不规则动词的规律 Microsoft Word 文档

1、不规则动词难对付。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:beat/beat/beaten三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/runcome,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、

2、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed四、过去式,过去分词相同:(1 去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeet/met/met feed/fed/fed(2 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptkeep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept (3 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加tspell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt(4 过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtb

3、ring/brought/broughtbuy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought(5 将stand改为stoodstand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood(6 将ay改为aidlay/laid/laid pay/paid/paidsay/said/said(7 将d改为tlend/lent/lent send/sent/sentspend/spent/spent build/built/built (8 将i改为a , o, u等sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spatwin/won/won

4、 dig/dug/dug(9 将ell改为oldtell/told/told sell/sold/sold (10 词尾加tlearn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt (11 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged smell/smelt/sme

5、lt smell/smelled/smelled (12 其它have(has/had/had hear/heard/heard shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/losthold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten find/found/found make/made/made leave/left/left五、三者均不同:(1 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown grow/grew/grown know/knew/known throw/threw/thrown值得注意的是:sh

6、ow/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn(2改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk (3改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden (4 原形后加n变成过去分词drive/drove/driven rise/rose/riseneat/a

7、te/eaten fall/fell/fallengive/gave/given(5 过去式后加n变成过去分词break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen freeze/froze/frozen steal/stole/stolen mistake/mistook/mistakenspeak/spoke/spoken take/took/take wake/woke/woken(或woke(6其它be/was或were/been do/did/done forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone hide/hid/hidden se

8、e/saw/seen wear/wore/worn六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。wake/woke/woken (或wokewake/waked/wakedsink/sank/sunk (下沉sink/sunk/sunken 七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词lay放,下蛋laid/laid/layingfind 找到、发现

9、find/found/foundfound 创建,成立found/founded/founded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆(一词义相对:(1 come/came/come来go/went/gone去(2 give/gave/given给get/got/got(AmE gotten获得(3 sleep/slept/slept睡觉wake/woke/woken (或wokewake/waked/ waked 醒来(4 rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使下沉(

10、5 buy/bought/bought买sell/sold/sold 出售, 卖(6 take/took/taken带去bring/brought/ brought 带来(7 teach/taught/taught教learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会(8 lose/lost/lost丢失、失败find/found/found找到win/won/won赢得、(获胜(9 stand/stood/stood站、立sit/sat/sat坐(10 send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送get/got/got(AmE gotten获得、收到(二、词义相近:(1 beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败win/won/won赢得、获胜(2 understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识(3 get/got/got(AmE gotten变成、成为、变得become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成(4 spend/s