《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习(语法考点)课件：非谓语动词及其考点(共31张PPT)

1、 非谓语动词在句子除不能独立作谓语外，可以充当句中的所有其它成分；它没有人称和数的变化，故又称非限定动词；虽然不能独立做谓语，但仍保留动词的其它特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。1.考查动词不定式下列用法：（1）作宾语（2）作宾语补足语（3）作状语（4）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后。2.考查动名词用法。考点一 动词不定式 1. 动词不定式的构成和用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语

2、构成不定式短语。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。句法作用例 句作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.= Its not easy to learn a foreign language.作表语The important thing is to finish the work on time.作宾语I hope to travel all over the world one da

3、y.Can you tell me how to do it = what to do作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.The father made his son study hard.作定语We have a lot of homework to do every day.作状语She went to see her grandma last Sunday.()1.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrock.A.tohaverestedB.torestC.restingD.rest()2

4、.Look!Thelightsintheclassroomarestillon.Oh,Iforgot_.A.turningthemoffB.turnthemoffC.toturnthemoffD.havingturnedthemoff()3.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin()4.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive(

5、)5.Ittakesmehalfanhour_thepianoeveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played()6.Myjobis_English.A.teachyouB.teachingyouC.toteachyourD.toteachyou2. 常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:would like to dotry to doafford to dopretend to dowant to doremember / forget to dowish to doagree to do begin / start to dohope to dorefus

6、e to dopromise to dodecide to doplan to do learn to do prefer to do()7.Dontforget_thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay()8.Hepromised_hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.tosee()9.Remember_offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turningC.turnD.turned

7、()10.Manyoldmenprefer_inthepeacefulcountryside.A.toliveB.livingC.liveD.lived3. 常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:tellsb.todowouldlikesb.todoallowsb.todohelpsb.todowishsb.todo begsb.todoencouragesb.todoexpectsb.todoasksb.todoinvitesb.todoadvisesb.todoforcesb.todowantsb.todo warnsb.todoteachsb.todopersuadesb.todo

8、()11.Marycalledandaskedherhusband_homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo()12.Mr.Wangoftenencouragesus_closetonatureandenjoyitsbeauties.A.getBgetting C.toget4. 常见的后面接不带 “to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： 一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮。解释为：一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，not

9、ice，watch，observe；半帮：help； help sb. (to) do sth.注意：变成被动语态时，动词原形前要加 “to”。 如： I saw Tom get into the teachers office. Tom was seen to get into the teachers office. 感观使役动词使用口诀 感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪；主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来。()13.Youlooksotired.Mymothermakesme_playingthepianofor2hourseveryday.A.practiceB.topracticeC.p

10、racticingD.topracticing()14.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning()15.DoyoulikeZhouLibostalkshow?Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople_.A.laughBlaughedC.laughingD.tolaugh5. 特殊疑问词 + to do结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。在句子充当主语、宾语

11、、表语等。如： The question is when to start. （作表语） 问题是何时动身。 He showed me how to use a computer. (作宾语) 他给我们演示怎样使用计算机。 What to do is a big problem. （作主语）做什么是个大问题。()16.ThereresomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdontknow_.A.tochoosewhichoneB.whatchooseC.whichonetochooseD.tochoosewhat()17.Alloftheplansarevery

12、good.Ireallydontknow_.A.whichtotalkB.whichtotalkaboutC.totalkaboutwhichD.Iaskedyouforhelp()18.Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided_?NextSeptember.A.whengoingB.whentogoC.howgoingD.howtogo考点二 动名词 1. 动名词的构成和用法动名词由“动词+ ing”构成，常在句子中用做主语、表语和宾语。用法见下表：句法功能例 句作主语Playing chess is fun.Its

13、 no use waiting here.作表语The nurses job is looking after the patients.作宾语You cant leave the classroom until you finish doing your homework.()19.Theretiredcoupleenjoy_photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took.C.totakeD.taking()20._isbadforourhealth.A.DoingeyeexercisesB.GotobedearlyC.Eatingto

