大学英语综合教程第四单元答案

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Key to ExercisesOpenerSuggested answers for reference:1. No, it is not easy for women to win Nobel Prizes. Although there were more women winners in the second half of the 20th century than in the first half, and even more in the first 16 years of the 21st century, only 48 out of the 91

2、1 winners between 1901 and 2016 were women.2. There are more women winners in Literature and Peace. Women had limited access to formal education for a long time, but one doesnt necessarily need lengthy formal education to become a writer or a peace activist.3. Provide equal opportunities to women in

3、 education and career development. Boost interest and confidence in research among women, especially young women.Reading & InteractingI. Understanding the Text1. Text Organization2. Comprehension Check2.1 Digging into detail1. Maria took on a governesss job to help support Bronias education in F

4、rance.2. She found she was ill prepared for the Sorbonne. She decided to take an apartment near the university in order to have more time for study.3. Uranium, chalcolite and pitchblende.4. They named the first one polonium, after Maries native country, Poland, and the second one radium, from radius

5、, the Latin word for rays.5. The nominating committee objected to including a woman as a Nobel Laureate, but Pierre insisted that the original research was Maries.2.2 Understanding difficult sentences1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. AII. Focusing on Language in Context1. Key Words & Expressions1.11. The b

6、est cooking oils are usually extracted without heat and left with their natural color.2. Steve Jobs gave a great amount of thought to the design of Apple products.3. In war times gold is more desirable because it is highly portable.4. The end of WWII in Asia had a lot to do with the dropping of two

7、atomic bombs on Japan.5. A bus overturned in Warsaw when fighting broke out between the driver and a passenger.6. A chemical property is any aspect of a substance which is only seen by means of a chemical reaction.7. Most students nowadays know that DNA contains the blueprint of life, but few rememb

8、er the name of the German scientist who first discovered and isolated the DNA molecule.8. Mark is getting registered as a disabled person. He will soon be able to park his car near entrances.9. She stirred her porridge with a silver spoon.10. This product purifies waste water by removing heavy metal

9、s from it.11. Emissions of radioactive materials from the Fukushima nuclear plant have been cut by half over the past month, its operator said Monday.12. Vitamin C helps ease stress from either worry or intense physical exercise.13. The fog disappeared little by little over the land.14. As more peop

10、le come down with the flu, I suspect a large outbreak will be inevitable.15. If greenhouse gases continue to be emitted in their present quantities, we will experience an unprecedented rate of sea-level rise.1.21. donate 2. objected to 3. detected 4. resulting in5. intrigues 6. was coined 7. fragmen

11、ts 8. subsisted on1.31. The popular movie Titanic was nominated for 14 Oscar Awards and won 11.2. Recognizing tourisms contribution to the local economy, the State of Maryland pushed back the start of the school year from the last week of August to after the first of September.3. Martha, I am a long

12、-time fan of your cooking show and have been looking forward to meeting you for a long time.4. Skin cancer is said to be associated with continued exposure to the sun over a long period of time.5. The hotel staff not only advised us about the best restaurant in town, but also arranged for a table at

13、 one of them for us.2. Usage1. Our professor thought the paper was easy and insisted that we finish it in two weeks time.2. May I suggest that we dine/eat out for a change this weekend?3. The King ordered that the prisoners (should) be hanged the next day.4. Nancy proposed that we form/set up a team

14、 to address waste within the company.5. The conductor demanded that everybody show him a ticket.6. You cant just request that all employees work 70 hours a week for the project. Its against the law!3. Sentence Patterns3.11. We have not as yet received any response from the school.2. That drug use ma

15、y be the cause of the movie stars death is as yet unconfirmed.3. They could sell the as yet unbuilt apartments to eager buyers on the back of blueprints alone.3.21. If (it is) possible, Id like to see him on Monday/Wednesday/Friday.2. If (it is) true, lets go there this summer vacation/July/August/S

16、eptember.3. If (it is) right, you can play games.4. Comprehensive Practice4.1 ClozeI suspect that by now you know all about Marie Curie. You have, after all, been bombarded with facts about her. You will have read all about the brilliant work that led to her being awarded the most prestigious of sci

