交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计

1、毕 业 设 计题 目： 交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计院系： 电气信息学院 专业：电气工程及其自动化 班级： 学号学生姓名：导师姓名：完成日期：诚 信 声 明本人声明：1、本人所呈交的毕业设计（论文）是在老师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果；2、据查证，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，毕业设计（论文）中不包含其他人已经公开发表过的研究成果，也不包含为获得其他教育机构的学位而使用过的材料；3、我承诺，本人提交的毕业设计（论文）中的所有内容均真实、可信。作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日毕业设计（论文）任务书题目： 交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计 姓名 院系 电气信息学院 专业 电气工

2、程及其自动化 班级 学号指导老师 职称 讲师 教研室主任一、 基本任务及要求：1电器制造系统计算机自动化概论；2零部件信息描述和分类编码；3交流接触器CAPP。二、 进度安排及完成时间：1、 第一周至第三周：明确课题任务及要求，搜集课题所需资料，掌握资料查阅方法，了解本课题研究现状、存在问题及研究的实际意义。2、 第三周：查阅相关资料，自学相关内容，确定课题总体方案，分配课题任务， 确定个人研究重点，做好选题报告。3、 第四周至第五周：根据自己研究的方向，确定自己的总体设计方案，根据对象特性进行各种控制方法的研究，并设计硬件总体模块图及软件模块图。4、第六周至第十二周：完成系统的控制方法研究，

3、软、硬件设计。5、第十三周至第十四周：系统仿真及调试。6、第十五周至第十六周：整理资料，完成毕业论文编写，进行毕业答辩。目 录摘 要： ······································

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5、3;············································ I Abstract： ···

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8、83;························· II 第1章 绪 论 ······················

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10、83;················································· 1

11、1.1 交流接触器的用途、工作原理及分类 ··············································

12、83;····························· 1 1.2 交流接触器的主要技术参数 ·················&

13、#183;·················································&

14、#183;························ 1 1.3 设计的主要技术指标 ······················&#

15、183;·················································&#

16、183;······························· 3 1.4 交流接触器的设计要求与典型结构 ··············

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18、83;··············· 4 1.4.1 设计要求 ································&

19、#183;·················································&

20、#183;····································· 4 1.4.2 典型结构 ··········

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23、;·········· 4 1.4.3总体结构方案确定 ·····································

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25、·················· 4 第2章 电器制造系统计算机自动化概论 ····························&#

26、183;··············································· 6 2.1 概述 

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29、3;······························· 6 2.2 大批量生产的自动化 ················

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31、;······································ 6 2.3 多品种小批量的自动化 ·········

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33、;········································· 7 2.3.1 成组技术 ······

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36、83;············· 7 2.3.2 数字控制 ··································&

37、#183;·················································&

38、#183;··································· 7 2.3.3 自适应控制 ···········

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41、3;···· 8 2.3.4 柔性制造系统 ···········································

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43、··················· 8 2.3.5 计算机辅助制造 ····························&

44、#183;·················································&

45、#183;····························· 8 2.3.6 计算机集成制造系统 ·················

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47、································· 8 第3章 零部件信息描述和分类编码 ·············

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49、3;···················· 10 3.1 概述 ····························

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52、;·· 10 3.2 零件分类编码系统的结构 ············································

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54、 3.2.1 树式结构 ················································

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56、···················· 11 3.2.2 链式结构 ···························

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58、83;········································ 11 3.2.3 混合式结构 ·······

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61、;······· 12 3.3 几个常见的分类编码系统 ·······································

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63、83;···· 13 3.3.1 OPITZ系统 ··········································

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65、83;······················ 13 3.3.2 KK-3系统 ························

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67、3;········································ 13 3.3.3 JLBM-1系统 ······

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70、83;···· 15 3.3.4 冲压件的OPITZ系统 ··········································

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72、;······ 15 3.3.5 CYBM冲压零件分类编码系统 ·······································

73、3;············································· 15 3.4 零件表面元素描述法 ·

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76、3; 153.5 从CAD系统提取零件输入信息 ··············································

77、········································ 16 第4章 交流接触器CAPP ·······

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79、·············································· 17 4.1 概述 ··&

80、#183;·················································&

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82、#183;··························· 17 4.2 CAPP的系统功能 ···················&

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84、#183;······································· 17 4.3 CAPP系统的分类 ·······&

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87、#183;· 18 4.3.1 检索式CAPP系统 ·············································

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89、;········· 18 4.3.2 派生式CAPP系统 ·····································

