磷酸一铵氢氧化钾生产磷酸二氢钾20140225

1、磷酸一铵氢氧化钾生产磷酸二氢钾一、 反应原理 NH4H2PO4 + KOH = KH2PO4 + NH3 + H2O115 56 136 17 18845.59 411.76 1000 125 132.35各物质在水中溶解度Kg/KgH2O溶解度kg/kgH2O温度KH2PO4NH4H2PO4K2SO4KOH00.1480.2270.07350.976100.1830.29530.09221.02200.2260.37360.11111.12300.2800.46410.12971.26400.3350.56740.14761.35500.4070.68010.1650600.5010.824

2、80.18171.48700.6050.99200.1975800.7041.18340.2141.62900.7851.4280.2281000.8351.73220.241 1.79NH4H2PO4与KOH进行复分解反应，采用蒸发脱氨方法使反应趋于完全。溶解度图二、NH4H2PO4溶液配制利用浓缩蒸汽冷凝水配制NH4H2PO4溶液，以1000kg结晶为基准，溶液温度为60。NH4H2PO4结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%干基分率%NH4H2PO4934.793.4798.39(NH4)2HPO41.40.140.15(NH4)2SO412.21.221.29(NH4)2SiF61.30

3、.130.14不溶物杂质0.40.040.04干基950.095.00100H2O50.05.00100010060时NH4H2PO4在水中溶解度为82.48g/100gH2O，934.7kg NH4H2PO4需水量为934.7/0.8248=1133.24kg。为防止溶液降温有结晶析出，水过量5%，即加入水量为1189.90kg，取水量为1200kg。溶液成分表物料名称物料量(kg)分率%kg/kgH2ONH4H2PO4934.742.490.7478(NH4)2HPO41.40.060.0012(NH4)2SO412.20.550.0098(NH4)2SiF61.30.060.0010不溶

4、物杂质0.40.02干基950.043.18H2O1250.056.822200100三、反应物料平衡(以1000kg 磷酸一铵结晶为计算基准，配制溶液量为2200kg)主要化学反应NH4H2PO4 + KOH = KH2PO4 + NH3 + H2O115 56 136 17 18934.7 455.16 1105.38 138.17 146.30（NH4）2SO4 + 2KOH = K2 SO4 + 2NH3 + 2 H2O132 2× 56 174 2×17 2×1812.20 10.35 16.08 3.14 3.33（NH4）2SiF6 + 2KOH =

5、 K2 SiF6 + 2NH3 + 2 H2O178 2× 56 220 2×17 2×181.30 0.82 1.61 0.25 0.26(NH4) 2HPO4 + 2KOH = K2HPO4 + 2NH3 + 2H2O132 2× 56 174 2×17 2×181.40 1.19 1.85 0.36 0.38总消耗KOH量：455.16+10.35+0.82+1.19=467.52kg总生成NH3量：138.17+ 3.14+ 0.25+0.36=141.92 kg总生成H2O量：146.30+3.33+ 0.26+0.38=1

6、50.27 kg生成KH2PO4量：1105.38 kg生成K2 SO4量：16.08 kg生成K2 SiF6量：1.61 kg生成K2HPO4量：1.85 kg消耗40%KOH量：467.52/40%=1168.80kg，其中水701.28kg物料平衡表反应物生成物磷酸一铵溶液物料质量物料质量分率%NH4H2PO4934.7KH2PO41105.38(NH4)2HPO41.4K2 SO416.08(NH4)2SO412.2K2 SiF61.61(NH4)2SiF61.3K2HPO41.85不溶物杂质0.4NH3141.92干基950.0不溶物杂质0.40H2O1250.0H2O2101.55

7、22003368.79碱液KOH467.52H2O701.281168.803368.80反应生成物组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41105.3832.810.5260K2 SO416.080.480.0077K2 SiF61.610.05K2HPO41.850.05NH3141.924.21不溶物杂质0.400.01干1267.2437.62H2O2101.5562.383368.79100四、汽提脱氨浓缩浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。

