初三英语学科暑假衔接课语法专题复习教师辅导教案-代词

1、初三英语学科暑假衔接课语法专题复习教师辅导教案语法专题之代词学员编号：年级：新初三课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型TC语法专题之代词T教学目标1、熟悉代词的基本概念和分类 。2、重点掌握人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，疑问代词和不定 代词及it的用法。星级授课日期及时段教学内容C-代词专题嘴青一、茨麻开门（建议2-5分钟）BEFORE 6 BEERSSU33S 9 U3J.JV（批注：你看到了什么？将图片颠倒过来看你又看到了什么？从不同的角度看问题，你会有不一样的收获！）AFTER 6 BEERS初中英语代词用法分类详解侨X* 一、基本概念代词是用来代替名词或名词性短语或句子的

2、词类。从本质上说，它属于名词性词类，即在不指出具体 名词、名词短语或名词性句子的情况下，用以代替说明它的词类。侪s二、基本分类川2县蓦金.延箍戏反称 主 系 接 定 问 示 互 身九大代词7帛三、用法详解业1、人称代词/1）分类第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemshehertheythemitittheythem2）用法1 .主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语。例：We all like learning English.我们都喜欢学英语。Please tell him to return my book to me tomorrow. 请告诉他明天把我

3、的书还给我。2 .作表语一般用宾格，但在比较正式的场合用主格。例：Who is it?谁呀？ -It me.是我。（非正式）一It is |.是我。（正式）仇）排列顺序1 .单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称 第三人称 第一人称例：You, he and I should help one another.我、你、他应该彼此帮助。She and I are of the same age 我和她同岁。2 .复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称- 第二人称- 第三人称例：We, you and they are all Chinese.我们、你们和他们都是中国人。U 注意：在承认错

4、误，承担责任时，I放在其他人前面表示勇于承认错误，we放在其他人后面。例：I and my brother made the mistake.我和兄弟犯了错误。They, you and we should leave there at once.我们、你们和他们应该立即离开那里。典型例题22. Tom and Mike are good friends . often help each other.A. TheyB. Them C. Their D. Theirs22. Send a postcard from Australia when you are there.A. IB. meC

5、. myD. mineI m talking to you, Jack. Please listen to carefully.A. meB. mineC. youD. your s答案：A B解析：观察设空，三道题设空分别在句首和动词及介词后，分别缺少主语和宾语，因此选用人称代词。缺主语用主格，缺宾语用宾格。由 2、物主代词机）分类娄单数复数人称一一三一一三回我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs2）用法1 .形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在名词之前作定语

6、。例：His parents are both teachers.他的父母都是老师。2 .名词性物主代词相当于名词，不能用于名词之前。名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语或 与“of连用（属双重所有格的一种形式）。例：My ruler is red and yours is yellow.我的尺子是红色的，你的是黄色的。（作主语）My pen is broken, may I use yours?我的钢笔坏了，我可以用你的吗？（作宾语）物主代词记忆口诀:物主代词分两种, 形容词性能力差, 句子当中作定语, 物主代词名词性, 句中充当主宾表, 两种代词形不同,his, its不用变，形容词性名

7、词性。自己不能来当家。身后定把名词加。 相当名词可单用。身后没有名词影。添个 s形变名。my 变 mine 要记清。典型例题22. 一 What are you reading? The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.writer is Mark Twain.A. ItB. ItsC. HeD. His22. Dogs are my sister s favorite pets. These cute dogs are.A. mineB. theirsC. hisD. hers答案：B D解析：第一题设空后有名词writer,需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，“它的作者”，因此

8、选B.第二题设空后没有名词，因此用名词性物主代词。根据人称sister,选择D.4由 3、反身代词1）分类,、-.称 数A人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself, herself, itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves密2）用法：反身代词用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作三成分；动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身；句中强调同位语，主语宾语后变跟；I 系动be后作表语，这个用法要牢记。/1 .反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用：例：The headmaster himself will go to see my parents. 校

9、长将亲自去见我的父母。The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。2 .作宾语： 有些动词需有反身代词：absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave例：She is old enough to look after herself.她长大了，能自己照顾自己了。We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心。Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点鱼。3 .作表语：例

10、：I am not quite myself today.我今天感觉不好。3）积累：记住这些常用的反身代词的短语，写作文时用得上的哦!by oneself 亲自call oneself 自称为engage oneself in- - 忙于make oneself at home 不要客气learn by oneself 自学come to oneself 苏醒dress oneself (in - )自己穿()express oneself 表达自己 的意思 seat oneself 坐absent oneself from 缺席congratulate oneself- 庆幸 自己excus