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91、83;················ 18 4.3.3 创成式CAPP系统 ······························&

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93、#183;······················· 18 4.3.4 半创成式CAPP系统 ······················

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95、3;··························· 19 4.3.5 广义CAPP系统 ···················

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97、83;······································ 19 4.4 交流接触器的CAPP系统设计 ·······

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99、3;······························ 19 4.5 模块功能介绍 ·················&

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101、#183;··············································· 20 4.5.1 工艺数

102、据库系统 ·················································&

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104、#183;······ 20 4.5.2 方案代号编制规则 ········································

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106、············ 21 4.5.3 工艺文件检索编辑系统 ··································

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108、83;········· 22 4.5.4 工艺文件输出系统-报表 ·····································

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110、;· 23 4.5.5 工艺文件维护系统 ·············································

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112、3;······ 23 4.5.6 资源数据库检索系统 ········································&#

113、183;·················································&#

114、183;······· 24 4.5.7 资源数据库检索系统 ·······································

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116、········· 24 4.5.8 用户管理系统 ······································&

117、#183;·················································&

118、#183;····················· 24 4.5.9 主菜单系统 ·························

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120、83;······································ 25 4.6 交流接触器CAPP系统的基本模块及其系统的基础 ······&

121、#183;··········································· 25 4.6.1 交流接触器CAPP系统的基本模块 ·

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123、3;······················ 25 4.6.2 交流接触器CAPP系统的基础 ·······················

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125、83;·········· 26 4.7 交流接触器的派生式CAPP系统 ···································

126、83;·············································· 27 4.8 交流接触器CAPP系统的设

127、计步骤 ·················································&#

128、183;···························· 29 4.9 交流接触器的选择和接法 ··················

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130、························ 30 4.9.1 交流接触器的选择 ·······················

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132、;··························· 30 4.9.2 交流接触器的接法 ···················

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134、3;······························ 31 结 束 语 ··················

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137、············ 32 参 考 文 献 ····································

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139、······································ 33 致 谢 ··········

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141、3;····································· 错误！未定义书签。学院毕业设计论文交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计摘 要：交流接触器作为低压电器的主要产品，它的结构先进寿命与可靠性的提高，既影响企

142、业生产的竞争能力，又影响国家经济建设。CJ20型交流接触器主要用于交流50Hz（60Hz）、额定电压至660V（个别等级能至1140V）、电流至630A的电力线路中供远距离频繁接通和分断电路以及频繁起动和控制交流电动机，并适宜与热继电器或电子保护装置组成电磁起动器，以保护电路或交流电动机可能发生的过负荷及断相。CJ20交流接触器为直动式，双断点，立体布置，结构简单紧凑，外形安装腔尺寸较老产品大大缩小。CAPP是计算机辅助工艺过程设计（Computer Aided Process Planning）的简称，是利用计算机技术辅助工艺人员设计零件从毛坯到成品的制造方法，是将企业产品设计数据转换为产品

143、制造数据的一种技术。本次工艺设计包括线圈结构分析，工艺设计，质量检验方法及设备；磁轭结构分析，工艺设计，质量检验方法及设备；桥形触头组件的结构分析，连接工艺质量检验方法及设备；成型参数的确定、触头支持工艺分析、弹簧持工艺设计、设计弹簧支持弯曲模。关键词：接触器、工艺、结构、零件、CAPPI学院毕业设计论文Exchanges and contacts with the computer-aided design ofa point of orderAbstract：As for the exchanges and contacts with the main low-voltage electr

144、ical products, its structure and reliability of advanced life enhancing, not only affects the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises and affect national economic construction. CJ20 of exchanges and contacts with key for the exchange of 50 Hz (60Hz), the rated voltage to 660 V (individual grade

145、s can to 1140 V), to 630 A current of electricity lines for frequent long-distance access and breaking circuit and the frequent exchange of starter motors and control And appropriate and thermal protection relay or an electronic device composed of electromagnetic starter, to protect the electrical c

146、ircuit or exchange may occur overload and break phase. CJ20 exchanges and contacts with the straight-and double-break point, three-dimensional layout, a simple compact structure, shape install cavity size much smaller than the old products. CAPP process is computer-aided design (Computer Aided Proce

147、ss Planning) of the acronym, is using computer-aided design of parts from the rough to the finished product manufacturing methods, is the product design data into a product manufacturing data technologies.The design process including the coil structure, process design, quality testing methods and eq

