opengl编程指南程序

1、#include "stdafx.h"#include <glut.h>#include <gl/gl.h>void display() glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor4f(1.0,1.0,0.0,1.0); / set the point color glPointSize(10); glBegin(GL_POLYGON); glVertex2f(0.0,0.0); glVertex2f(0.0,3.0); glVertex2f(4.0,3.0

2、); glVertex2f(6.0,1.5); glVertex2f(4.0,0.0); glEnd(); glFlush();int main(int argc, char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); glutCreateWindow("第一个OpenGL程序"); glutDisplayFunc(display);

3、glutMainLoop(); return 0;#include "stdafx.h"#include <glut.h>#include <gl/gl.h>void display() glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor4f(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); / set the point color glPointSize(10); glBegin(GL_POINTS); glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5,0.0); glVertex3

4、f(0.5,-0.5,0.0); glVertex3f(0.5,0.5,0.0); glVertex3f(-0.5,0.5,0.0); glEnd(); glFlush();int main(int argc, char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); glutCreateWindow("第一个OpenGL程序"); glu

5、tDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); return 0;#include "stdafx.h"#include <glut.h>#include <gl/gl.h>void display() glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor4f(1.0,1.0,0.0,1.0); glPointSize(10); glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glVertex3f(0.25,0.25,0.0); glVer

6、tex3f(0.75,0.25,0.0); glVertex3f(0.75,0.75,0.0); glEnd(); glFlush();int main(int argc, char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); glutCreateWindow("第台?一?个?OpenGL程ì序ò"); glutDi

7、splayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); return 0;#include <glut.h>#include <gl/gl.h>void display()/ 绘?制?函数簓 glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor4f(1.0,1.0,0.0,1.0); glPointSize(10);glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_LINE);glBegin(GL_POLYGON);glEdgeFlag(GL_TRUE

8、);glVertex3f (0.25,0.25,0.0);glEdgeFlag(GL_FALSE);glVertex3f(0.75,0.25,0.0);glEdgeFlag(GL_TRUE);glVertex3f(0.75,0.75,0.0); glEnd(); glFlush();int main(int argc, char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutInitWindowSize(40

9、0, 400); glutCreateWindow("标括?记?多à变?形?边?界?边?"); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); return 0;#include "stdafx.h"#pragma comment( lib, "opengl32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glu32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glut32.lib")#include <stdlib

10、.h>#include <glut.h>void background(void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);/设?置?背?景°颜?色?为a黑ú色?void myDisplay(void)glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);/buffer设?置?为a颜?色?可é写glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);/开a始?画-三角?形?glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);/设?置?为a光a滑?明÷暗悝?模式?glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);/设?置?第台?一?个?

11、顶￥点?为a红ì色?glVertex2f(-1.0,-1.0);/设?置?第台?一?个?顶￥点?的?坐?标括?为a（辍?1.0，?-1.0）?glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);/设?置?第台?二t个?顶￥点?为a绿ì色?glVertex2f(0.0,-1.0);/设?置?第台?二t个?顶￥点?的?坐?标括?为a（辍?.0，?-1.0）?glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0);/设?置?第台?三个?顶￥点?为a蓝?色?glVertex2f(-0.5,1.0);/设?置?第台?三个?顶￥点?的?坐?标括?为a（辍?0.5，?1.0）?glEnd();/三角?形

12、?结á束?glFlush();/强?制?OpenGL函数簓在ú有瓺限T时骸?间?内ú运?行Dvoid myReshape(GLsizei w,GLsizei h)glViewport(0,0,w,h);/设?置?视酣?口úglMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);/指?明÷当獭?前°矩?阵ó为aGL_PROJECTIONglLoadIdentity();/将?当獭?前°矩?阵ó置?换?为a单蹋?位?阵óif(w <= h)gluOrtho2D(-1.0,1.5,-1.5,1.