17、entific prizes. But why is it that so few women have been nominated for a Nobel Prize in science? It is an intriguing question and one that has led to intense debate, stirring up emotions, with strong views being expressed on whether nature or nurture plays the dominant role. The debate has generate

18、d numerous hypotheses, but arriving at a conclusion that satisfies everyone would prove difficult.4.2 TranslationHave you heard about Prof. Smith from our university? He published a paper in Nature, claiming that he had discovered a new method that could be used in treating AIDS, and that his method

19、 was simpler and more effective than current technology. Our university thought highly of his paper, giving him a great amount of money in the form of a research grant so that he could buy more advanced instruments. Prof. Smith has been bombarded with media interviews, likely because reporters belie

20、ve that he might be awarded the Nobel Prize for his contribution to medicine. However, some scientists suspect that the professor, brilliant according to the media, might have lied. They claim that by the end of their own experiments, following the method revealed in Prof. Smiths paper, they couldnt

21、 produce the same results as he had claimed. Prof. Smith has reacted by saying these colleagues made mistakes in their experiments and observations. Well wait and see who is right.Reading & Comprehending1. Comprehension Check for Reading 1A. (4) B. (7) C. (1) D. (5) E. (10) F. (12)2. Translation

22、1. 特蕾莎修女和她的助手们每天都同他们在一起，心怀勇气和信念，尽量为他们舒缓痛苦。2. 这位妇女病得昏昏沉沉，没注意到有老鼠和蟑螂在啮咬她的双脚，或是知道被咬也不在乎了。3. 特蕾莎修女很愤怒。她觉得不应该让任何人在肮脏的街头孤苦伶仃、被人遗忘、满心绝望地死去。4. 因为她为世间贫困和遭到遗弃的人士所做的不懈努力，特蕾莎修女一生中获得过无数荣誉，其中最著名的莫过于挪威诺贝尔委员会1979年向她颁发的诺贝尔和平奖。Comprehension Check for Reading 21. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. BIntegrated Skills PracticingI. Vie

23、wing & ListeningSegment 1I was born in Los Angeles, in the Depression, 1933.Poor like we were, and my Dad This is a very rough time for him. And trying to figure out how to get enough income, that was pretty, pretty rough.I had the good fortune of my mother transferring me into Beverly Hills Hig

24、h School. There were times that were very painful for me, poor kid in a rich kids school. And then, of all things, I stuttered. They wanted me to engage in speech training. So they had me do debate. You learned how to listen, engage and argue effectively. And I did do quite well in speech.When I wan

25、ted to go to college, my mom was very much opposed. I had to work my way through. So I went through in 3 years, because its a big challenge to get enough funding actually to make it every year. And I went through, and I graduated, with 8 dollars in the bank.I married my childhood sweetheart. And I p

26、ut him through Harvard Law School. And so I had to go off to Boston to find a job. And every time I applied, they would say, “Do you take shorthand? Do you take typing?” But I had had an opportunity to interview downtown for a position in Personnel, and I talked my way into that position. I voluntee

27、red to work for them for 6 weeks for free, if they would just hire me. I wanted a, a real position, I didnt want to end up being a., you know, typing or shorthand the rest of my lifeSegment 2I was not admitted into a Ph.D. program, I was admitted into a Masters. But when I decided that I liked it, a

28、nd I would like to do a Ph.D., that was an entirely different picture.I was in this hostile environment, where a lot of the faculty did not like it that there were women in the program.Economics just said no. And part of their reason for that was because I had not had any math in college, and part o

29、f the reason for that was that in my high school, they didnt let girls take trigonometry, unless they got an A in algebra and geometry. And so I never had the kinds of math courses that economics students had.Having never taken calculus before, she more or less taught herself calculus and reapplied

30、to the political science department. And by the spring semester, she was admitted into the doctoral program. And as they say, the rest is history.Segment 3I think that one of the things that attracted Lynn to Vincent is that from Day 1, he did take her seriously. They were together in a way that mos

31、t married people never get together from Day 1. The point is neither of them would have been as important as they were together.When we did the house, I had to draw it. We wanted the roof pitched this way. Well, there we were interested in the traditions of the American Indians up far North. And in

32、ranch houses, you had a roof running this way with a totem pole out front. So I ended up drawing a lot of this houseTranscript:Elinor: Weve already entered a new era, and we recognize that women have the capabilities of doing great scientific work. And, yes, I appreciate that this is an honor to be