11、e oneself为自 己开脱occupy oneself in 忙于be oneself身体状态好behave oneself规矩；表现得有礼貌hurt oneself 受伤make oneself understood 使另1J人理解talk to oneself 自言自语help oneself to 随便吃（喝）；enjoy oneself 过得愉快;for oneself 为 自己;lose oneself in 陶醉于;teach oneself=learn by onesef;devote oneself to 专心于； 献身于21典型例题1Who teaches paintin

12、g ?- Nobody, I teach.A. your; mine B. your; my C. you; myself D. you; me答案：C解析：人称代词的用法。根据题意：谁教你画画？没有人，我教我自己。根据题意可知第一个空用人称 代词，第二个空用反身代词。2. Welcome to my new house, Ann and John! Help to some fruit.A. myselfB. yourselfC. yourselves D. ourselves答案：C解析：help yourself为固定短语“随便吃（喝）”。3. 一 How did your uncle

13、learn to play the guitar? By .A. myself B. yourselfC. herself D. himself答案：D解析：反身代词的用法。by后加反身代词，表示 某人自己的，主语为your uncle故用himself。4、疑问代词1）分类疑问代词whowhomwhosewhichwhat意义谁谁的哪个，哪些什么作用作主语，用来指人作宾语，用来指人 用来指所属关系，如果 作定语，一般后接名词 用来指人或物在一定范 围限制之内进行选择通常指物.一般用在未例句Who is the girl under the tree?Whom do you want to s

14、ee?Whose pen is this?Which girl will be in the meeting?What can you see in the指出范围的情况下醺2）相关考点：疑问副词how （方式），when （时间），where （地点），why （原因）；how组成的疑问副词短语:how often（提问频率 多久一次）；how far （提问距离多远”）;）；how much （提问价钱；提问不可数名词数量多少”）;how many（提问可数名词数量“多少”）how soon （“多快，多久以后”）；how long （提问长度或时间段“多长，多久”典型例题1.are yo

15、u looking for?-The key to my bike.2.一3.A. WhereB. Whodid you go to the doctor, Tim?A. HowB. WhereC. WhatTwo weeks ago.C. WhatD. WhenD. Whenwill your father come back from New York?In two days.A. How long8. How soonC. How oftenD. How many4.do they go to the village school?Once a month.A. How oftenB.

16、How longC. How farD. How many答案：C D BA解析：选择疑问词的突破点是答语，根据答语来确定疑问词。1 .答语the key,用疑问代词 what;2 .答语Two weeks ago用when提问时间;3 .答语In two days两天后”，用how soon提问 多久以后“；注意how soon多于一般将来时连用。4 .答语Once a month 一月一次“，用how often提问频率。注意 how often多与一般现在时连用。由5、不定代词1）分类：普通不定代词和复合不定代词初中阶段常用普通不定代词some; anyfew; littlemany;

17、mucheither; neithereach; everyboth; allnoneoneother初中阶段常用复合不定代词somebody （某人）anybody（某人/任何人）nobody （没有人）everybody （每人）someone （某人）anybody （某人/任何人）no one （没有人）everyone （每人）something （杲事）anything （某事/任何事）:nothing （没启东西）everything件事）2）用法：X many和much: many与可数名词复数连用；与不可数名词连用。如：I dont have many friends her

18、e.在这里我没有很多的朋友.。We can learn much with the help of him.在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多。some 和 anysome, any既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词； some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中。B） some用于表示请求、邀请、建议的疑问句，或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，如： Will you have another cup of tea? 再来杯茶好吗？ Mum, could you give me some money? 妈妈，能给我些钱吗？2）当any表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的含义时，可用于

19、肯定句，如：You may come at any time that is convenient to you. 你可以在对你方便的任何时候来。典型例题I m thirsty. Could you let me have coke?A. little B. any C. some D. other答案：C解析：some一般用在肯定句中，而在否定句和疑问句中一般用any;但要注意some的特殊用法：在提出邀请、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中用some而不用any。句意 我口渴了，你能让我喝些可乐吗？ ”说话者希望得到对方的肯定回答。因此选 Co冰 little, a little, fe

20、w, a few可数不可数a few （有,些）a little （有一点儿）否定few （几乎没有）little （几乎没有）典型例题1. Would you like some more coffee? Yes. Just. Thanks.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few2.I need bananas to make fruit salad. Could you please buy some?A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little答案：C By的始（解题方法：一看名词，二看句意解析：J1 .名词是coffee,为不可数名

