智能建筑中英文对照

1、外文文献:TheIntelligentBuildingOneofthebenefitsoftherapidevolutionofinformationtechnologyhasbeenthedevelopmentofsystemsthatcanmeasure,evaluate,andrespondtochangeoAnenhancedabilitytocontrolchangehassparkeddevelopmentsinthewaywedesignourphysicalenvironment,inparticular,thebuildingsinwhichwework。Asaresult,

2、wearcwitnessingsignificantgrowthintheareaofnIntclligcntBuildings11buildingsthatincorporateinformationtechnologyandcommunicationsystems,makingthemmorecomfortable,secure,productive,andcost-cffcctivcWhatisanIntelligentBuilding?AnIntelligentBuildingisoneequippedwiththetelecommunicationsinfrastructuretha

3、tenablesittocontinuouslyrespondandadapttochangingconditions,allowing&)ramoreefficientuseofresourcesandincreasingthecomfortandsecurity()fitsoccupantsoAnIntelligentBuildingprovidesthesebenefitsthroughautomatedcontrolsystemssuchas:heating,ventilation,andair-conditioning(HVAC)；firesafety;security;an

4、dcncrgT/lightingmanagement。Forexample,intheeaseofafire,thefirealarmcommunicateswiththesecuritysystemtounlockthedoors。ThesecuritysystemcommunicateswiththeHVACsystemtoregulatetheflowofairtopreventthefirefromspreading。WhatbenefitsdoIntelligentBuildingsoffertheirownersandoccupants?Theintroductioninthewo

5、rkplaceofcomputersprintersphotocopiers,andfaxmachineshasincreasedindoorpollutionoElectricalandtelecommunicationsfacilitiesinofficebuildingsarcunderpressuretosatisfythedemandscreatedbytherapidgrowthofcomputerandncorkingtechnologiesoThesefactorshaveadefiniteimpactonproductivity.Newtechnologycallbeused

6、tocreateIntelligentBuildingsthataddresstheseproblemsbyprovidingahealthier,moreproductive,andlesscncrg-intensiveworkenvironment。Asthesearccriticalfactorsforbusinesssuccess,ownersofIntelligentBuildingshaveaclearadvantageinattractingandretaining21st-centurytenantsoHowdoIntelligentBuildingsleadtocostsav

7、ings?TheIntelligentBuildingconceptrecognizesthatthetruecostofabuildingisnotsimplyitscostofconstruction;itmustcontainthecostsofoperateandmaintenanceoverthestructure'slifespan。Byoptimizatingautomatedcontrol,communication,andmanagementsystems,IntelligentBuildingscosthasreducedinalloftheseareasoThey

8、alsoguardagainsttheincreasingofrepairingcosts,productivityloss,revenueloss,andthelossofcustomersoCananIntelligentBuildinginfrastructurebeinstalledinexistingbuildings?YesoThekeycompetencyofvraiisformatingconventionalbuildingsintointelligentonesisinstallingsinglestructuredcablingnetwork。Standardbuildi

9、ngsfeaturedinusingdifferentkindsofdesignsandadministrationmethodsfromsystemtosystemoTheadditionalfacilityofconstructionstruevuredturnsaconventionalbuildingintoanintelligentonewhichcallprovidewithincreasedefficiencyandguardingitagainstsystembreakdowns©WhydoIntelligentBuildingsincreasinglybecomea

10、partofbusinessimperative?Becausetheycontributetothebusinessrequirementsasfollows:Tocommunicatedataquicklyandreliably T。exercisegreatercontrolovertheworkenvironment Toimproveproductivityandcost-cffcctivcncssInresponsetotheseneeds,itoffersitsBusinessSolutionofintelligentwiring。Intelligentbuildingsdesi

11、gnandconstructionmanagementsystemsThefieldofIntelligentBuildings,IntelligentHomes,BuildingManagementSystems(BMS)encompassanenormousvarietyoftechnologies,acrosscommercial,industrial,institutionalanddomesticbuildingswhichincludingcncrgrmanagementsystemsandbuildingcontrols©ThefunctionofBuildingMan

12、agementSystemsiscentraltointelligentBuildings1concepts；itspurposeistomonitorthefunctionofbuildingsuchaslighting,heaving,security,CCTVandalarmsystems；accesscontrol；audio-visualandentertainmentsystemsventilationfiltrationandclimatecontroletceventime&attendancecontrolandreporting(notablystaffmoveme

