高三复习课件之名词性从句

1、 判断下列句子是否为名词性从句，若是请指出类别判断下列句子是否为名词性从句，若是请指出类别1The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to us all._2It was snowing when she arrived at the station._3How she persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. _同位语从句同位语从句不是不是主语从句主语从句自我检测自我检测4The news that he told me yester

2、day was really disappointing._5That is where Lu Xun used to live. _6He spoke as if he understood what she was talking about. _7Do you remember the teacher who taught us English in middle school？_8I wonder why he refused my invitation. _不是不是表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句不是不是宾语从句宾语从句1.1.连接词有：连接词有： that whether that

3、 whether 和和 lflf2.2.连接代词有：连接代词有：who whom whose which who whom whose which whatwhat等等 3.3.连接副词有：连接副词有：when where why how when where why how 等等 另外另外 whatever whoever whicheverwhatever whoever whichever等也可等也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。以引导主语和宾语两种从句。 名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句，可以表示：事实和问题。独立分句，可以表示：事实和问题。名词性

4、从句中的名词性从句中的thatthat没有词义，也不作任何没有词义，也不作任何成分。除引导宾从外，主从和表从以及同位成分。除引导宾从外，主从和表从以及同位语从句中不省略。语从句中不省略。从句一律保持陈述语序从句一律保持陈述语序主语主语从句从句同位语同位语从句从句表语表语从句从句宾语宾语从句从句主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。他星期三来这里是肯定的。他星期三来这里是肯定的。 That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整

5、，都要加上从属连词都要加上从属连词thatthat他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.注意：主语从句放在句首表示注意：主语从句放在句首表示“是否是否”时，为时，为了避免歧义只用了避免歧义只用“whether” “whether” 而不用而不用“if”“if”连词：连词：that, whether，if （句首时不能用）（句首时不能用） 连接代词：连接代词：who, what, which, whoever, whatever，whichever 连接副词：连接副词

6、：when , where , why , how1. What you left are only several old books.2. What you said is of great importance.3. What he says and does doesnt concern me.4. What he says and does dont agree.主语从句放在句首时不能用主语从句放在句首时不能用“if” 引导，应用引导，应用“whether”引导。引导。主语从句的主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。一般不能省。“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：引导主语从句时，谓

7、语动词： 1）常与其后作表语的名词一致）常与其后作表语的名词一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。）根据句子的语境而定。主语从句主语从句主语从句有时用主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。It is known to us that he will come here.用用it形式主语形式主语的主语从的主语从句有以下四种不同的搭配：句有以下四种不同的搭配：It + be + 形容词形容词 that/wh-从从句句It is necessary that 有必要有必要It is important that . 重要的是

8、重要的是It is obvious that 很明显很明显It + be + 过去分词过去分词 that/wh-从句从句It is believed that 人们相信人们相信It is known to us/all that . 众所周知众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定已经决定It + be + 名词名词 that/wh-从从句句It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是事实是It + 不及物动词不及物动词 that/

9、wh-从从句句It appears that 似乎似乎It happens that . 碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A. If B .Whether C .That D. Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a

10、 developed country_ the First World.A. Which; belong to B. As, belonged to C. What; belonging to D. It; belonging to4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. That C. what D.

11、 when6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have2. 2. 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） 当两个或多个当两个或多个that引导的宾语从句并列使用引导的宾语从句并列使用时，即使省略了第一个从句的引导词时，即使省略了第一个从句的引导词that，后面的，后面的that也不可省略。也不可省略。如：如：He said (that) he liked Engli

12、sh and that his mother would send him to study in England. 他说他喜他说他喜欢英语，他的妈妈会送他去英国读书。欢英语，他的妈妈会送他去英国读书。1). Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring.2). It all depends on whether they will support us.3). She will give whoever needs help a warm support.4). He made it clear to the public that

13、he did an important and necessary job. 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.连词：连词：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略）常可省略）连接代词：连接代词：who, what, which, whoever, whatever，whichever 连接副词：连接副词：when , where , why , how宾语从句中用宾语从句中用it作形式宾语作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.I fin

14、d it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用语时，一般用itit来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。补后面。宾语从句中用宾语从句中用it作形式宾语作形式宾语We make it a rule that we should obey the traffic rules.I find it hard that we have to keep so many notes in mind.1.S + vt + it

15、 + 1.S + vt + it + 从句（动词常表达个人的喜好）I hate it when people talk to others with their mouth full.2.S + vt + it + 2.S + vt + it + 宾语补足语 + + 从句宾语从句中的否定转移宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里我认为他不会来这里I think he wont come here. ( )I dont think he will come here. ( )注意：如果宾语从句的主语是第一人称，谓语注意：如果宾语从句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是动词是think, believe,

16、 imagine, supposethink, believe, imagine, suppose等等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。主句中去。I dont think he will come here, _will he?如果是反义疑问句则要反问从句。如果是反义疑问句则要反问从句。1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动当主句的谓语动词是一般过去

17、时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客 观 真 理 时 ， 仍 然 用 一 般 现 在 时 。客 观 真 理 时 ， 仍 然 用 一 般 现 在 时 。travels注意：注意：He says that he _(go) shopping with his mother tomorrow. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. will go will be goes were playing have returned had been