13、5*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w);/定¨义?二t维?正y视酣?投?影?矩?阵óelsegluOrtho2D(-1.0,1.5*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h,-1.5,1.5);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);/指?明÷当獭?前°矩?阵ó为aGL_MODELVIEWint main(int argc,char * argv)/*初?始?化*/glutInit(&argc,argv);glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);glutInitWin

14、dowSize(400,400);glutInitWindowPosition(200,200);/*创洹?建¨窗洹?口ú*/glutCreateWindow("Triangle");/*绘?制?与?显?示?*/background();glutReshapeFunc(myReshape);glutDisplayFunc(myDisplay);glutMainLoop();return(0);#include "stdafx.h"#pragma comment( lib, "opengl32.lib" )#prag

15、ma comment( lib, "glu32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glut32.lib")#include <stdlib.h>#include <glut.h>static int shoulder = 0, elbow = 0;/shoulder：肩部角度，elbow：肘部角度void init(void) glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);void display(void) glClear(GL_C

16、OLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix();/把当前的变换矩阵压入opengl内部栈中，用以保存当前矩阵 /画机器人的上臂 glTranslatef(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);/用平移矩阵乘当前矩阵，格式为glTranslatef(x,y,z) glRotatef(GLfloat) shoulder, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);/用旋转矩阵乘当前矩阵，格式为glRotatef（角度，x轴，y轴，z轴），这里是绕z轴旋转 glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);/再用平移矩阵乘当前矩阵，注意顺序 glPushMatrix();/变

17、换矩阵压栈 glScalef(2.0f, 0.4f, 1.0f);/用缩放矩阵乘以当前矩阵，格式为 glRotatef（缩放比例，y缩放比例，z缩放比例） glutWireCube(1.0f);/glut库函数，画一个三维Cube，参数为边长 glPopMatrix();/弹栈，现在矩阵恢复到使用缩放前的样子/画机器人的前臂，请注意平移矩阵和旋转矩阵的变化 glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glRotatef(GLfloat) elbow, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glPushMatri

18、x(); glScalef(2.0f, 0.4f, 1.0f); glutWireCube(1.0f); glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glFlush();void reshape (int width, int height) glViewport(0, 0, width, height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(65.0f, (GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height, 1.0f, 20.0f);/建立一个透视投影视图体，格式为：gluPer

19、spective（视域的角度，宽高比，视点到近裁剪面的距离（总为正） glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -5.0f);/用平移矩阵乘当前矩阵，注意，这会将所有绘制过程中绘制的物体平移void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) switch (key) case 'a':/处理四个按键，改变旋转角度，转动手臂 shoulder = (shoulder + 5) % 360; glutPostRedisplay();/重画 b

20、reak; case 'd': shoulder = (shoulder - 5) % 360; glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'q': elbow = (elbow + 5) % 360; glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'e': elbow = (elbow - 5) % 360; glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'x': exit(0); break; default: break; int main(int argc,

21、char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutCreateWindow("Transform"); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); glutMainLoop(); return

22、0;#include "stdafx.h"#pragma comment( lib, "opengl32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glu32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glut32.lib")#include <stdlib.h>#include <glut.h>static int year = 0,day = 0;void init(void) glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glSha

23、deModel(GL_FLAT);void display(void) glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0); glPushMatrix(); glutWireSphere(1.0,20,16); glRotatef(GLfloat) year, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glTranslatef(2.0, 0.0, 0.0); glRotatef(GLfloat) day, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glutWireSphere(0.2,10,8); glPopMatrix(); glutSwapBuffers(

24、);void reshape (int w, int h) glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei)w, (GLsizei) h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(65.0f, (GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h, 1.0, 20.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); gluLookAt(0.0,0.0,5.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0,20.0);void keyboard(unsigned char k

25、ey, int x, int y) switch (key) case 'd': day=(day+10)%360;glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'D': day=(day-10)%360; glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'y': year=(year+5)%360;glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 'Y': year=(year-5)%360; glutPostRedisplay(); break; default: brea

26、k; int main(int argc, char* argv) glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE| GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutCreateWindow(argv0); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); glutMainLoop(); re

27、turn 0;#include "stdafx.h"#pragma comment( lib, "opengl32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glu32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glut32.lib")#include <stdlib.h>#include <glut.h>void init(void) glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);void d

28、isplay(void)GLdouble eqn4=0.0,1.0,0.0,0.0;GLdouble eqn24=1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0;glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);glPushMatrix();glTranslatef(0.0,0.0,-5.0);glClipPlane(GL_CLIP_PLANE0,eqn);glEnable(GL_CLIP_PLANE0);glClipPlane(GL_CLIP_PLANE1,eqn2);glEnable(GL_CLIP_PLANE1);glRotatef(90.0,1.0