13、ntandavailability%Thepotentialwithintheseconceptsandthesurroundingtechnology-isvastandourlivearcchangingfromtheeffectsofIntelligentBuildingsdevelopmentsonourlivingandworkingenvironmentsoTheoriginsofIntelligentBuildingsandBuildingManagementSystemshaverootsintheindustrialsectorinthe1970s,fromthesystem

14、sandcontrolsusedtoautomateproductionprocessesandtooptimiseplantperformancesoTheconceptsandapplicationswerethenadapted,developedandmodularisedduringthe1980's。Intelligentbuildings-controlsystemTheessenceofBuildingManagementSystemsliesintheIntelligentBuildingsandcontroltechnologies,whichallowsinteg

15、ration,automation,optimisingservicesandequipmentprovideservicesandmanagingenvironmentoTheessenceofIntelligentManagementSystemsliesinProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)whichformedtheoriginalbasisofthecontroltechnologiesLaterthedevelopmentsofcommercialandresidentialapplicationswerebasedon"distnbute

16、d-iiitelligencemicroprocessors.TakingadvantageofthesetechnologiesallowstousevariousInternetconstructionandservices,whichoftensignificantlyreducescostandsavesenergy0Heating-time-basedcontrol- Temperaturecontrol:whenexternaltemperaturereachesasetlevel(0),runheatingsystempumpstoprotectthesystemfromfree

17、zingorfrost.- Compensatedsystems:Itwillheattemperaturetocontroltheelectricitywhenthetemperaturedropsandthiswillgiveariseinthecircuitflowtemperature.- Thermostaticradiatorvalves:thethermodetectorofwhichinstallinginthesameroomcanchangetheradiatorradiatesaccordinglytotherelevantflow.- Proportionalcontr

18、ol:includingauto-switchingequipmentandauto-outputadjusting.Lightingcontrolmethods- Zones:Inordertoavoidonlyasmallpartsoflightscanbeusedinalargearea,lightsareswitchedoncorrespondingtotheuseandlayoutofthelitareas.- Timecontrol:toswitchonandoffautomaticallyineachzoneattimestoapresetscheduleforlightuse。

19、- PassiveInfra-Red(PIR)Occupancysensing:Inareaswhichareoccupiedintermittently,occupancysensorscanbeusedtoindicatewhetherornotanybodyispresentandcontroltheswitchoflightsaccordinglyoBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-energysavingsUntilrecentyears,energyefficiencyhasbeenusedatarelativelyl

20、owpriorityandbuildingownersandinvestorspaylittleattentiontoit。However,withthedramaticincreaseofenergyuseanddecreaseofenergycapacity,theconceptofenergycost-efficiencyhasalreadysoonbecametheimportantstrategyofestatemanagement,facilitiesmanagementandalsohasbeinginvolvingintotheconstruction.Forlighting,

21、energysavingscanbeupto75%oftheoriginalcircuitload,whichrepresents5%ofthetotalenergyconsumptionoftheresidentialandcommercialsectorsoExperiencesfromstudiesinAustriasuggestpotentialheatingandcoolingenergysavingsareupto30%inpublicbuildingSoEvenallowingforthefactthatbuildingsusedinthestudymayhavebeenthos

22、ewithparticularlyhighenergyusage,thefigureisanimpressiveoneBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-environmentalandgreenhousegasbenefitsGreenhousegasemissionreductionsdependonandcorrelatetoreductionsinenergyuse。IntelligentBuildingsandBuildingManagementSystemstechnologiescontributedirectlyto

23、thereductioninenergyuse,incommercial,industrial,institutionalanddomesticresidentialsectorsoInshort,IntelligentBuildingsandsuitablyappliedBuildingManagementSystemsaregoodfortheenvironmentoLegislationandenvironmentalstandards；healthandsafetyregulations；andglobaltrendstowardsimprovingindoorairqualityst

24、andardsareallsignificantdriversof-andprovideacontinuousendorsementoftheneedfor-BuildingManagementSystemsandtheIntelligentBuildingstechnologiesoGovernmentInitiativesaroundtheworldarealsodrivingthedevelopmentandadoptionofBuildingManagementSystemstechnologiesoForexampletheUKCarbonTrustallowsEnhancedCap

25、italAllowance(ECA)tobeoffsetagainsttaxationonenergyefficientsystems,whichenablessavingsofaround30%forallenergy-relatedBuildingManagementSystemsandIntelligentBuildingsequipment,andtheassociatedinstallationanddesigncostsoBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-markettrendsInBritain,throughthe

