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1、 英语长难句英语长难句 的解析与方法的解析与方法高二英语组高二英语组 李艳清李艳清Analysis of long and difficult sentences He who is good at reading will conquer the world.句子种类句子种类 简单句简单句 复合句复合句 并列句并列句长难句之朝花夕拾篇长难句之朝花夕拾篇 . 简单句： 只有只有_个主语（或并列主语）和个主语（或并列主语）和_个谓语（或个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。并列谓语）构成的句子。1. Honesty is the best policy. 诚实总是上策。诚实总是上策。 2. All w

2、ork and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 主主+系系+表表 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补 一一一一 . 并列句： 是由是由并列连词并列连词把把_ 个或个或_ 个以上的简个以上的简单句连接在一起构成的句子。并列连词有：单句连接在一起构成的句子。并列连词有：and ,but， or, so ; for; not onlybut also; neither nor; 结构：简单句结构：简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句 e.g. You may take a horse to the water, b

3、ut you cannot make him drink.领马河边易，逼马饮水难。（不要逼人做不愿做的事）两两两两 复合句：复合句： 含有含有_个或个或_个以上个以上主谓结构主谓结构的句子。的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的_部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即要部分，即_部分。从句可以分为三大部分。从句可以分为三大类：类：_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句（从句（_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句）从句） Practice：辨认主句和从句，分析从句是：辨认主句和从句，分析从句是哪种类型的

4、哪种类型的,并翻译并翻译 1. Where there is life, there is hope. (_) 2. God helps those who help themselves. (_)3 Dont claim to know what you dont know. (_) 状语从句状语从句定语从句定语从句宾语从句宾语从句【 】 ( 复合句：复合句： 含有含有_个或个或_个以上个以上主谓结构主谓结构的句子。的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的_部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即要部分，即_部

5、分。从句可以分为三大部分。从句可以分为三大类：类：_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句（从句（_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句；从句；_从句）从句）两两两两主句主句从句从句状语状语定语定语名词性名词性主语主语表语表语宾语宾语同位语同位语1 I saw him playing basketball now.2 We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.a simple sen

6、tence简单句简单句 1 Jim plays football and so does his brother . 2 I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about .a compound (并列）并列）sentence 1 Is this factory the one that you visited?2 He wanted to know what I thought, w

7、hich confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.a complex (复合）复合） sentenceWe ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.介词短语介词短语短语做状语短语做状语长难句分类长难句分类1.带有较多成分带有较多成分 的简单句的简单

8、句不定式不定式现在分词短语作宾语补足语现在分词短语作宾语补足语去枝叶去枝叶, 留主干。留主干。介词短语From Puno ,we travel by boat across Lake Titicaca, stopping on the way at the floating islands of the Uros people.练习练习介词短语介词短语介词短语介词短语分词短语分词短语介词短语介词短语分析第一个并列分句分析第一个并列分句 , 找从句连词找从句连词 （that) 可省可省2.含有多个从句的并列句含有多个从句的并列句（并列复合句）（并列复合句） I know youre dying

9、to hear all about my life ,so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.找并列连词找并列连词,分析各分句分析各分句, 理解句意。理解句意。分析第二个并列分句分析第二个并列分句 , 找从句连词找从句连词 which (定语从句）修饰定语从句）修饰photos.I talk about 是定语从句修饰是定语从句修饰places (that)省去。省去。 so练习练习 I had already heard that George didnt like bei

10、ng kept waiting , so even though I didnt have the right clothes on , I raced after him.分析：分析： 此句是由此句是由_ 连接的并列句连接的并列句 第一个分句中含有第一个分句中含有_引导的引导的_第二个分句中含有第二个分句中含有_ 引导的引导的_sothat宾语从句宾语从句even though让步状语从句让步状语从句 3 3 遇到多个从句的复合句，（即一个遇到多个从句的复合句，（即一个从句套着一个从句，环环相扣型的）从句套着一个从句，环环相扣型的）应对方法（多重复合句）应对方法（多重复合句）-先圈出连词，再

11、一个从句一个从先圈出连词，再一个从句一个从句分析，各个击破。句分析，各个击破。 He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. 此句是此句是

12、 ，what引导的是引导的是 which引导的是引导的是 because引导的引导的 从句中包含一个从句中包含一个 由由that引导的引导的 ， 该句中又有一个该句中又有一个 由由than 引导的引导的 从句。从句。复合句复合句宾语从句宾语从句；非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句原因状语原因状语宾语从句宾语从句状语状语Summary 高考链接高考链接 例例1： The real attractions of the Hollowell farm to me were its position，being about two miles from the village，half a mile f

13、rom the nearest neighbor，bounded(相邻相邻) on one side by the river and separated from the highway by a wide field. (2010四川卷四川卷E篇篇).根据上面这段话选择答案：根据上面这段话选择答案： 52题题:Why did the author decide to buy the Hollowell place? A. It was of good market value B. It was next to the highway. C. It was in a good positi

14、on. D. It was behind a nice garden. 介词短语介词短语Ving 短语短语名词短语名词短语Ved 短语短语Ved 短语短语Whereas a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one

15、night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.Translation 句意：一个女人最亲密的女友，很可能一个女人最亲密的女友，很可能第一个奉劝她结束不幸的婚姻。然而，第一个奉劝她结束不幸的婚姻。然而，我们常听到男人说，他是在朋友突然我们常听到男人说，他是在朋友突然来到自己家里并要求睡在沙发上时，来到自己家里并要求睡在沙发上时，才明白朋友的婚姻有了麻烦。才明白朋友的婚姻有了麻烦。分析：whereas引导了一个从句，即 a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave

16、 a failing marriage, 而it wasnt unusual to hear aif he could sleep on the sofa.为主句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式 to hear a man。省略to的不定式say作宾语补足语，say后面接了一个宾语从句he didnt know，know后面又接了一个宾语从句his friends marriage was in serious trouble和时间状语从句until he appeared one night，现在分词短语asking 作伴随状语，asking 后面又接了一个宾语从句if he cou

17、ld sleep on the sofa。Do exercises 认真分析下列句子，并补全所缺内容1 The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world.本句是本句是 _, 主句主句_ 简单句 The dream attracted people 2 I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it

18、under a microscope. 此句是个 _ 其中I think后引导的是一个 _ 从句，including one- 是现在分词短语作_, 并且in which 在句中引导 _从句，先行词是_.复合句复合句宾语宾语伴随状语伴随状语定语定语one3 Every time I returned after an absence , I felt stupid because I was behind the others此句中此句中 every time 用作用作_, 用来引导用来引导_ 从句，主句中还从句，主句中还包含一个包含一个because引导的引导的_从句。从句。从属连词从属连词时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.此句是个此句是个_, 动词不定式用作动词不定式用作_,表达主语的意向，表达主语的意向，that 引导引导一个一个_从句，在从句中用作从句，在从句中用作_,先行词是先行词是_.复合句复合句表语表语定语定语