大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组

1、一、常用单词组 education 教育 input in education 教育投入 communal participation 社会参与 enhance the moral awareness of 提高的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德 credit system 学分制 guarantee job assignments 包分配 multidisciplinary 多学科的 key university 重点大学 national expenditure on education 国家 教育经费account for %占百分比intercultural c

2、ommunication 国 际 文 化 交流equal stress on integrity and ability德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育 preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/ 初等/中等/ 高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学 校

3、inservice training course在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修 / 选修 课record of formal schooling学历diploma 文凭， 学历证明1#二、常用句型1、It 作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to say.2、强调句型It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us.3、"All+ 抽象名词 "或" 抽象名词 +itself"(

4、very+ 形容词 )He was all gentleness to her.4、利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a crime.5、 "something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of""something of"相当于"to some extent", 表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为 "anything of " ，可译为 "有点" ，"略微等。 "" 译 为毫无"，&qu

5、ot;全无"o "much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"littleof" 可译为 " 几乎无 " 。 something like 译为 " 有点像，略似。 "They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be somethingof a scholar.6、 同格名词修饰是指of 前后的两个名词都

6、指同一个人或物， "of" 以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如 "her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲 "oThose pigs of girls eat so much.7、as as can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be.8、"It is in(with) as in(with)"It is in life as in a journey.9、 "as goo

7、d as"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.10、"many as well as"和"might as well as" "many as well as"可译为"与其, 不如 ,更好”，”以这样做 为宜”，”如同 ,也可以 "等等。"might as well as"表示不可能的事，可译为 ”犹如","可与一样

8、荒唐”，"与其那样不如这样的好One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.11、"to makeof'的译法(使成为，把当作 )I will make a scientist of my son.12、 too +不定式 "， not(never)too +不定式 "， "too not+ 不定式She is too angry to speak.13、 only(not, all, but, never) too to do so " 和 &q

9、uot;too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式， 凡是 "not" ， "all""but 等字后 +"too to ， " 不定式都失去了否定意义， 在 "too ready(apt) +to do" 结构中，不定式。You know but too yell to hold your tongue.14、"no more than " 句型A home without love is no more a home than a body witho

10、ut a soul is a man.15、"not so muchas"禾口 "not so much as "结构，"not so much as"="not so much as ",其中as有进可换用 but rather ,可译为："与其说是 毋须说是 "。而"not so much as"="without(not)even ， "可译为 "甚至还没有 "。The oceans do not so much divide t

11、he world as unite it .16、 "Nothing is more than" 和 "Nothing is so as" 结构， "Nothing is more than"和"Nothing is soas"都具有最高级比较的意思，"Nothing I" 可换用"no" , "nobody","nowhere" ， "little" ， "few" ， "hardly

12、" ， "scarcely" 等等，可译为 "没有比更为 "， "像再没有了 "， "最 "等。Nothing is more precious than time.17、 "cannot too "结构,"cannot too "意为"It is impossible to overdo"或者，即"无论怎样 也不算过分"。"not"可换用"hardly" , "scarcel

13、y" 等，"too"可换用"enough" ， "sufficient" 等You cannot be too careful.18、" 否定 +but " 结构，在否定词后面的 "but" ，具有 "which not" ， "who not" ， "that not" ，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成"没有不是”或"都”等Nothing is so bad but it might have

14、been worse.19、" 否定 +until(till)" 结构，在否定词 "no" ， "not" ， "never" ， "little" ， "few" ， "seldom"等的后边所接用的 "until/till" ，多数情况下译为 "直到才"， "要才 "，把否定译为肯定。Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.20、"

15、not so but" 和 "not such a but" 结构，这两个结构和 " 否定 +but" 的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的"but"是含有"thatnot"意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为 ”还没有到不能做的程度 "， "并不是不 "， "无论怎样也不是不能 "等。He is not so sick but he can come to school.21、 "疑问词+shouldbut"结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的

16、事，意为"nonebut"，可译 为"除了还有谁会”，”岂料”，”想不到竟是”等。Who should write it but himself?22、"who knows but (that) " 和 "who could should but" 结构，这个结构是反问形式， 一般意译为 "多半"， "亦未可知 "等等，有时也可直译。Who knows but (that) he may go?23、 "祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"结构，”

17、祈使句+and"表示"Ifyou","祈使名+or"表示 "if not ,you。Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteous ness to a city and youhave a com mun ity. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.24、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would los

18、e his temper.25、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would lose his temper.26.lt is not that but that 这不是说，而是说27. nothi ng else tha n完全是，实在是例文What the man said was nothing else tha n nonsen se.译文那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。28. morethan结构有三种译法：than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为与其

19、说不如说；进行同类比较时，译成比更.例文 The complexity of the huma n situati on and injustice of the social order dema nd far more fun dame ntal cha nges in the basic structure of society itself tha n some politicia ns are willi ng to admit in their speeches.译文人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革， 而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的29

20、. 虚拟语气是常考点My computer must have gone wrong, because I could not boot it.提纲式作文1 .对立观点式A .有人认为X是好事，赞成X,为什么？B .有人认为X是坏事，反对X,为什么？C 我的看法。Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X的另一个原因。However, other people sta nd on a differe nt gro

21、und. They con sider it harmfulto do X. They firmly point out that反对 X 的第一个理由。An example can give thedetails of this argume nt:个例子。There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadva ntages. In additi on to the above-me nti oned n egative effects it might brin

22、g about, X also may X的有一个坏处。2. 批驳观点式A .一个错误观点。B .我不同意。Many people argue that错误观点。By say ing that, they mean对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that一个例子。（ According to a surveyperformed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。's belief. But if we与错误观点相以下参照辩论文的议论Th