26、establishmentandcontrolofthemainhigh-techfullyintothenewdecorationindustry,inrecentyears,theBritishbuildingsmarkettosetupthenewmanagementsystem,makesignificantchangesinnovation.- Heatingsystem70%。- Hotwatercontrolsystem90%o- Airconditioningcontrolsystem80%。ButaccordingtotheEuropeancommissionstatisti

27、cs,asmanyas90%ofexistingbuildingshavenotadaptorinvalidcontrolsystem,manyneedathoroughoverhaul.The“intelligence"constructionhasbecomearealestatedevelopersandownershotspot,24hourvisibleentranceguard,long-distancemeterreadingbilling,allkindsofcommunityserviceprojectsandconvenientvideoondemand,onth

28、ewebforvillageresidentsofferedmanylifeconvenient.ButtheHintelligenceMconstructionisacomplextechnologyapplicationproject,asacommunityHintelligentHoftheimplementationoftherelevantdepartments,needtopayattention,bewareofnewconstructionerroneouszone.一、Bewareofhastetobuild,lackofcarefulplanning.oHIntellig

29、entHgeneralbybroadbandnetworkandseveralrelatedthesub-projecttorealist,long-distancemeterreadingbilling,securitymonitoring,allkindsofalarmsystems,Internetbrowsing,etcaretobeincludedintheoperationoftheresidentialbroadbandnetworkcategory.Insoftware,needstohavethespecialapplicationschemeforthedevelopmen

30、tofcommunitynetworkinformationmanagementsystem.Theauthorthinksthatalthoughallsortsofrelevantproductshavebeenlisted,individualproductshavealreadybecomemoreandmoremature,butquitepartofproductsinthetechnicalspecificationsofthelackofuniformstandard,integratedbroadbandandintelligenceofconditionsremaintob

31、emature.Manyresidentsofthevillagepersuadedbymanufacturersinstallvisibleinterphonetoday,assemblewithlong-distancemeterreadingtomorrow,thisphenomenondonotonlycausewithvariouscircuitrywithinthecross,repeatconstruction,andindependentrunningeachmanufacturerequipmenttorealize“intelligent”originalintention

32、inthebuildingareaof.Certainly,thisisnottosaythatthecurrentimplementationcan'tintelligent,butthebroadbandnetworklying,LANandtheequipmentcanbebroughtintooperationshouldbeofbroadbandinundertheguidanceofexperts.二、Bewareof"broadband"businesstrap.As"broadband”graduallypopular,agroupofsp

33、ecializedbusiness"broadband”businesscompanyarisesatthehistoricmoment.Theyfrequentlytopropertydistrictpromisedtoputintotensofthousandsoffunds;theplotoffersoneortwohousesandotherintelligentconstructionundertakenbyrbroadband"businesscompany.Theauthorthinksthat"broadband"commercialse

34、rviceasamarketbehavior,bothpartiesshallincontractintroducedindetailintheprofitstoinvestors,PropertyCompanyalsoshouldclearlyunderstandbothsidesinthefuturecooperationintheirrespectiverightsandobligations.Intheprocessofrealestate,acommunityinthefuturetheownersoftheconsumptionofwhethertheyshouldhavetheH

35、righttoknow"and“options”,howthelegitimacyofthecontractisworthdiscussing.3、Bewareofpayheavilycloseattentiontohardware,software,lightlyweight,thetendencyofinvestmentuse.Intheimplementationofintelligentmanagementsolutionsintheprocess,someunitsinvestalotofmoneytobuyequipment,professionalmaintenance

36、personnelallocation,andsoftwareistodisdaintoinvestment,theuseofthesoftwareisalsothesecretaryorotherpersonnelpart-timesettles.,however,intheimplementationoftheprocessofintelligentsoftwareisthefoundationandthecore,asetofcompleteinformationmanagementplan,nomatterhowperfecthardwarefacilities,lackofsoftw

37、aresupport(exactlysaysupport)thesystemisnotasuccessfuldesign.TheauthorthinksthatintheprocessofimplementationofHintelligenceH,priortolistentoalllevelsofmanagementdepartmentopinions,the”intelligence"torealizewhatmanagementfunction,thisisthecoreofmakeplan;Andthenlistentotheopinionsoftheprofessiona

38、lstaff,givefullplaytothefunctionofequipmentinhardware,onthebasisofpayattentiontointhemanagementmeans,existingequipment,theschemecanprovideformanagementwhichdata,whatarethespecificmanagementworktosupplementandimprove.Thegoalistoclear,avoidbyallmeansisto"leadershipwill"and"takeitforgran