21、词，排除 B.D.再根据句意要一些，选带 a的a little。2 .名词是banana,为可数名词，排除 C.D.再根据句意需要一些，选带 a的a few。两者三者都都不任一每一另一二者bothneithereithereachthe other三者allnoneanyeveryanother1） both, either, neither 都表示两者。O或者，或者/要么，要么）。常用搭配：bothand（两者都），neithernor既不，也不），eitherNeither you nor he is wrong.一，（就近原则）Either my father or my mother

22、cooks at homeJBoth she and I are students.（谓语动词用 复数）2） all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定，而 none表示全部否定；all作主语时，指人看作复数，指物看作单数；none作主语时，看作单复数都行。none和no one的区别f none既可指人也可指物，常暗示一定范围，因此多与表示范围的介词of短语连用;L no one只能指人，不能与 of短语连用。none与数量有关，可回答how many或how much ,表示“一个也没有“；Ino one表示“什么人也没有，可回答who;一How many people are

23、 there in the room? 房间里有多少人？尸L一 None. 一个没有。w.一W who-no one短的长；少的多一Who is in the office?谁在办公室？ howmhow many-none长的短；多的少 No one.没有人。典型例题1. Which do you prefer, bananas or ranges? . I enjoy eating apples.A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All答案：C解析：问句意为 香蕉和桔子你更喜欢哪个？”答句中最后一句意为我喜欢吃苹果。”由此推知，香蕉和桔子他都不喜欢，故用代词ne

24、ither表示两者都不。both为两者都，either为两者中的任一个”，all指 三者或三者以上都2. Sam looks like his Dad. They aretall.A. either B. any C. allD. both答案：D解析：句意“Saml得像他爸爸。他们两人个子都很高。”上句中提到了 Sam和他的父亲，they指代这两个人，所以both （两者都）正确。3. I tried several jackets on, but of them looked good.A. both B. eitherC. noneD. neither答案：C解析：句意 我试穿了几件夹克

25、，但没有一件合身的。”题干中several意为 几个，数个”，表示的是 三个或三个以上， .个也没有”应为none,故选C。each, everyeach指两个或两个以上的人或物中的每一个，强调个体*.every指三个或三个以上的人或物中的每一个，侧重整体each指若干固定数目中的每一个（特指）*-every指任何一个（泛指）；each兼有代词和形容词特点，可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语each作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的数，如： We each have a ticket.（不能用has）every是形容词，只能作定语，如：Each student （Each of the students）

26、 has a dictionary.Every competitor in the contest was awarded a notebook and a pen.other, the other, others, the others, anotherr other 其他的“，后接复数名词，泛指。 There are other ways to do this exercise.Her first-born is a doctor. Her other children are all in the army. 。右特指用 the other（后接复数名词）。Where have the

27、other students gone?the other O特指两者中的另个。I have two friends . One is a teacher and the other is a doctor.others。一。蟠其他的人或物，相当于Other+复数名词”。Some are playing basketball, others are playing football.He often helps others=other people.the others。一附旨所有剩余的人或物，相当于the other+复数名词”=the restSome students are read

28、ing, the others are drawing pictures.another。一CO旨三者或三者以上的另一个。Its too small, please show me another。I don t like this pair of shoes. Would you please show manother pair?必备句型：one l the other 一个 另一个 some- - others 丁些另一些 somethe others 一些 其余的 bothand 两者都 either。厂或者，或者/要么，要么 neither nor既不 也不 典型例题1. I hav

29、e two vacation plans. One is going to the summer camp,is being a volunteer.A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. others答案：C.route to the airport.解析：语境中给出了 two vacation plans。考查搭配 one,the other，故选C.2. Oh, the traffic is so heavy. Let s changeA. otherB. othersC. the otherD. another答案：D解析：考查不定代词。题干为 换别的路线”，

30、而other为 另外的“；others后不能加名词；the other为两者当中的另一个；another表示 再，又；别的，其他的；任何一个，指三者或以上的任何一个。3. Remember not to lend this computer toA. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another答案：C解析：句意为“不要把电脑借给别人”。泛指其他的人，选 C. other后需要加people; the other是特指,后面也需要加people,才能表示其他的人，不加people仅表示两者中的另一个；another表示者或三者以上的另一个。不定代词用处多，修饰成分后

31、边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。复合不定代词:1 . some 与 any： somebody/someone/something 用于肯定句；anybody/anyone/anything 用于否定和疑问句。2 .复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例：Something is wrong with your bike.你的自行车有毛病。3 .形容，或else修饰复合不定代词时，要放在后面。例：I have nothing important to tell you.我没有什么重要的事情告诉你。I don t know anything else about i供于这件事我其他什