148、uipment; magnetic yoke structural analysis, process design, quality testing methods and equipment; contact components of the bridge-shaped structure, connecting the quality of tests and equipment; Forming the parameters established, contact support process analysis, design of a spring, spring to sup

149、port the design bending die.Keywords：Contactor 、Technology 、 Frame、 Parts、CAPPII交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计第1章 绪 论1.1 交流接触器的用途、工作原理及分类交流接触器是一种适用于远距离频繁地接通和分断交流主电路及大容量控制电路的电器。它主要用作控制交流感应电动机的起动、停止、反转、调速，并与热继电器或其它适当的保护装置组合，保护电动机可能发生的过载或断相，也可用于控制其它电力负载如电热器、电照明、电焊机、电容器组等。交流接触器的主要组成部分1包括：触头灭弧系统、电磁系统、支架和外壳等。它的工作原理是：当

150、吸引线圈通电后，电磁系统即可把电能转换为机械能，所产生的电磁吸力克服反作用弹簧与触头弹簧的反作用力，使铁心吸合，并带动触头支架移动，动、静触头接触闭合，从而完成接通主电路的操作。当吸引线圈断电或者电压显著下降时，由于电磁吸力消失或过小，衔铁与动触头则在弹簧反作用力下断开，触头打开时产生电弧，电弧在回路电动力的驱动下迅速移动，并在灭弧室内冷却去游离熄灭，最后分断电路。交流接触器用途广泛，品种繁多，按其结构和用途分类：按主触头级数分为单极、双极、三极和多极；按主触头的正常(即励磁线圈无电时)位置分为常分式和常合式；按吸引线圈种类分为交流励磁和直流励磁；按灭弧介质分为空气式和真空式；按有无灭弧室分为

151、有灭弧室和无灭弧室。1.2 交流接触器的主要技术参数（1）额定绝缘电压、额定工作电压及额定工作电流额定绝缘电压即规定交流接触器工作电压的最大值；交流接触器主触头的额定工作电压有：220、380、660、1140V；辅助触头额定工作电压有：交流380V、直流220V；（2）额定工作制间断长期工作制(8h工作制)：此工作制为基本工作制，接触器的约定发热电流Ith由这种工作制确定。不间断工作制：在这种工作制下，接触器的主触头保持闭合，并承载一稳定电流超过8h(如几星期、几个月甚至几年)也不分断。断续周期工作制：断续周期工作制的操作频率和通电持续率由产品标准规定。 短时工作制：短时工作制的标准值触头通

152、电时间分为10、30、60与90min。（3）操作频率1交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计指每小时允许的操作次数。交流接触器的操作频率一般为3001200次/时。操作频率直接影响到接触器的电寿命及灭弧室的工作条件，对于交流接触器还影响线圈的温升，所以是一个重要的技术指标。（4）使用类别、接通分断能力按接通分断能力来区分使用类别，接触器的接通和分断能力随着用途和控制对象的不同有很大的差异，它时正确设计和选用接触器的主要依据，按IEC60947.4.1-1990、GB14048.4-1993接触器标准规定：交流接触器可划分为AC-1、AC-2、AC-3、AC-4等四种使用类别，不同使用类别的接通与

153、分断能力的接通和分断条件1见表1.1.表1.1 不同使用类别的接通与分断能力的接通和分断条件注 Ie额定工作电流 U接通前电压Ue额定工作电压 Ur恢复电压 I接通电流 Ie分断电流 （5）机械寿命、电寿命交流接触器是一种频繁操作的电器，自动控制系统不仅要求它有很高的操作频率，而且要求它有与之相适应的较高的机械寿命和电寿命，以提高系统运行的可靠性。交流接触器的机械寿命一般为1000万次，小容量交流接触器的机械寿命可高达3000万次，交流接触器的电寿命随使用类别不同而不同，IEC60947.4.1-1990和GB14048.4-1993规定各使用类别电寿命试验的接通和断开条件1见表1.2。2交流

154、接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计表1.2 不同使用类别下验证电寿命的接通和分断条件注 Ie额定工作电流 U接通前电压Ue额定工作电压 Ur恢复电压 I接通电流 Ie分断电流1.3 设计的主要技术指标(1) 额定绝缘电压(最高额定工作电压)Ui:690V (2) 额定工作电压Ue:380V(3) 额定工作电流(使用类别AC-3)Ie:100A (4) 约定发热电流Ith:125A(5) 额定控制电源电压（即线圈电压）US:220V、50Hz (6) 使用类别:AC-3(7) 周围空气温度:-40oC+40 oC (8) 工作制:长期工作制(9) 寿命:机械寿命1000万次，电寿命300万次 (10