29、,0.0,0.0);glutWireSphere(1.0,20,16);glPopMatrix();glFlush();void reshape (int w, int h) glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei)w, (GLsizei) h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(60.0, (GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h, 1.0, 20.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); int main(int argc, char* argv) glutIni

30、t(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE| GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100); glutCreateWindow(argv0); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutMainLoop(); return 0;Opengl相关库函数：GLU:设置视点矩阵和投影矩阵、执行多边形网格化以及渲染曲面等任务。GLX:X窗口系统WGL;win

31、dows和OPengl之间的接口。GLUT:opengl'实用工具包。包含头文件件：#include<GL/gl.h> #include<windows.h> #include<GL/glu.h> #incude”glext.h”GLX时：#include<X11/Xlib.h> #include<GL/glx.h>WGL时： #include<windows.h>使用GLUT: #include<GL/glut.h>标准C语言库系统调用，与图形无关的头文件#include<stdlib.h>

32、;#include<stdio.h>1. 窗口管理：glutInit(int*argc,char*argv):初始化glut并处理命令行参数。 glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH) glutInitWindowPosition(int x,int y):指定窗口左上角在屏幕上的位置。 glutInitWindowSize(int width,int size)指定窗口的大小单位为像素 Int glutCreateWindow(char *string)：使用一个opengl场景创建一个窗口2. 显示回调函数glut

33、DisplayFunc（void（*func）（void） glutPostDisplayFunc（void）3.运行程序：glutMainLoop(void)范例1.2一个使用GLUT的简单的OPengl程序：hello.c#include "stdafx.h"#include <stdlib.h>#include<stdio.h>#include <glut.h> #include<windows.h>void display(void)glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);glColor3f(1.0,

34、1.0,1.0);glBegin(GL_POLYGON);glVertex3f(0.25,0.25,0.0);glVertex3f(0.75,0.25,0.0);glVertex3f(0.75,0.75,0.0);glVertex3f(0.25,0.75,0.0);glEnd();glFlush();void init (void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glOrtho(0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,-1.0,1.0);int main (int argc ,char*argv)glutInit(&a

35、mp;argc,argv);glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);glutInitWindowSize(250,250);glutInitWindowPosition(100,100);glutCreateWindow("hello");init();glutDisplayFunc(display);glutMainLoop();return 0; 4. 处理输入事件glutReshapeFunc(void(*func)(int w,int h):指定窗口大小发生改变时应采取的措施glutKeyboardFunc(void(*f

36、unc)(unsigned char key,int x,int y)glutMouseFunc(void(*func)(int button,int state,int x,int y)指定当特定的键和鼠标按钮被按下或者松开时应调用的调用。glutMotionFunc(void(*func)(intx,inty)注册了当用户按下鼠标按钮并移动鼠标时应调用的回调函数。5. 管理后台处理glutIdleFunc(void(*func)(void)6. 绘制三维物体(后一种指定了面法线)void glutWireCube(GLdouble size);Void glutSolidCube(GLdo

37、uble size);void glutWireSphere(GLdouble radius,GLint slices,GLint stacks);void glutSolidSphere(GLdouble radius,GLint slices,GLint stacks);范例1.3使用双缓存的程序#include "stdafx.h"#pragma comment( lib, "opengl32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "glu32.lib" )#pragma comment( lib, "

38、;glut32.lib")#include <stdlib.h>#include <glut.h>static GLfloat spin = 0.0;void init(void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);void display(void)glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);glPushMatrix();glRotatef(spin,0.0,0.0,1.0);glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);glRectf(-25.0,-25.0,25.0,25.

