虚拟语气概括与总结

1、1. 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1 与现在事实相反If 从句:一般过去时(were主句: would (should,could,might+ 动词原形e.g. If I were you, I _ all those stories. Old Bill loves making things up.A. would nt believe B. will believeC. will not believe D. would believe2）与过去事实相反If 从句:过去完成时主句： would (should,could,might+ have +过去分词e.g. Things might

2、have been much worse if the mother _ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insisting B. had insistedC. would insist D. insisted3）与将来事实相反If 从句: should/ were to +动词原形主句： would (should,could,might+ 动词原形e.g. Jean does nt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job she probably wou

3、ld nt be able to see her friends very often.A. has to get B. had got C. could have gotD. were to get注释：A. 虚拟条件句中如果含有助动词、情态动词、动词 be 或have ，可将 if 省略，后面主、谓语要部分倒装（即把助动词、情态动词、动词 be 或 have 放到主语的前面）B. 由suppose, supposing, provided, on condition that 引导的从句有时也可用虚拟语气，其谓语形式用过去式2. 虚拟语气的特殊句型1）wish 后面的宾语从句1. 与现在事

4、实相反-谓语动词用一般过去时，be (were2. 与过去事实相反-had+过去分词或could/would+have+过去分词3. 与将来事实相反-would/could/might+动词原形2 would rather, had rather, would sooner, would as soon 后面的宾语从句中与过去事实相反-had +过去分词;与现在/将来事实相反-一般过去时3 suggest 后面的宾语从句中, (should + V常见的要求虚拟的其它动词有: advise, ask, beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determin

5、e, direct, insist, intend, maintain(坚持, move(提议, object, order, propose, prefer, pray, recommend, request, require, resolve, urge, vote(提议, prescribe(指示 等.4 与suggestion 等名词有关的表语从句或同位语从句中, (should +V其他名词有:advice, decision, demand, desire, idea, importance, insistence, motion, necessity, order, pray,

6、preference, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, resolution, significance, understanding 等5 在It is /was +adj./V-ed +that 引导的主语从句中, (should + V这类形容词有: advisable, appropriate, better, crucial, desirable, essential, imperative, important, insistent, natural, necessary, preferable, possible,

7、probable, strange, surprising, urgent, vital等.6 在It is time 后面的定语从句中, 谓语动词用一般过去时; 有时为了强调, time 前面常常加high, about等词。e.g. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _?A. we are going home B. we go homeC. We went home D. we can go home7 在as if 或 as though引导的让步状语从句中，谓语动词形式与wish 后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词

8、形式相同。8 在in order that, so that 引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词用may (might +V, 在口语中常用can (could + V。9 在lest, for fear that, in case 引出的目的状语从句中，谓语动词用 ( should +V10. 由whetheror, whatever, whoever, no matter what 等引导的让步状语从句中，谓语动词用 (may +V；有时whether 可省略，句子用倒装形式e.g. The business of each day, _selling goods or shipping th

9、em, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be itC. was it D. it was3. 混合(交叉 型的虚拟语气1. 时间混合(交叉/ 错综时间条件句有时条件句表示的动作和主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据具体时间来表现。e.g. If I had nt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now.A. would nt be smilingB. could nt have smiledC. wont smileD. did nt smile2. 语气混合(交叉/ 含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是通过一个介词短语，如：with, without, but for 等；有时可以通过连词或副词，如：but, but that, or, otherwise等；有时甚至可以通过上下文或其他方式来暗示虚拟条件的存在。固定结构中的虚拟语气1. If it were not for （要不是）2. If it had not been for/ Had it not been（要不是） 3. Be that (as it may （尽