155、) 操作频率:AC-3 1200次/h (11) 辅助触头约定发热电流:10A(12) 辅助触头额定工作电压、电流:230V、10A3交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计1.4 交流接触器的设计要求与典型结构1.4.1 设计要求（1）灭弧性能好，分断电流时燃弧时间短，过电压低，喷弧距离小。（2）触头材料具有良好的导电、导热性能、耐腐蚀、抗熔焊性能好，以降低触头的温升和提高电寿命，同时要求触头材料的工艺性好，价格低廉。（3）结构设计合理，机构寿命高，并具有足够的承受短时耐受电流的能力。1.4.2 典型结构在确定交流接触器的结构之前，需要先了解交流接触器的几种典型结构型式1:（1）杠杆传动单断点形式

156、 它是一种条架式结构,基本元件组装在条架上，衔铁在闭合过程中通过连接的支架使转轴旋转，而动触头系统也组装在转轴上，因此带动动触头闭合。触头为单断点指形触头，设计为在闭合过程中有滚动与滑动的运动方式，用以消除触头表面的氧化层。灭弧装置设计为串联磁吹线圈，并配合用多纵缝灭弧室，它有强烈的灭弧作用，电弧的游离气体易于扩散，热量易于散出，适用于高操作频率。（2）杠杆转动双断点形式 以转动式磁系统为例，衔铁在吸合过程中，通过支架是轴转动，轴带动杠杆使触头系统作直线运动，动、静触头闭合。线圈断电后，在反力弹簧的作用下，衔铁打开到停档限制的位置，同时主触头分断。辅助触头借助于杠杆的转动实现转换。灭弧装置为多

157、纵缝灭弧室。（3）双断点直动式形式。磁系统通过支架直接带动触头作直线运动。线圈通电后，衔铁吸向铁心，衔铁带动支架使动、静触头闭合，支架同时带动置于两侧的辅助触头动作。线圈断电后，在反作用弹簧的作用下，衔铁被释放，同时使触头之间分断。触头接通和分断时产生的电弧，用装有灭弧栅片的灭弧室熄灭。1.4.3总体结构方案确定在给定的技术指标的基础下，初步确定40A三极交流接触器采用双断点桥式触头，直动式磁系统，各零件均安装在塑料外壳和铝合金底座上的整体式结构。辅助触头、主触头、电磁系统两层立体布置，结构紧凑，缩小安装面积。接触器的外壳由两段组成，上段为热固性塑料压制的躯壳和耐高温的绝缘材料制成的外壳，外壳

158、内安装三个双向可4交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计控硅及控制电路。主触头设计成三腔可简化模具结构，并可满足控制三相四线制电路及派生中间继电器的需要。辅助触头组件采用卡装式结构，配备二常开和二常闭触头。下段为冷冲压成形的铝合金底座，固定电磁系统和缓冲装置，底部有卡轨安装用的锁扣，可装于帽形标准安装轨上，安装拆卸十分方便。触头接线端子采用带瓦形垫圈的不落自升式组合螺钉，接线方便，使用安全。交流接触器结构原理图如图1.1所示：图1.1 交流接触器结构原理图5交流接触器的计算机辅助工艺规程设计第2章 电器制造系统计算机自动化概论2.1 概述电器制造工业是机械制造工业的重要组成部分。它不仅提供人民生活

159、所必须的产品，而且为国民经济各部门提供大量的电器技术装备。机械制造系统是实现对零件的机械加工、直接改变材料或毛坯的形状、尺寸和性能，成为零件、部件活产品。同时，要求达到一定的质量（精度、表面质量和物理性能）、生产率和成本的要求。机电制造企业为了在激烈的市场竞争中具有强大的生命力，必须从多方面着收，提高产品质量降低产品成本，减轻工人劳动强度，提高劳动生产率，并不断开发新产品，加速老产品的更新换代。这样，促使企业一方面加强新产品的研制，另一方面必须对机电制造系统进行技术改造，使其尽快适应市场的需要。系统的革新的改造，主要从制造工艺、更新设备、装备自动化、系统控制以及组织管理现代化等方面着手进行，而采用自动化制造系统是最有效的方法之一。机电制造系统自动化可分为大批量生产的自动化和多品种小批量生产的自动化两大类。由于品种和批量的不同，所采取的控制和自动化手段也不尽相同。2.2 大批量生产的自动化