定从（关系代词）

1、定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词短语或句子，汉语中常用词短语或句子，汉语中常用“的的”表示。表示。1. Its a beautiful flower.2. Whats your telephone number?3. The TV set made in that factory is very good. 4. The girl who is very beautiful is my wife.The positions of the attribute:（定语的位置）定语的位置）1. This is a flower basket.2. Thi

2、s is a basket full of flowers.3. This is a basket which I want to put flowers in.单个单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的词的前面前面，短语或从句短语或从句作定语时要放作定语时要放于被修饰词的于被修饰词的后面后面。定语从句定语从句 - 在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句The girl who is tallest is called Zhang Hui.定语从句定语从句You must do everything that I do.修饰名词girl修饰代词everything先行词先行词被定语

3、从句所被定语从句所修饰的那个词修饰的那个词引导词引导词关系代词关系副词关系代词和先行词之间的关系关系代词和先行词之间的关系1. The apple which is red is mine.2. The girl that is beautiful is my wife.3. The boy who is fat is Xiao Xin.4. The man whom I met yesterday is old.关系代词关系代词which, that, who, whom=先行词先行词5. The boy whose hair is red is my brother.关系代词关系代词who

4、se = 先行词的所有格先行词的所有格 s关系代词的句法功能及指代功能关系代词的句法功能及指代功能 关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职：身兼三职：连接主从句的纽带连接主从句的纽带、指代先行指代先行词词和和在从句中充当某种句子成分在从句中充当某种句子成分。The apple is mine.The apple is mine.The apple is yours.The apple is small.The apple is big.which is redwhich is greenwhich is redwhich is greenfatlovely

5、naughtyThe boy is XiaoXin.The boy is XiaoXin.The boy is XiaoXin.The boy is XiaoXin.who is fatwho is lovelywho is naughty 指代在从句中的作用关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系副词whenwherewhy人人/ /物物 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语1.将先行词还原到定语从句中将先行词还原到定语从句中2.确定先行词在定语从句中的指代和确定先行词在定语从句中

6、的指代和作用作用例例 1. Wang Leehom _ is very handsome is a pop star.who/that指人指人: : that/who (that/who (主语主语) )RoseJack例例 2. Rose is the lady _ Jack wanted to save.(who/whom/that)指人指人: : who/whom/thatwho/whom/that( (宾语宾语, ,可省略可省略) )例例 3. Titanic is the ship _ sank after hitting an iceberg.which/that指物指物: : t

7、hat/which (that/which (主语主语) )例例 4. The green apple_ my father is eating is big.(that/which)指物指物: : that/which (that/which (宾语宾语, ,可省略可省略) )1. The girl _ is beautiful sells apples.2. The building _ stands near the river is our school.3. The girl_the boy loves sells apples.4. The clothes _ we bought

8、yesterday were very cheap.用（用（who, whom, that , which, 省略）省略） 填空填空who/thatthat/which(who/that/whom)(that/which)Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack? ?穿红裤子穿红裤子的的baby是是Jack。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersJackWhich house is mineWhich house is mine? ?房

9、顶是棕色的房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy housebackHave a try指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1. The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 3. The child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 4. I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.5. His paren

10、ts wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 6. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. Have a tryHave a try.Do you know the student to whom Jane is talking? (不能用不能用who/that,不能省略不能省略whom)注意注意当关系代词紧跟介词，做介词的宾语时，指人只可用whom,指物只可用which,而且此时的关系代词whom或which不能省略。_to ?2. There is a

11、room in which you can study. （不能用不能用that,不能省不能省which）in ._用用( who, whom, 省略省略, that, which )填空填空1. Is Jack a very good man to_ Rose talked?2. Is Jack a very good man _ _ Rose talked to?3. The book from _ we got a lot of useful information was written by him.4. The book _ we got a lot of useful infor

12、mation from was written by him.whom(who/whom/that)which(which/that)例例5. Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident. A. which B. whose C. of which D. thatBwhosewhose表示先行词的所属关系，指人表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用和物时都用whose,whose,可理解为可理解为“的的”I know the doctor.His daughter studies abroad. I kn

13、ow the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.Have you seen my book?The books cover is red. Have you seen my book whose cover is red?ExercisesExercises1. Whats the name of the boy _ bicycle you borrowed?A.whom B.who C.that D.whose2. I like the rooms _windows face south.whosewhose经常后接名词，这结构可以用经常后接名词，这结

14、构可以用the+名词名词of+whom/which来替换，意义不来替换，意义不变。变。He is an excellent teacher,whose daughter studies abroad. the daughter of whom studies abroad. 链接链接1. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _was very reasonable. (2000上海上海) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose2. Have

15、you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. its C. whose D. whichI am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. 1. 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不等不 定代词时。定代词时。2. 先行词被先行词被all, every, no, so

16、me, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。只能用只能用thatthat不能用不能用whichwhich的情况的情况This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。4. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。5.先行词指人又指事物先行词指人又指事物They talked about the people and things (that) they met at college. There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. 8. 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时 She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.7. 主句以主句以There be 引导时引导时6. who或或w