (tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators国内生产总值 GDP

3、 gross domestic product （商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）国民生产总值 GNP gross national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita宏观经济 macro economy互助基金 mutual fund扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善居民心理预期 inspire the generalpublics confidence in the future needs鼓励增加即期消费 encourage moreimmediate consumption长期国债 lon

4、g-term treasury bonds支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt按原口径计算 calculate on the base line 按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget结售汇制度 the system of exchange,settlement and sales经常项目顺差 favorable b

5、alance of currentaccount, surplus of current account开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi(RMB) business出口退税制度 the system of refundingtaxes on exported goods保证金台帐制度 Deposit account systemfor processing trade分期付款 pay by installment保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings抵押贷款 collateralised loans住房抵押贷款 residential mortg

6、age loan货币主义者 monetarist计划经济 planned economy指令性计划 mandatory plan技术密集型 technology intensive大规模生产 mass production经济林 cash tree跟踪审计 follow-up auditing流动性风险 liquidity risk操作风险 operational risk内部审计 internal audit抛售 bear sales配套政策 supporting policies中国人民银行（中央银行）The PeoplesBank of China（central bank）四大国有商业

7、银行 4 major state-ownedcommercial banks中国银行 Bank of china中国工商银行 Industrial and CommercialBank of China（）and中国建设银行 Construction Bank of China中国农业银行 Agricultural Bank of China招商银行 China Merchants Bank疲软股票 soft stock 进一步规范和发展证券市场 further standardize and develop the securities market增加直接融资比重 increase the

8、 proportionof direct financing完善股票发行上市制度 improve thesystem for IPO and listing on stock markets中国证监会 China Securities RegulatoryCommission (CSRC)深圳证券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange上海证券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange综合指数 composite index纳斯达克（高技术企业板） NASDAQ（National Association of SecuritiesDealers Automated

9、Quotation主板市场 the main board通货紧缩 deflation中国现代化建设分三步走的战略thethree-step development strategy of Chinasmodernization drive第一步，到1990年国民生产总值比1980年翻一番 Step One:GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到2000年人均国民生产总值比1980年翻两番GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980;people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到21世纪中期建

10、国100周年时，达到中等发达国家水平 Step Three: By theyear 2049, the 100th anniversary of theP.R.C., Chinas level of development isexpected to be on par with the mid-rankingdeveloped countries与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be moreclosely linked to the world economy中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实 的购买力 The huge market potential thatChina enjoys wil

11、l be turned into tangiblepurchasing power.适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全 The regulatory and legal system isnot well established as to adapt to thedemand of market economy.经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应The economic management system may notbe readily adapted to the changes.一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击 Somesectors of economy and some busi

12、nessesmay be adversely affected.立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 proceedfrom national conditions in China and bringour advantages into play扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战 foster strengths and circumventweaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization瓶颈制约 bottleneck constraints放权让利 decentralization and interest conc

13、essions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)深化改革 intensify reform; deepen ones commitment to reform配套改革 supporting (concomitant)reforms配套资金 counterpart funds; local funding of提高经济效益 improve economicperformance; increase economic returns讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect加速国民经济信息化 developinformation-based economy accelerate ITapplication in economy拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes债转股 d