33、the first woman, but I wont be the last. I was born in Los Angeles, in the Depression, 1933. Poor like we were, and my Dad This is a very rough time for him. And trying to figure out how to get enough income, that was pretty, pretty rough. I had the good fortune of my mother transferring me into Bev

34、erly Hills High School. There were times that were very painful for me, poor kid in a rich kids school. And then, of all things, I stuttered. They wanted me to engage in speech training. So they had me do debate. You learned how to listen, engage and argue effectively. And I did do quite well in spe

35、ech. M.H. Goldstick: Lynn was a classmate of mine. She was fun. She had a darling sense of humor. I had a lot of confidence that she just knew the answers. I looked through my yearbooks, and I saw her picture is in every group where something or activity is taking place for the community or the scho

36、ol.And this is the commencement for the high school graduation, Beverly Hills High School. And Lynn made the Commencement Address. And the subject is, hold on, “Is There a World Tomorrow?” Elinor: When I wanted to go to college, my mom was very much opposed. I had to work my way through. So I went t

37、hrough in 3 years, because its a big challenge to get enough funding actually to make it every year. And I went through, and I graduated, with 8 dollars in the bank. I married my childhood sweetheart. And I put him through Harvard Law School. And so I had to go off to Boston to find a job. And every

38、 time I applied, they would say, “Do you take shorthand? Do you take typing?” But I had had an opportunity to interview downtown for a position in Personnel, and I talked my way into that position. I volunteered to work for them for 6 weeks for free, if they would just hire me. I wanted a, a real po

39、sition, I didnt want to end up being a., you know, typing or shorthand the rest of my life. I started to take one graduate course a semester for a while and get my MPA. And I got very excited about it. Then it turned out my childhood sweetheart went, I thought, was going to go into private practice,

40、 but ended up working, to work for a private corporation. And our lifestyles just went dramatically different. There was a lot of cocktail talk and light talk. We struggled through this. Was it not going to work? And we decided that it was not going to work. He found a new sweetheart soon. I went to

41、 graduate school and eventually met Vincent. Elinor: Well, I got accepted to do a Masters, a Masters in Public Administration. And thats a professional degree. And since I worked in the industry, and worked in Personnel Management, it made sense. Louis Weschler: Once she finally got admitted into th

42、e Masters program, she shifted from that job and took the position as the research assistant on a project that I was working on called the Lakewood Project with Bob Warren, Charles M. Tiebout, Vincent Ostrom. And they were going to write the definitive book about metropolitan governance in Los Angel

43、es. And she was a sort of a librarian gopher for that project. When she completed her Masters degree, it did not advance her. Elinor: I was not admitted into a Ph.D. program, I was admitted into a Masters. But when I decided that I liked it, and I would like to do a Ph.D, that was an entirely differ

44、ent picture. I was in this hostile environment, where a lot of the faculty did not like it that there were women in the program. Economics just said no. And part of their reason for that was because I had not had any math in college, and part of the reason for that was that in my high school, they d

45、idnt let girls take trigonometry, unless they got an A in algebra and geometry. And so I never had the kinds of math courses that economics students had. Louis Weschler: Having never taken calculus before, she more or less taught herself calculus and reapplied to the political science department. An

46、d by the spring semester, she was admitted into the doctoral program. And as they say, the rest is history. Louis Weschler: I think that one of the things that attracted Lynn to Vincent is that from Day 1, he did take her seriously. They were together in a way that most married people never get toge

47、ther from Day 1. The point is neither of them would have been as important as they were together. Vincent Ostrom: Lynn and I have been close collaborators. Now for a period of 40 years, Ive been able to carry on conversations with Lynn at breakfast, throughout dinner time and then we were able to co

48、ntinue to address puzzles and we looked upon the problems we were confronting as puzzles to be solved. So instead of arguing, we were inquiring. Elinor Ostrom: When we did the house, I had to draw it. We wanted the roof pitched this way. Well, there we were interested in the traditions of the American Indians up far North. And in ranch houses, you had a roof running this way with a totem pole out front. So I ended up drawing a lot of this house. And then when we built the log cabin, Vincent did the initial sketch