2016新课标创新英语人教版必修四Unit2Section

1、语法初识原句感知自主探究Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goalAs a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice outputYuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fieldsHowever, he doesn't care about being famousHe enjoys

2、 listening to violin music, playing mah­jong, swimming and readingSpending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to himJust dreaming for things, however, costs nothingHe awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more peopleMar

3、y's being late for class made her teacher angryIt is no use arguing with him about such a matter(1)动词­ing(短语)(加黑部分)在句中可作主语(句、)；可作动词的宾语(句)；作介词(短语)的宾语(句、)。(2)动词­ing的复合结构作主语(句)。(3)it作形式主语，而动词­ing(短语)作真正的主语(句)。语法剖析语法点一基本用法动词­ing形式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其基本形式如下：及物动词(do)不及物动词(go)

4、主动语态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing donegoing完成式having donehaving been donehaving goneBeing exposed to the sun for a long time will do harm to your skin暴露在太阳下太长的时间会伤害你的皮肤。He enjoys walking in the field in a summer morning他喜欢在夏日的早上在田间漫步。点津(1)非谓语动词­ing形式的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词­ing形式的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作

5、之前。(2)非谓语动词­ing形式若与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系时，需用被动语态；而不及物动词的非谓语形式无被动语态，但可有完成形式。(3)非谓语动词­ing形式的否定式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时 not应放在逻辑主语和动词­ing形式之间。即时演练111写出下列句中的动词­ing(短语)所充当的成分Playing with fire is dangerous 主语Would you mind opening the window？ 宾语Having finished his paper, he handed it to his tutor 状语

6、When he walked past the playground, he saw some boys playing football happily 宾语补足语12单句改错Excuse me for not my coming on time把not放于my后I'm sorry for having not kept my promisehaving_notnot_having(一)动词­ing形式作主语1动词­ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式Laughing often will benefit you a lot笑口常开

7、好处多多。Having lived abroad for a long time makes him homesick在国外生活了很久令他想家。 点津意义不同的两个动词­ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式Writing and reading are her two hobbies写文章及读书是她的两个爱好。2形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语(1)It isadjdoing sthIt is/feels funny doing sth 做某事(感觉)很滑稽It is useless doing sth 做某事无用It's worthwhile doi

8、ng sth 做某事是值得的(2)It is a waste ofndoing sthIt's a waste of time doing sth 做某事是浪费时间(3)It is nondoing sthIt's no good/no use/no fun doing sth 做某事没好处/没用/没意思(4)There benodoing (joking/knowing )It is useless making such efforts做这样的努力是没用的。It is a waste of time doing such work做这样的工作是浪费时间。It is no g

9、ood saying such words说那样的话没有好处。There is no knowing how the project will be carried out不知道这个工程将如何实施。即时演练221用所给动词的适当形式填空It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up smokingIt is worthwhile reading/to read such a wonderful novelIt's no use complaining (complain) without taking acti

10、onThere is no denying (deny) that the environment is from bad to worse22完成句子Reading_aloud is a good way to learn a language大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Wasting_a_person's_time is the same as killing him for his property浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。(二)动词­ing形式作宾语1在admit, avoid, consider (考虑), enjoy, escape, excuse, fi

11、nish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后只能用动词­ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式He finally admitted having made such a mistake他终于承认犯了那样的错误。The little girl practises playing the piano every day女孩每天练习弹钢琴。2在动词短语give up, feel like, put off, get to (着手), object to, look forward to, devote o

12、neself to, can't help(禁不住), can't bear/stand等之后用动词­ing形式作宾语I'm looking forward to hearing from you我盼望着收到你的来信。He devotes himself to looking into the matter他致力于调查这起事件的真相。助记接动词­ing作宾语的及物动词(短语)：建议考虑坚持练(suggest, advise, consider, insist on, practise)允许想象弃冒险(permit, allow, imagine, g

13、ive up, risk)阻止抵抗否逃脱(prevent, resist, deny, escape)不禁介意保持完(can't help, mind, keep, finish)耽误推迟求原谅(delay, put off, require, forgive, excuse)承认错过欣喜欢(admit, miss, appreciate, enjoy)即时演练331用所给动词的适当形式填空I often practise listening (listen) and speaking (speak)The boy was lucky to escape being_punished

14、(punish)32完成句子It is useful for someone who is trying to give up smoking这对于正在试图戒烟的人来说很有用。I have never dreamed of visiting_that_place我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。It's quite hot today Do you feel like going_for_a_swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？语法点二动词­ing形式作宾语时，需要注意的问题(一)某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词­ing作宾语1动词begin, start

15、, continue等后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词­ing作宾语，意义基本相同They continued reading/to read他们继续朗读。2动词love, like, hate, prefer等后可跟动词­ing和不定式作宾语，但接动名词表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作I hate walking in such a rainy day(习惯)我不喜欢在这样的雨天里散步。I hate to trouble you(动作)我真不愿麻烦你。3一些动词后既可跟动词­ing作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别I remembered locki