14、omuchD.Takingawalk2. 常见的后面接动名词作宾语的动词有:enjoy doinghate doingcontinue doingbe busy doinglike doingmind doingpractice doingbe worth doingfeel like doingconsider doingcant help doinghave fun doingkeep doingfinish doinggive up doinghave problem doing()21.Hedidntfeellike_outforawalk,becausehehadcaughtacol

15、d.A.togoB.goesC.goneD.going()22.Thestudentsarebusy_readyfortheexamnow.A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget()23.Wouldyoumind_forafewminutes?No,notatall.A.waitB.towaitC.waitedD.waiting()24.Haveyoureadthisbook?Itsworth_.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead3. 介词如：in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to后要接动名词。下列几

16、个词组的“to”为介词： be used to doing 习惯于做某事 prefer doing to doing 宁愿而不愿look forward to doing 盼望着做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事make a contribution to doing 为做贡献 常见后面常跟动名词作宾语的动词, 可以这样记：完成实践值得忙 (finish, practice, be worth, be busy)继续习惯别放弃 (keep on, be used to, give up)考虑建议不禁想 (consider, suggest, cant help,

17、feel like)喜欢思念要放弃 (enjoy, miss, give up)()25.Aclockismadefor_usthetime.A.tellB.tellingC.totellD.tells()26.Imlookingforwardto_myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?Metoo.A.seeingB.seeC.sawD.seen()27.Hewasafraidof_herupwhenhelefttheroom.A.wakingB.towakeC.wakesD.woke考点三 过去分词 1. 作定语 如： The girl called Lucy won the

18、 English speech contest. 那个叫Lucy的女孩赢了英语演讲比赛。2. 作宾语补足语 如： There is something wrong with my bike. I have to get it repaired. 我的自行车坏了，我得找人修一下。 常跟过去分词作宾语补足语的有： have/get sth. done 请人做某事()28.Thecar_inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()29.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?

19、Somepictures_bytheAfricans.A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()30.Youdbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_.Itstoodirty.Thanks.Iwill.A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash考点四 感官动词的基本用法 see, watch, hear, notice这几个感官动词后面既可接不带“to”的动词不定式（即动词原形），又可接v-ing形式做宾语补足语。它们的区别在于： 1. 经常或已经发生的动作，用不带“to”的动词不定式。如： We often hear her si

20、ng English songs in the next room. 我们经常听到她在隔壁房间唱英文歌。 I saw the teacher come into the classroom just now. 刚才我看见老师走进了教室。2. 正在进行的动作用v-ing形式。如： We heard him talking in class. 我们听见他正在教室说话。()31.IheardMother_withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight.A.talkB.talkingC.totalkD.istalking()32.Isawhim_intheclassroom

21、.A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping()33.Ioftenwatchhim_tennis.A.toplayB.playC.playingD.plays考点五 几组易混淆的词组辨析 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事remember to do sth. 记住去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事forget to do sth. 忘了要做某事forget doing sth. 忘了做过某事go on to do sth. 接着去做另一件事go on doing sth. 接着做同一件

22、事try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth. 试着去做某事have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事have sth. done 请人做某事()34.Hedroppedthestick,sohestopped_itup.A.topickB.pickingC.pickD.picked()35.Itstopped_.Wecangoouttoplay.A.torainB.rainingC.fromrainingD.toraining考点六 常用句型和结构 1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事2. would rather do st

23、h. than do sth. 宁愿而不愿 3. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿4. Would/Will/Could you please(not)do sth？ 请你(不)好吗？5. Why not ? = Why dont you ? 为什么不做？6. There is no time to do 没有时间做7. Its time + (for sb.) + to do 是做的时间了。8. too + adj./adv. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说）太而不能做9. 主语+ think/make/find/feel + it + adj./n. + to do sth.10