39、0);glPopMatrix();glutSwapBuffers();void spinDisplay(void)spin = spin+2.0;if(spin>360.0)spin = spin - 360.0;glutPostRedisplay();void reshape(int w,int h)glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei)w,(GLsizei) h);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity();glOrtho(-50.0,50.0,-50.0,50.0,-1.0,1.0);glMatrixMode(GL_MODEL

40、VIEW);glLoadIdentity();void mouse(int button,int state,int x,int y)switch(button)case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:if (state=GLUT_DOWN)glutIdleFunc(spinDisplay);break;case GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON:if (state=GLUT_DOWN)glutIdleFunc(NULL);break;default:break;int main (int argc ,char*argv)glutInit(&argc,argv);glutIni

41、tDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGB);glutInitWindowSize(250,250);glutInitWindowPosition(100,100);glutCreateWindow("argv0");init();glutDisplayFunc(display);glutReshapeFunc(reshape);glutMouseFunc(mouse);glutMainLoop();return 0;1.RGBA模式窗口的背景设置为黑色glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);清空颜色设置为黑色glClear(GL

42、_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);窗口的背景设置为当前清空颜色。2.清除颜色和深度缓存glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glClearDepth(1.0);glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);3. 首次打开窗口、移动窗口、改变窗口大小时系统都将发送一个事件，调用向glutReshapeFunc()注册的函数。重新创建用作渲染画布的矩形区域；定义绘制物体时使用的坐标系。范例2.1Void reshape(int w,int h)glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei) w,(GLsizei ) h

43、);调整像素矩形glMatriMode(GL_PROJECTION);调整绘图坐标系glLoadIdentity();gluOrtho2D(0.0,(GLdouble) w,0.0,(GLdouble) h);范例2.3绘制填充多边形#include "stdafx.h"#include<glut.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<windows.h>void display(void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glClear(GL_C

44、OLOR_BUFFER_BIT);glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);/*glPointSize(10);*/glBegin(GL_POLYGON); glVertex2f(0.0,0.0); glVertex2f(0.0,3.0); glVertex2f(4.0,3.0); glVertex2f(6.0,1.5); glVertex2f(4.0,0.0); glEnd(); glFlush();void init(void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity();glOrt

45、ho(-5.0,10.0,-3.0,5.0,-1.0,1.0);int main (int argc ,char*argv)glutInit(&argc,argv);glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);glutInitWindowSize(250,250);glutInitWindowPosition(100,100);glutCreateWindow("hello");init();glutDisplayFunc(display);glutMainLoop();return 0;#include "stda

46、fx.h"#include<glut.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<windows.h>#define drawOneLine(x1,y1,x2,y2) glBegin(GL_LINES);glVertex2f(x1),(y1);glVertex2f(x2),(y2); glEnd();void init(void)glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);void display(void)int i;glCle

47、ar(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE);glLineStipple(1,0x0101);drawOneLine(50.0,125.0,150.0,125.0);glLineStipple(1,0x00FF);drawOneLine(150.0,125.0,250.0,125.0);glLineStipple(1,0x1c47);drawOneLine(250.0,125.0,350.0,125.0); glLineWidth(5.0);glLineStipple(1,0x0101);dra

48、wOneLine(50.0,100.0,150.0,100.0);glLineStipple(1,0x00FF);drawOneLine(150.0,100.0,250.0,100.0);glLineStipple(1,0x1C47);drawOneLine(250.0,100.0,350.0,100.0);glLineWidth(1.0);glLineStipple(1,0x1C47);glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);for(i=0;i<7;i+)glVertex2f(50.0+(GLfloat)i*50.0),75.0); glEnd(); for(i=0;i<6

49、;i+) drawOneLine(50.0+(GLfloat)i*50.0),50.0, 50.0+(GLfloat)(i+1)*50.0),50.0); glLineStipple(5,0x1C47); drawOneLine(50.0,25.0,350.0,25.0); glDisable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE); glFlush(); void reshape(int w,int h) glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei) w,(GLsizei) h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluOrtho2

50、D(0.0,(GLdouble)w,0.0,(GLdouble) h); int main(int argc,char*argv) glutInit(&argc,argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);glutInitWindowSize(400,150); glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); glutCreateWindow(argv0); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutMainLoop(); ret

51、urn 0; #include "stdafx.h"#include<glut.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<windows.h>void display(void)GLubyte fly =0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x80,0x01,0xC0,0x06,0xC0,0x03,0x60,0x04,0x60,0x06,0x20,0x04,0x30,0x0C,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x18,0x20,0x04,0x0C,0x30,0x20,0x04,0x06,0x60,0x20,0x44,0x03,0xC0,0x22,0x44,0x01,0x80,0x22,0x44,0x01,0x80,0x22,0x44,0x01,0x80,0x22,0x44,0x01,0x80