16、ng the door(记着事情做了)我记着锁门了。When you leave the house, please remember to lock the door (记着去做)离开家时，记得锁门。4在need, want, require, demand, deserve等后用动词­ing的主动形式表示被动， need/want/require/demand/deserve doingneed/want/require/demand/deserve to be doneThe cottage needs repairingThe cottage needs to be repa

17、ired这所农舍需要修理。The letter demands answering at onceThe letter demands to be answered at once需要立刻回复这封信。即时演练441用所给动词的适当形式填空He likes swimming but he doesn't like to_swim this afternoon (swim)He usually prefers staying in the house when it rains, but this time he prefers to_go (go) out42单句改错I mean to

18、changing it for another onechangingchange(安徽高考改编)I remembered locking the door before I left the office, but forgot turning off the lightslockingto_lock;_turningto_turn43一句多译这位员工值得表扬。(deserve)The_worker_deserved_praisingThe_worker_deserved_to_be_praised这个窗户需要清扫了。The_window_needs/requires/wants_clean

19、ingThe_window_needs/requires/wants_to_be_cleaned(二)动词­ing形式作宾语时，省掉介词的情况归纳拓展spend (in) doing sth 花费做某事have difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做有困难/麻烦stop/prevent (from)doing 阻止做某事waste time (in) doing 浪费时间做某事be busy (in) doing 忙于做某事have a good/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很高兴/费了很大劲He is usually busy (

20、in) managing his shop他通常忙于经营商店。即时演练5用所给动词的适当形式填空Yesterday, I had difficulty/trouble in hunting (hunt) for some important information on the InternetWe all had a good time staying (stay) at your homeHe usually spends his free time developing (develop) his own hobbyMy dear child, don't waste too m

21、uch time just playing (play) around语法点三动词­ing的复合结构1动词­ing的复合结构作主语动词­ing的复合结构作主语时的两种形式(1)形容词性物主代词动词­ing(2)名词(有生命的物体)'s动词­ingHis being late again made his boss very angry他又一次迟到令他的老板很生气。Jane's being careless caused so much trouble简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。2动名词的复合结构作宾语动词­ing的复合结

22、构作宾语时的四种形式(1)形容词性物主代词动词­ing(2)代词宾格动词­ing(3)名词动词­ing(4)名词(有生命的物体)'s或名词(有生命的物体)动词­ingHe made an apology for his/him telling lies to the public他因向公众撒谎而道歉。Outside the classroom, we could hear the noise of the desks being opened and closed在教室外，我们能够听到课桌被打开及关闭的声音。The chairman of the

23、 meeting was angry at John's/John being absent from the meeting会议主席因约翰的缺席而生气。点津(1)动词­ing形式的否定形式：not置于动词­ing形式结构之前，即：not doing(2)能够在句中充当主语和宾语的动词­ing形式又可称之为“动名词”(3)动词­ing的复合结构(也可称之为动名词的复合结构)的否定形式为： 形容词性的物主代词/宾格/名词/名词所有格not doing(4)动词­ing的复合结构中的“形容词性的物主代词/宾格/名词”与动词­ing

24、 之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系Jerry's not arriving on time made people present angry杰瑞未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。Not knowing what has happened to his daughter makes the father upset 不知道女儿发生了什么使得这位父亲很是不安。即时演练6用动名词的复合结构完成句子His_father's_being_ill made him worried他父亲病了，使他很担心。We are looking forward to Jay_Chou's_coming_t

25、o give us a concert我们盼望着周杰伦来给我们举办一场演唱会。Her_coming_to_help encouraged all of us她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the_door_suddenly_shutting这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。链接高考用所给动词的适当形式填空1(2016·全国卷)My ambassadorial duties will include introducing (introduce) British visitors to the 120­plus pandas at

26、Chengdu 2(2016·浙江高考书面表达)Planning (plan) is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do3(2015·陕西高考)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on to_thank (thank) all the people who had helped in her career4(2015·安徽高考)Ignoring (ignore) the di

27、fference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make5(2014·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses Therefore, he can go shopping without being_recognized (recognize)6(2014·湖南高考)Understanding (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as importan

28、t as learning to convey your affection and emotions7(2014·江西高考)When it comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him8(2013·福建高考)Knowing (know)basic first­aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies9(2012·湖南高考)We've had a good start, but next, more

29、work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success10(2012·福建高考)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being_attacked(attack) in the South China Sea针对演练用所给动词的适当形式填空1Everybody stopped talking (talk) as soon as the old

30、 expert began his speech2I have no trouble persuading (persuade) him to change his mind3It's no good making (make) an excuse for this4People appreciate working (work) with him because he has a good sense of humor5Putting/To_put (put) on more clothes is not so good6These flowers need watering/to_

31、be_watered (water)7He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity8Being_invited (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family9I can not imagine the boy speaking (speak) so rudely to his parents10Meeting (meet) you has been a great pleasure完成句子1This book is worth reading_again这本书值得再读一次。2We must try to avoid making_the_same_mistakes我们必须设