32、么也不知道。wrong with it.典型例题1 .My watch doesnt work. There isA. somethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nothing2.-Wait a minute. I haveto tell you.“hats is it?A. something importantB. important somethingC. anything importantD. important anything答案：1. A. 2.A解析：1.句意是“表出了一些问题C.一切事情D.什么都没有 均不符合句意。因为是肯定句，需用 A.2

33、.肯定句，因此排除 C.D.复合不定代词修饰成分要后置，因此选 A.X one 和 itone同类不同物；it同类同物一 Do you still have the bicycle? 你还有那辆自行车吗? No, I have sold it.没了，我已经把它卖了。（it 指上文的 the bicycle） Is this knife yours?这是你的刀吗?No. It s Jim s. Mine）netbe the desk.不是。这是吉姆的。我的是桌子上的那个。典型例题like this? Your watch is quite nice. Where did you buy-In S

34、hanghai. Do you want to haveA. it; one答案：AB. it; itC. one; itD. one; oneU A解析：句意 你的手表很漂亮，在哪儿买的呀?”在上海。你想买一个这样的吗?”在表示替代时，it指出现的那个名词；one指代与上文名词同类的事物之一。根据句意，应选A。7 6、指示代词指代单数复数近指thisthese远指 that those1 .指示代词有单复数之分，既可指物，也可用于介绍人。例：This is an apple tree, and that is an orange tree. These are my friends, and

35、 that is my sister.2 .刚提到过的事情或已经完成的事情用that,指即将发生的或将要提到的事情用this。例：Please remember this: No pains, no gains. 请记住: 不劳无获。3 .在打电t时，this表示 我，that表示 你”。例：Hello! This is Mike. Who tsat? Hello! This is John.4 . that和those可用来代替前面提到过的名词。that代替单数名词或不可数名词，those代替复数名词。例：The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as t

36、hat in Beijing. 上海的天气没有北京那么冷。典型例题The pears in my basket are smaller than in Jim s.A. it B. that C. ones D. those答案：D解析：在表示比较的句子中指代单数的人或物时用that,指代复数的人或物时用those。本题中指代的是比较的另一方 pears,故选those。7、相互代词 ：each other ,one another如：We must help each other when we are in trouble.我们身处困境时要互相帮助。They sat there witho

37、ut talking to one another / each other.他们坐在那儿，互相都不说话。8、连接代词：引导名词性从句9、关系代词：引导定语从句三，斩嫌除魔（建议5-10分钟）1. Tom, Please pass the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.A. youB. meC. himD. her2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few3. -You wantsa

38、ndwich?-Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.A. otherB. anotherC. othersD. the other4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others thanA. theyB. themC. themselves D. theirs5. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?,thanks. Id like)1at

39、e:aip.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None-Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.-Never mind. You can haveA. usB. oursC. youD. yours-Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. Noneis OK. I m free today and tomorrow.-How are you going to improveA. ourselvesB

40、. myselfthis term?C. himself-Could you tell meshe is looking for?A. thatB. whoseC. who10. Ishere?A. everybody11. Paul hasA. many-Work harder than last term.D. yourself-Her cousin, Susan.D. which-No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.B. somebodyC. anybody D. nobodyfriends except me, and sometim

41、es he feels lonely.B. someC. fewD. more12. If you want to book a round- trip ticket, youll have to pay $ 30.A. moreB. otherC. the other D. another13. -Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang?-Yes. I have two sons. Butof them lives with me. They are now studying in America?A. neitherB. bothC. noneD. either1

42、4. -Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?No.of them can use a computer.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All15. Who taughtEnglish last term? WasMr. Smith?A. you; itB. you; heC. your; itD. your; that16. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in herhand?A. anotherB. othe

43、rC. oneD. the other17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends ofA. usB. ourC. oursD. ourselves18. -Is there a bus to the zoo?-I m afraid therebus to the zoo.A. noB. anyC. someD.none19. You forgot your dictionary? You may haveA. meB. myC. mineD. myself20. This isclassroom. Where isA. our

44、; themB. us; theyC. our; theirsD. ours; theirs21. She heard a terrible noise,brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. thatwho had already taken them.22. The teacher gave the books to all the students exceptA. onesB. someC. the onesD. the others23. Our manager allowed to take a holiday

45、 next week.A. you and IB. yourself and me C.I and youD. you andme24. Although he s wealthy , he spends on clothes.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few25. They were all tired, butof them would stop to take a rest.A. anyB. someC. noneD. neither26. I don t know whether small oranges are sweeter than bigA. thoseB. onesC. oneD. that27. When they met, they stopped and said hello toA. each otherB. each anotherC. the other eachD .each one