语法：动名词做主语和宾语

1、The ing form as the Subject and ObjectGrammarHave you ever seen these signs?parking, spitting, littering, smoking-ing forms动词动词-ing形式由动词加形式由动词加-ing变化变化而成而成, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。在句中可以作主语、宾语等。1.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.2. He saw the great need for increasing the rice

2、output.3.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.4.He doesnt care about being famous.5.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.6.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to

3、 him.7.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.8.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.finding ways to grow more riceincreasing the rice outputexpanding the area of the fields.being famouslistening to violin music, playing mah-jon

4、g, swimmingreadingSpending money on himselfleading a comfortablelifedreaming for thingsproducing a kind of rice主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语主语主语主语主语 动词动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语形式不能单独作谓语, 但可以有自己的宾语但可以有自己的宾语一、一、v-ing形式作主语形式作主语 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。谓语动词通常用单数。如：如： Walking is a good form of exercis

5、e for both young and old. Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. Asking a womans age is impolite in our country. 学习一门外语对我们来说非常有用。学习一门外语对我们来说非常有用。Learning a foreign language is very useful to us.收集信息对生意人来说非常重要。收集信息对生意人来说非常重要。Collecting information is very important to businessmen.眼见为实。眼见为实。

6、Seeing is believing.用用it 作形式主语时，一般常用作形式主语时，一般常用to do作真正主语，作真正主语，如如 It is important to learn English.但在以下句型中，常用但在以下句型中，常用doing 作真正主语作真正主语 no use no good It is useless doing sth a waste of time worthwhile和他争辩是没有用的。和他争辩是没有用的。(use)It is no use arguing with him.谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。 Its a wa

7、ste of time talking about such a useless thing. 讨论这个问题是值得。讨论这个问题是值得。It is worthwhile discussing the problem.二、二、v-ing用作宾语用作宾语1. 作介词宾语作介词宾语我向你道歉我向你道歉, 刚才对你那样生气刚才对你那样生气。I apologize to you for being so angry with you.她对在我们公司工作感到很满意。她对在我们公司工作感到很满意。She is very satisfied with working in our company下列短语中的下

8、列短语中的to都是介词都是介词, 所以后面跟名词所以后面跟名词或或v-ing形式形式: devote to, object to(反对反对)pay attention to, get down to(着手做着手做), lead to(导致导致), look forward to, stick to(坚持坚持), be used to(习惯于习惯于)等。等。2.2.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语1). 有些动词只能后接有些动词只能后接v-ing作宾语作宾语, 常见的有常见的有avoid, advise,consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, d

9、elay, escape, imagine, mind, miss, practise,risk, admit, appreciate, give up, put off, cannot help,cannot stand等。等。你是否考虑过买辆新车你是否考虑过买辆新车? Have you considered buying a new car?我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid making the same mistake人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。People cant help laughi

10、ng at the foolish man 2) 有些动词既可接有些动词既可接v-ing又可接又可接to do作宾语作宾语,且且意义上没有太大不同。意义上没有太大不同。常见的有常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, hate等。等。3)有些动词有些动词既可接既可接v-ing又可接又可接to do作宾语作宾语, 但但意义不同。意义不同。forget to do 忘记要做忘记要做forget doing忘记做过忘记做过forget, remember, regret, try, mean ,go on ,stop我记得我已把信寄了。我记得

11、我已把信寄了。I remember posting the letter我会记着去寄信的。我会记着去寄信的。Ill remember to post the letter我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 I shall never forget seeing the famous writer不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。 Dont forget to write to your mother我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。I really regret missing the report我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。

12、我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。 I regret to say I cant take your advice我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。 We must try to get everything done in time我们用别的方法做这工作试试。我们用别的方法做这工作试试。 Lets try doing the work in some other way我并不想叫你生气。我并不想叫你生气。I didnt mean to make you angry你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。 Your plan would mean spending hours请接着做这同一个练习。请接着做这同一个练习。Please go on doing the same exercise请做另外一个练习。请做另外一个练习。Please go on to do the other exerciseWe stopped talking我们停止了交谈。我们停止了交谈。We stoppe