8、KH2PO4在90时溶解度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：1105.38/0.785=1408.13kg蒸发水量：2101.55-1408.13=693.42 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41105.3843.6398.220.7850K2 SO416.080.631.430.0114K2 SiF61.610.060.140.0011K2HPO41.850.070.160.0013不溶物杂质0.400.020.04干1125.3244.42100H2O1408.1355.582533.45100五、结晶浓缩液冷却终点温度为

9、40，40时KH2PO4溶解度为0.335kg/kgH2O结晶量=(0.7850.335)×1408.13=633.66kg ，1000kg浓缩液可产出KH2PO4结晶为250.12kg1000kg结晶蒸发水量：1094kg结晶收率：633.66/1105.38=57.33%结晶过程杂质全部析出结晶晶浆组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（S）633.6625.01KH2PO4（L）471.7218.620.335K2 SO416.080.630.0114K2 SiF61.610.060.0011K2HPO41.850.070.0013不溶物杂质（S）0.4

10、00.02干1125.3244.42H2O1408.1355.582533.45100结晶母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4471.7224.8396.020.335K2 SO416.080.853.270.0114K2 SiF61.610.080.330.0011K2HPO41.850.100.380.0013干491.2625.86100H2O1408.1374.141899.39100六、结晶分离采用离心机对结晶与母液进行分离，由于在离心过程中不可能将水分全部脱除，晶体带水一般在2%2.5%左右。假定离心分离后的晶体带水为2.5%（湿基），则干基带水

11、为2.56%。假设离心残液带水中带入干盐量为X kg，则离心结晶干料总是为（634.06+X）kg。离心残液带水量：（634.06+X）×2.56%则X=（634.06+X）×2.56%×25.86%/74.14%X=5.71 kg结晶中带入KH2PO4的量：5.71×96.02%=5.48 kg结晶中带入K2 SO4的量：5.71×3.27%=0.19 kg结晶中带入K2 SiF6的量：5.71×0.33%=0.02 kg结晶中带入K2HPO4的量：5.71×0.38%=0.02 kg结晶带入水量（634.06+5.71）

12、×2.56%=16.38kg结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%干基分率%KH2PO4639.1497.4199.90K2 SO40.190.030.03K2 SiF60.020.0030.003K2HPO40.020.0030.003不溶物杂质0.400.060.06干639.7797.50100H2O16.382.50656.15100母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4466.2424.8396.020.335K2 SO415.890.853.270.0114K2 SiF61.590.080.330.0011K2HPO41.830.100.3

13、80.0013干485.5525.86100H2O1391.7574.141877.30100七、母液循环的计算1、一次母液循环（1）混合母液加入反应液中，与反应液进行混合反应完成组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41105.3832.810.5260K2 SO416.080.480.0077K2 SiF61.610.05K2HPO41.850.05NH3141.924.21不溶物杂质0.400.01干1267.2437.62H2O2101.5562.383368.79100一次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4466.2424.

14、8396.020.335K2 SO415.890.853.270.0114K2 SiF61.590.080.330.0011K2HPO41.830.100.380.0013干485.5525.86100H2O1391.7574.141877.30100混合液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41571.6229.960.4499K2 SO431.970.610.0091K2 SiF63.200.06K2HPO43.680.07NH3141.922.70不溶物杂质0.400.01干1752.7933.41H2O3493.3066.595246.09100（2）、汽提脱氨

15、浓缩浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。KH2PO4在90时溶解度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：1571.62/0.785=2002.06kg蒸发水量：3493.30-2002.06=1491.24 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41571.6243.5097.560.7850K2 SO431.970.881.980.016K2 SiF63.200.090.200.0016K2HPO43.680.100

16、.230.0018不溶物杂质0.400.010.02干1610.8744.59100H2O2002.0655.413612.93100（3）、结晶浓缩液冷却终点温度为40，40时KH2PO4溶解度为0.335kg/kgH2O结晶量=(0.7850.335)×2002.06=900.93kg ，1000kg浓缩液可产出KH2PO4结晶为249.36kg结晶收率：900.93/1571.62=57.32%1000kg结晶蒸发水量：1655.22kg结晶过程杂质全部析出结晶晶浆组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（S）900.9324.94KH2PO4（L）670

17、.6918.560.335K2 SO431.970.880.016K2 SiF63.200.090.0016K2HPO43.680.100.0018不溶物杂质（S）0.400.01干1610.8744.59H2O2002.0655.413612.93100二次结晶母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）670.6924.7394.520.335K2 SO431.971.184.500.016K2 SiF63.200.120.450.0016K2HPO43.680.130.520.0018干709.5426.17100H2O2002.0673.832711.