23、ere might be some eleme nt of truth in these people con sider it in depth, we will feel no reservati on to con elude that 反的观点。 There are a nu mber of reasons beh ind my belief.（文写法）。3. 社会问题（现象）式A .一个社会问题或者现象。B.产生的原因C .对社会和我们生活的影响D .如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）E .前景的预测。Nowadays, there exists an in creas in gly se

24、rious social/ec onom ic/e nvir onmen tal problem. （X has in creas in gly become a com mon concern of the public）. Accord ing to a survey,调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。There are a couple of reasons boo ming this problem/phe nomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。X has caused substantialimpact on the society and our daily l

25、ife, which has beenarticulated（表达）in the followi ng aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。A doze n of measures are supposed to take to preve nt X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。Based on the above discussi on s, I can easily forecast that more and more peoplewill ,.写作模板一一图表式作文It is obvious in the graph/table

26、that the rate/nu mber/am ount of Y has un derg onedramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years （as X varies）. At the point of（接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of ,（多少）.What is the reason for this cha nge? Mainly there are ,（多少）reasons beh indthe situation reflect

27、ed in the graphic/table. First of all,（第一个原因 ）.Moreimportantly,（第二个原因）.Most important of all,（第三个原因）.From the above discussi ons, we have eno ugh reas on to predict what will happe n inthe near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quitea long time （if n ecessary measures

28、are not take n括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势）.写作模板一一辩论式议论文模版1Some people believe （argue, recog ni ze, thi nk） that观点 1. But other people takean opposite side. They firmly believe that观点 2. As for me, I agree to theformer/latter idea.There are a doze n of reasons beh ind my belief. First of all,论据 1.More importan

29、tly,论据 2.Most important of all,论据 3.In summary,总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to表决心.预测或 From above, we can predict that模版2People hold differe nt views about X. Some people are of the opinion that观点1, while others point out that观点 2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latteropinion holds

30、more weight.For one thing, 论据 1.For another,论据 2.Last but not the least,论据 3.To conclude,总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to表决心.或 From above, we can predict that预测.模版3There is no consensus k ?n'sens ?s 一致 of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。 Some people are of the view that观点 1, whil

31、e others take an oppositeside, firmly believing that观点 2。 As far as I am concerned, the former/latterno ti on (观念)is preferable in many sen ses. The reasons are obvious.First of all, 论据 1。Furthermore, 论据 2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is,论据 3。A n atural con clusi

32、 on from the above discussi on is that总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to表决心.或 From above, we can predict that预测常用句型：1. 表示原因1) There are three reasons for this.2) The reasons for this are as follows.3) The reason for this is obvious.4) The reason for this is not far to seek.5) The reason for

33、 this is that.6) We have good reason to believe that.例: There are three reasons for the cha nges that have take n place in ourlife . Firstly , people ' s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly ,most people are well paid , and they can afford what they need or like. Last butnot least

34、 , more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。女口： Great changes have takenplace in our life . There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2. 表示好处1 ) It has the following advantages2 ) It does us a lot of good.3) It ben efits us quite a lot.4) It is beneficial to

35、 us.5 ) It is of great benefit to us 例： Books are like friends They can help us know the world better， and theycan open our minds and widen our horizons Therefore ，reading extensively is ofgreat benefit to us 3表示坏处1 ) It has more disadvantages than advantages2 ) It does us much harm3 ) It is harmful

36、 to us例： However ，everything divides into two Televisioncan also be harmful to usItcan do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television 4表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1) It is important (necessary ， difficult ， convenient ， possible )for sb to do sth 2 ) We think it necessary t

37、o do sth3) It plays an important role in our life例：Computers are now being used everywhere , whether in the government , in schools or in business Soon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have goodreason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we hav

38、e stepped into the Computer Age 5表示措施1 ) We should take some effective measures 2 )We should try our best to overcome(conquer ) the difficulties 3) We should do our utmost in doing sth4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted( faced ) with 例： The housing problem that we are confronted w

39、ith is becoming more and more serious Therefore ，we must take some effective measures to solve it6表示变化1 ) Some changes have taken place in the past five years2 )A great change will certainly be produced in the world's communications 3 ) The computer has brought about (导致) many changes in educati

40、on 例： Somechanges have taken place in people 's diet in the past five years The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek Nowadays， more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein ， and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事实、现状1 ) We cannot ignore the fac

41、t that2) No one can deny the fact that 3 ) There is no denying the fact that4) This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5) However， that 's not the case例：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution To solve these problems ， we can star

42、t by educating the public about the hazards (危害) of pollutionThe government on its part should also designstricter laws to promote a cleaner environment8表示比较1 ) Compared with A ， B2 ) I prefer to read rather than watch TV3 ) There is a striking contrast between them例 ： Compared with cars ， bicycles

43、have several advantages besides being affordable . Firstly ,they do not consume natural resources of petrol (石油).Secondly , they do not cause the pollution problem Last but not least ，they contribute topeople 's health by giving them due physical exercise.9. 表示数量( decreased ) to 800 ， 000. compa

44、red with that of， the proportion (比例) of1) It has increased ( decreased ) from . to . 2) The population in this city has now increased3) The output of July in this factory increased by 15 January .例： With the improvement of the living standardeducation haspeople 's income spent on food has decre

45、ased while that spent on increased .再如： From the graph listed above， itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000注： “From the graph listed above ， it can be seen that ” 见句式 12。考生将句 式 9 和句式 12 结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002 年 6 月 CET 4、 6短文写作的第一段。10. 表示看法1 ) People have (take， adopt， assume) different attitudes towards sth.2 ) People have different opinions on this problem.3 ) People take different views of(on) the question .4 ) Some people believe that . Others a