39、tedHtodo.中文译文:智能建筑信息技术的快速演变带来得益处已经进展到能够来测量、评估和应付转变。一种更强的操纵改变的能力，已经阻碍了咱们设计物理环境的方式，尤其是对咱们建筑物设计。因此，咱们正目击着智能建筑领域的日趋增加一建筑融合了信息技术和通信系统，使其加倍舒适、平安、高效和高本钱效益。什么是智能建筑智能建筑是配备通信设施，在适应不断转变的影响条件下，许诺其更有效地利用资源和增加居民的舒适感和平安感。智能建筑通过自动化操纵系统提供这些益处,例如:加热、通风、空调（暖通）；消防平安；安保；能源/照明治理。比如说,在发生火灾时，消防平安报警系统操纵打开大门。安防系统操纵中央空调系统调剂空气

40、流量，以避免火势蔓延。智能建筑对业主及住户提供什么益处？办公区域的运算机、打印机、复印机、机增加了室内污染。为知足运算机及网络技术的快速革新，因此在办公楼内创建了电器和通信设施。这些因素对工作效率有显著阻碍。新技术通过提供一个更健康、更有效，少能源密集型的工作环境来建造智能建筑，以便解决上述问题。因为这些有利商业成功的关键因素，智能建筑的业主有一个吸引和留住二十一世纪用户的明确优势。如何使智能建筑节约本钱？智能建筑的概念真正熟悉到了本钱不仅是简单的建筑本钱；它必需包括结构寿命的操作和维修费用。通过优化自动操纵、通信和治理系统，智能建筑削减所有这些方面的本钱。他们也防范修理费的增加、生产力损失、

41、收入损失、客户流失。智能建筑设备能够安装在现有的建筑物上面吗？固然能够。改造传统的智能建筑的核心能力是：安装一个单一的网络布线。标准建筑从系统到系统可以用不同的设计和治理方式为特色。建筑构造附带的设施把一个常规建筑变成智能建筑，它提供较高的效率和防范，免遭系统故障。什么缘故智能建筑慢慢的成为企业规那么的一部份？因为他们对企业有以下奉献：1、迅速和靠得住地通信数据2、行使更大的监管工作环境的能力3、提高生产率和经济效益针对这些需求，提供智能布线业务解决方案。智能建筑设计与建筑治理系统智能建筑领域,智能化住宅，建筑治理系统（房舍）包括了多种技术，经由全国商业、工业及住宅楼宇的机构，包括能源治理制度

42、，成立管制。建筑治理系统的功能是智能型建筑概念的核心；其目的是为了监控建筑物的功能,例如:灯光、供暖、平安、闭路电视和警报系统；视听娱乐系统、通风、过滤和气候操纵等准确操纵；乃至于时刻操纵。这些潜在的观念及多种边缘技术，正在改变咱们的生活。智能建筑的起源与建设治理体制在20世纪70年代根植于工业部门从系统和操纵化用于自动化生产进程和优化工厂效益。上世纪80年代，那时的概念与应用相结合和谐进展。智能楼宇操纵论建筑治理系统的本质是在智能建筑和操纵技术，它使一体化、自动化、所有优化效劳和设备提供效劳和治理环境。智能化治理系统本质是成立在可编程操纵器(PLC)原有基础上形成的操纵技术。后来在商业和住宅

43、的应用进展是基于“散布式智能微处置器”。利用这些技术能够充份运用到各类网站建设和效劳，往往大幅降低本钱，大量节省能源。供暖时刻的操纵 温度操纵：当外部温度达到设置温度(0C)的时候运行加热泵避免系统冷冻或结冰。 补偿制度：当温度下降时，它将通过加热温度操纵电路，使气温上升。 温控阀：安装在同一房间的温度检测器通过相应的流量操纵器改变散热器散热。比例操纵:包括自动开关设备自动调剂输出。照明操纵方式分区操纵：为了幸免显现大面积灯具而只有一小部份需要利用的情形的发生，不同区域的灯具都有相应的开关。时刻操纵：自动转换，中断地在每一个区域依照预定日程利用。红别传感器的利用：在所监管的地域，使用感应器能够用来判定是不是有人在场操纵灯具的开关。建筑治理系统和智能建筑的能源节约最近几年来,能源利用率一直比较低,业主和投资者的对此也不重视。但是,随着能源利用急剧增加和能源储蓄量急剧减少，能源效益观念已迅速成为房地产治理、设备治理和业务的重要战略，而且正在渗入建筑行业。在照明方面,住宅和商业部门按投资总量5%节省能源可达原电路负