18、60100（4）、结晶分离采用离心机对结晶与母液进行分离，由于在离心过程中不可能将水分全部脱除，晶体带水一般在2%2.5%左右。假定离心分离后的晶体带水为2.5%（湿基），则干基带水为2.56%。假设离心残液带水中带入干盐量为X kg，则离心结晶干料总是为（900.93+X）kg。离心残液带水量：（900.93+X）×2.56%则X=（900.93+X）×2.56%×26.17%/73.83%X=8.25kg结晶中带入KH2PO4的量：8.25×94.52%=7.80 kg结晶中带入K2 SO4的量：8.25×4.50%=0.37 kg结晶中带

19、入K2 SiF6的量：8.25×0.45%=0.04 kg结晶中带入K2HPO4的量：8.25×0.52%=0.04 kg结晶带入水量（900.93+8.25）×2.56%=23.28kg结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%干基分率%KH2PO4908.7397.4199.91K2 SO40.370.040.04K2 SiF60.040.0040.004K2HPO40.040.0040.004不溶物杂质0.400.040.04干909.5897.50100H2O23.282.50932.86100二次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH

20、2PO4（L）662.8924.7394.520.335K2 SO431.601.184.500.016K2 SiF63.160.120.450.0016K2HPO43.640.130.520.0018干701.2926.17100H2O1978.7873.832680.071002、二次母液循环（1）混合母液加入反应液中，与反应液进行混合反应完成组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41105.3832.810.5260K2 SO416.080.480.0077K2 SiF61.610.05K2HPO41.850.05NH3141.924.21不溶物杂质0.400.01

21、干1267.2437.62H2O2101.5562.383368.79100二次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）662.8924.7394.520.335K2 SO431.601.184.500.016K2 SiF63.160.120.450.0016K2HPO43.640.130.520.0018干701.2926.17100H2O1978.7873.832680.07100混合液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41768.2729.230.4333K2 SO447.680.790.0117K2 SiF64.770.0

22、8K2HPO45.490.09NH3141.922.35不溶物杂质0.400.006干1968.5332.54H2O4080.3367.466048.86100（2）、汽提脱氨浓缩浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。KH2PO4在90时溶解度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：1768.27/0.785=2252.53kg蒸发水量：4080.33-2252.53=1827.8 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4

23、1768.2743.3596.810.7850K2 SO447.681.172.610.021K2 SiF64.770.120.260.002K2HPO45.490.130.300.002不溶物杂质0.400.0090.02干1826.6144.78100H2O2252.5355.224079.14100（3）、结晶浓缩液冷却终点温度为40，40时KH2PO4溶解度为0.335kg/kgH2O结晶量=(0.7850.335)×2252.53=1013.64kg ，1000kg浓缩液可产出KH2PO4结晶为248.49kg结晶收率：1013.64/1768.27=57.32%1000k

24、g结晶蒸发水量：1803kg结晶过程杂质全部析出结晶晶浆组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（S）1013.6424.85KH2PO4（L）754.6318.500.335K2 SO447.681.170.021K2 SiF64.770.120.002K2HPO45.490.130.002不溶物杂质（S）0.400.009干1826.6144.78H2O2252.5355.224079.14100三次结晶母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）754.6324.6292.870.335K2 SO447.681.555.870.02

25、1K2 SiF64.770.150.590.002K2HPO45.490.180.670.002干812.5726.51100H2O2252.5373.493065.10100（4）、结晶分离采用离心机对结晶与母液进行分离，由于在离心过程中不可能将水分全部脱除，晶体带水一般在2%2.5%左右。假定离心分离后的晶体带水为2.5%（湿基），则干基带水为2.56%。假设离心残液带水中带入干盐量为X kg，则离心结晶干料总是为（1013.64+X）kg。离心残液带水量：（1013.64+X）×2.56%则X=（1013.64+X）×2.56%×26.51%/73.49%X

26、=9.45kg结晶中带入KH2PO4的量：9.45×92.87%=8.78 kg结晶中带入K2 SO4的量：9.45×5.87%=0.55 kg结晶中带入K2 SiF6的量：9.45×0.59%=0.06 kg结晶中带入K2HPO4的量：9.45×0.67%=0.06 kg结晶带入水量（1013.64+9.45）×2.56%=26.19kg结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%干基分率%KH2PO41022.4297.4099.90K2 SO40.550.050.05K2 SiF60.060.0050.006K2HPO40.060.0050.00

27、6不溶物杂质0.400.040.04干1023.4997.50100H2O26.192.501049.68100三次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）745.8524.6292.870.335K2 SO447.131.555.870.021K2 SiF64.710.150.590.002K2HPO45.430.180.670.002干803.1226.51100H2O2226.3473.493029.461003、三次母液循环（1）混合母液加入反应液中，与反应液进行混合反应完成组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41105.3

28、832.810.5260K2 SO416.080.480.0077K2 SiF61.610.05K2HPO41.850.05NH3141.924.21不溶物杂质0.400.01干1267.2437.62H2O2101.5562.383368.79100三次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）745.8524.6292.870.335K2 SO447.131.555.870.021K2 SiF64.710.150.590.002K2HPO45.430.180.670.002干803.1226.51100H2O2226.3473.493029.46100混

29、合液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41851.2328.930.4277K2 SO463.210.990.0146K2 SiF66.320.10K2HPO47.280.11NH3141.922.22不溶物杂质0.400.006干2070.3632.36H2O4327.8967.646398.25100（2）、汽提脱氨浓缩浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。KH2PO4在90时溶解度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：1851

30、.23/0.785=2358.25kg蒸发水量：4327.89-2358.25=1969.64 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO41851.2343.1996.000.7850K2 SO463.211.473.280.027K2 SiF66.320.150.330.003K2HPO47.280.170.380.003不溶物杂质0.400.0090.02干1928.4444.99100H2O2358.2555.014286.69100（3）、结晶浓缩液冷却终点温度为40，40时KH2PO4溶解度为0.335kg/kgH2O结晶量=(0.7850.335

31、)×2358.25=1061.21kg ，1000kg浓缩液可产出KH2PO4结晶为247.56kg结晶收率：1061.21/1851.23=57.32%1000kg结晶蒸发水量：1856kg结晶过程杂质全部析出结晶晶浆组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（S）1061.2124.76KH2PO4（L）790.0218.430.335K2 SO463.211.470.027K2 SiF66.320.150.003K2HPO47.280.170.003不溶物杂质0.400.009干1928.4444.99H2O2358.2555.014286.69100四次结

32、晶母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）790.0224.5091.140.335K2 SO463.211.967.290.027K2 SiF66.320.200.730.003K2HPO47.280.230.840.003干866.8326.88100H2O2358.2573.123225.08100（4）、结晶分离采用离心机对结晶与母液进行分离，由于在离心过程中不可能将水分全部脱除，晶体带水一般在2%2.5%左右。假定离心分离后的晶体带水为2.5%（湿基），则干基带水为2.56%。假设离心残液带水中带入干盐量为X kg，则离心结晶干料总是为（1061

33、.21+X）kg。离心残液带水量：（1061.21+X）×2.56%则X=（1061.21+X）×2.56%×26.88%/73.12%X=10.08kg结晶中带入KH2PO4的量：10.08×91.14%=9.19 kg结晶中带入K2 SO4的量：10.08×7.29%=0.73 kg结晶中带入K2 SiF6的量：10.08×0.73%=0.07 kg结晶中带入K2HPO4的量：10.08×0.84%=0.08 kg结晶带入水量（1061.21+10.08）×2.56%=27.42kg结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg

34、)分率%干基分率%KH2PO41070.4097.3999.88K2 SO40.730.070.07K2 SiF60.070.0060.006K2HPO40.080.0060.006不溶物杂质0.400.040.04干1071.6897.50100H2O27.422.501099.10100四次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）780.8324.5091.140.335K2 SO462.481.967.290.027K2 SiF66.250.200.730.003K2HPO47.200.230.840.003干856.7626.88100H2O233

35、0.8373.123187.59100七、一次母液浓缩再结晶1、一次母液浓缩母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4466.2424.8396.020.335K2 SO415.890.853.270.0114K2 SiF61.590.080.330.0011K2HPO41.830.100.380.0013干485.5525.86100H2O1391.7574.141877.30100浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。KH2PO4在90时溶解

36、度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：466.24/0.785=593.94kg蒸发水量：1391.75-593.94=797.81 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4466.2443.1996.020.7850K2 SO415.891.473.270.0268K2 SiF61.590.150.330.0027K2HPO41.830.170.380.0031干485.5544.98100H2O593.9455.021079.491002、结晶浓缩液冷却终点温度为40，40时KH2PO4溶解度为0.335kg/kgH2O结晶量=(0

37、.7850.335)×593.94=267.27kg ，1000kg浓缩液可产出KH2PO4结晶为247.59kg结晶收率：267.27/466.24=57.32%结晶过程杂质全部析出结晶晶浆组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（S）267.2724.76KH2PO4（L）198.9718.430.335K2 SO415.891.470.0268K2 SiF61.590.150.0027K2HPO41.830.170.0031干485.5544.98H2O593.9455.021079.49100二次结晶母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg

38、H2OKH2PO4（L）198.9724.5091.150.335K2 SO415.891.967.280.0268K2 SiF61.590.200.730.0027K2HPO41.830.220.840.0031干218.2826.87100H2O593.9473.13812.221003、二次结晶分离采用离心机对结晶与母液进行分离，由于在离心过程中不可能将水分全部脱除，晶体带水一般在2%2.5%左右。假定离心分离后的晶体带水为2.5%（湿基），则干基带水为2.56%。假设离心残液带水中带入干盐量为X kg，则离心结晶干料总是为（267.27+X）kg。离心残液带水量：（267.27+X）&

39、#215;2.56%则X=（267.27+X）×2.56%×26.87%/73.13%X=2.54 kg结晶中带入KH2PO4的量：2.54×91.15%=2.32 kg结晶中带入K2 SO4的量：2.54×7.28%=0.18 kg结晶中带入K2 SiF6的量：2.54×0.73%=0.02 kg结晶中带入K2HPO4的量：2.54×0.84%=0.02 kg结晶带入水量（267.27+2.54）×2.56%=6.91kg二次结晶组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%干基分率%KH2PO4269.5997.4299.92K2 S

40、O40.180.070.07K2 SiF60.020.0070.007K2HPO40.020.0070.007干269.8197.50100H2O6.912.50276.72100二次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）196.6524.5091.150.335K2 SO415.711.967.280.0268K2 SiF61.570.200.730.0027K2HPO41.810.220.840.0031干215.7426.87100H2O587.0373.13802.77100八、二次母液浓缩再结晶1、二次母液浓缩二次母液组成物料名称物料量(kg)

41、分率%分率%Kg/kg H2OKH2PO4（L）196.6524.5091.150.335K2 SO415.711.967.280.0268K2 SiF61.570.200.730.0027K2HPO41.810.220.840.0031干215.7426.87100H2O587.0373.13802.77100浓缩终点的确定浓缩液沸点温度为113，在地下槽时温度降为10，输送管路温度降为2，为安全起见（防止在管路中结晶堵塞管道），当混合溶液温度降至90时为饱和溶液。KH2PO4在90时溶解度0.785kg/kgH2O则浓缩终点混合溶液的含水量为：196.65/0.785=250.51kg蒸发水量：587.03-250.51=336.52 kg浓缩液组成物料名称物料量(