18、1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) wrote has taken had been 6. I didnt

19、 know what time he _ the letter. (write)7. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)8. Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times. (be)3. 3. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后系动词之后. .作用：对主语进行解释说明。作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不引不引 导表

20、语从句导表语从句) )连接代词：连接代词：who / whoever / which / whatever 连接副词：连接副词：when / where / why / how / because China is no longer what she used to be. Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.1. 在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否” 时，只能用时，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“If”。2. 一般情况下，一般情况下，“

21、that”不能省。不能省。3. It/That is /was because .（原因）（原因） It/That is /was why. （结果）（结果）3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .That is why he was late for school.The reason why he was late for school was that he sent an old lady to the hospital.1. Thats _ the Party called on us

22、 to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when 同位语从句同位语从句在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句

23、。在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等抽象等抽象名词后面，名词后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，来作连接词，而且不能省略而且不能省略。也可用。也可用how, when, where等。等。他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。He gave her a promise that he would come back

24、 after two months.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.1. 1. 同位语从句同位语从句修饰抽象名词修饰抽象名词 定语从句定语从句修饰所有的名词和代词修饰所有的名词和代词2. 2. 同位语从句同位语从句that that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分且不能省略只起连接作用，不作任何成分且不能省略 定 语 从 句定 语 从 句 t h a t t h a t 是 关 系 代 词 ， 充是 关 系 代 词 ， 充

25、当宾语和主语。当宾语和主语。thatthat做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略3.3.同位语从句同位语从句对名词进行补充说明，去掉从句后句子仍然完整对名词进行补充说明，去掉从句后句子仍然完整 定语从句定语从句-名词进行修饰，加以限定。去掉从句后，句子意思名词进行修饰，加以限定。去掉从句后，句子意思不完整不完整同位语从句同位语从句PK定语从句定语从句抽象名词抽象名词所有的名词和代词所有的名词和代词不作任何成分且不能省略不作任何成分且不能省略宾语和主语宾语和主语做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略补充说明补充说明修饰，加以限定修饰，加以限定试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Do you know the fa

26、ct that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：注意：1. 1. 如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的同位语从句中的thatthat只起连接作用。只起连接作用。 2. 2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。( (同从同从) )( (定从定从) )试区分以下句子试区分

27、以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?方法：在所修饰的名词和从句中插入方法：在所修饰的名词和从句中插入bebe动词，动词，如能构成一个表语从句，那原句为同位语从句。如能构成一个表语从句，那原句为同位语从句。如不能构成表语从句，则原句为定语从句。如不能构成表语从句，则原句为定语从句。( (同从同从) )( (定从定从) )The fact was that he stole the car.The fact was that they wer

28、e talking about.( () )( ( ) )总结：总结：名词性从句中只用名词性从句中只用whether不用不用if的情况：的情况：1. 主语从句放在句首时（避免歧义）主语从句放在句首时（避免歧义）2. 表语从句和同位语从句中只用表语从句和同位语从句中只用whether不用不用if。3. 介词后只用介词后只用whether4. 后面有后面有or not时一般用时一般用whether。5. 后面接不定式时后面接不定式时Whether we will have a day off has not been decided yet.It has not been decided yet

29、whether/if we will have a day off.The question is whether he should accept the job.The question whether he should accept the job is puzzling.They are interested in whether the famous singer will come to Changsha.We have not decided whether we will go to visit Hainan Island or not.Whether to finish i

30、t on time is a question.总结：总结：名词性从句中可以做定语的词：名词性从句中可以做定语的词：what，whichwhat没有范围，没有范围，which有范围。有范围。What effect the medicine have has been studied in the research center. Which book you like can be given to you for free in the pile of books.总结：总结：I am interested in _ you said yesterday.A. what B. whateve

31、r C. all what D. that_ we want to buy will be different from others.A. Who B. Whoever C. The thing D. What名词性从句中如果缺成分，一般用名词性从句中如果缺成分，一般用what来引导。来引导。总结：总结：Whoever comes first will get the first prize.Who will come to have dinner is not known.She didnt know who took her umbrella.The problem is who wil

32、l be elected monitor. who$whoever, what&whatever, which&whicheverwho, what, which只在从句中做成分；whoever，whatever，whichever在主从句中都做成分。Anyone who comes first will get the first prize.Who will come to have dinnerwhoever=anyone who(表示泛指)who= the one (表示特指)BABExercises1. _made the school proud was _more

33、 than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2._she could not understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that 3. He is absent from scho

34、ol . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason4. _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising . A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 5. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A. that B. how C. where

35、 D. what DA6. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, which A7. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you had a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 8. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays ga

36、me ? - Oh ,thats _. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA9. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job inter

37、view, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work. A continues B continue C continued D had continued BAB12. There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here.A. who B. whom

38、 C. whoever D. Whomever13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game .A.why B. what C. who D. that 14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever15.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax c

39、ut. A. and he B. was that he C which he D that he 16. man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. A. Which B. How C. What D. That 17.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. However B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 1. Can you make sure _ the go

40、ld rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put2.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what3. _ breaks the law should be punished. A. Whoever B. No matter who C. anyone. D. who 4. That is _ I ha

41、d to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what5. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B

42、. how C. where D. which 7 7. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how9. Difficulty lies _ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact