句子分类和句型转换

1、句子(句子分类，句型转换）句子的分类:由句子结构来讲，可分为三类简单 一、简单句：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。 eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列连词and, but,so,or,for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连起来的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or you'll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he co

2、uldn't find it. 4)She didn't know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher. 5)He's interested in music while John is interested in sports. 三、复合句 A.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、连接词 1)    

3、;  由连接词that引导陈述句，在口语中that常省略。 eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster.   2)由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether和if 常可互换，但下列场合一般用whether. 介词后的宾语从句：I'm thinking of whether he'll come. 与or not连用：I don't know whether I should go or not. 3)由连接代词what,who(whom,whose)which或连接副词wh

4、en,where,why,how引导特殊疑问句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、语序：不管宾语从句是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，都要用陈述句语序，也就是说主谓次序不能颠倒。连接词主谓结构 (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I don't know what's the matter with Bob? (3).I don't know what's wrong with them? 3、时态：一般说来，主从句时态要统一。如果主句是一般现在时，从句

5、可根据需要用其它任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句应该用相应的过去时态范畴（也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 eg.Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 如果从句表明的是一个客观事实或真理，那么无论主句是什么时态，从句都只能用一般现在时。 eg. The teacher told us that

6、light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的宾语从句，如果需要表示否定意义，一般不在宾语从句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I dont think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 误) 练习题：（一） How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classma

7、tes? What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Mother didn't know what _ _doing there. Could you tell me _ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on. Excuse me.Could you tell me where

8、_? A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toiletD.the toilet was 练习题：（二） 1)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I asked him what _ _ _. 2)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me why _ _ look happy? 3)Does he still live in that street? I don'

9、t know.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I don't know _ he still _ in that street. 4)He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A.what B.if C.that D.how 5)I don't know _ up so early last Sunday. A.why did he getB.why he getsC.why does he getD.why he got 思考题 1)Whose children is the old woman lookin

10、g after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句） Did you find out whose children the old woman _ _ after? 2)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上） My sister told me _ the moon_ round the earth. 3)I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错） 4)"Hello!I _ you _ in London. How long have y

11、ou been here?" A.don't knowwereB.hadn't known are C.haven't knownare D.didn't knowwere 5)She asked me _ I thought of the radio. A.what B.how C.that D.whether   1、同义词组的转换：指不同的词组表达同一个意思，用另一个意义相同的词组替换原句中的词组。 1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou? Did your parents _ _

12、 in Hangzhou? 2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _ English _ than maths. 3)The smiths flew to London for their holiday yesterday afternoon. The smiths _to London for their holiday _ _yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister. Yesterday Tom _ _ _ _ his sister. 5)The woman spent ￥2

13、00 on her handbag. The woman _ ￥200 _ her handbag. Her handbag _ the woman ￥200. 6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily _ Japanese _ _. 7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 2、反义词或词组的转换，相对于主语来说，动作发出的对象改变 1)They haven't written to their daughter for a long time. The daughter _ _ fr

14、om her parents for a long time. 2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week. The woman _ a pan _ the farmer last week. 3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. _ _ to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 4)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ _ English. Lin

15、Feng _ _ _ English. 3、比较等级的转换：形容词/副词的原级、比较级、最高级间的转换，通常用more than, less than,asas, not soas连接。 1) Japanese is not so popular as English. Japanese is _ popular _ English. 2) Jim runs faster than any other student in his class. Jim runs _ _ all the students in his class. _ runs _ than Jim in his class.

16、 _ runs _ fast _ Jim in his class. 3) He has more story-books than I. I haven't _ many story-books _ he. 4、用连接词把两句合并为一句的转换。 1)The old woman was very angry.She couldn't say a word. The old woman was _ angry _ say a word. 2)Edison was very clever.He could invent a lot of things. Edison was _ _

17、 _ invent a lot of things. 3) Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann. _ Jane _ Ann _ English to maths. 4)You can do this before class, and you can also do it after class. You can do this _ before class _ after class. 5) This shirt doesn't look nice. That shirt doesn't look nice, either.

18、_ this shirt _ that shirt _nice. 5、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换 1)We found him a good pupil. We found _ _ _ a good pupil. 2)The room is so small that my family can't live in it. The room isn't _ _ _ my family _ live in. The room is _ small _ my family _ live in. 3)His grandfather died ten ye

19、ars ago. It _ ten years _ his grandfather _. 4)I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _ _ _ next. 5)Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. _ you _ hurry up, you'll miss the train. 6、根据句意的转换 1)Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy. _ Lucy _ go to the farm with u

20、s yesterday. 2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him. Sam _ _ well with his classmates. 3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _ than Lily. 4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. English _ the largest number of _

21、 in the world. 5)It's your turn to do it. It's _ _ you to do it. 6)The children can't wait to open their presents. The children want to see the presents _ _ _ _. 7)The room is bright enough. There's _ _ in the room. 8)We can't finish the work if you don't help us. We can'

22、t finish the work _ _ help. 9)It rained heavily last night. There _ _ _ last night. 10)He has lived in the city since he was born. He has lived in the city _ _ _. 11)The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it. The building _ many tall trees all _ is beautiful. 7、其它 1)I spent two hours reading the book yesterday. _ _ me two hours _ _ the book yesterday. 2)He bought the book two weeks ago. He _ _ the book _ two weeks. 3)You're very kind to help me with my maths. _ _ v