化妆品加盟店经营策略如何在市场上起作用

1、1Rapid LbL assembly for thick film fabrication 化妆品 2现有的层状组装膜的快速构筑技术现有的层状组装膜的快速构筑技术1、Spin-assembly technique2、Spraying layer-by-layer deposition technique3、Exponential growth of LbL deposited films3P. Schaaf, Langmuir 2007, 23, 1898-1904Exponential LbL assemblyE-LbL assembly: initially exponential, t

2、hen the growth process enters the linear regimeDiffuse in and out of polyelectrolytes in the whole films(i) Limited to weak polyelectrolytes, especially biomacromolecules4Building blocks with large dimensions usually lead to thick films (rapid film fabrication). Polymeric microgels Polymeric complex

3、es (including polymeric-inorganic complexes) Inorganic species and their aggregates5 PVPONPAA PMAANOnnCOOHCOOHnFormation of PVPON-PAA complexesPVPON-PAA_1.8 (right) and PVPON-PAA_1.2 (lef) complexes in deionized water with a pH of 1.5Turbidity: 83% 99% 670nm 238nmPVPON-PAA_1.2PVPON-PAA_1.86LbL depos

4、ition of PVPON-PAA/PMAA films No drying step was used in the film deposition procedure.J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 4977a-e: PVPON-PAA_1.8/PMAA f: PVPON-PAA_1.2/PMAASurface morphology of PVPON-PAA/PMAA films510152030208Influence of drying step on film deposition(a) PVPON-PAA_1.8/PMAA (b) PVPON-PAA_1.2/

5、PMAA :PVPON-PAA; : PMAAa and c) (PVPON-PAA_1.8/PMAA)*20b and d) (PVPON-PAA_1.2/PMAA)*20166.833.3 nm132.310.1 nm 9(PVPON&PAA_1.8/PMAA)*20, spin 3000rpm, 138.425.2 nmSpin-coated multilayer films10CA155.6, sliding angle 2.6Fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings (PVPON-PAA_1.8/PMAA)*15POTS5 mM. F.

6、 Rubner, Nano Lett., 2004, 4, 1349 100.5-bilayer poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) mulitilayer films, followed by acid treatment and overcoating with silica particles 11Rapid, and direct LbL deposition process to the fabrication of macroporous coatings12Difficulty in dire

7、ct LbL fabrication of macro-porous coatingsV. V. Tsukruk, Langmuir 2008, 24, 5996PAH: poly(allylamine hydrochloride)PSS: poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)10 bilayer17 bilayerSelf-adjusting, how to overcome it?LbL assembled nanoporous PAH/PSS films13LbL deposition of polyelectrolyte complexes for the f

8、abrication of foam coatingsChem. Commun. 2009, 39013903nCOOH-+No drying step was used for the foam coating fabrication unless it was in the last layer. 178 nm125 nmDiazoresin (DAR)PSSPAA14Foam coatings for recycling usage to remove organic dyesRelease was performed in H2OethanolNaCl (1 : 0.8 : 0.06,

9、 w/w/w) ternary mixture.2.69 madsorption capacity: 1.78 mmol/g15(PAA-DAR/DAR-PSS)*15 film, film thickness: 134 30 nm.Influence of drying step on foam coating fabrication The non-drying LbL deposition process is critical to keep the sphere-like structure of PECs in the coatings and prohibit the self-

10、adjusting to form macroposrou foam coatings. 16Highly transparent superhydrophobic coatingsOutdoor photovoltaic and displaying devices 17Transparent superhydrophobic coatings14 nm SiO2PAHPreparation：（1）(PAH/SiO2)*4（2）Calcination to remove organic components（3）Chemical vapor deposition of a POTS laye

11、rrms roughness 74.8 nmCA：157，SA: 2 (1) Quartz(2) Quartz with superhydrophobic coating(1)(2)1814 nm SiO2PDDA-silicate(PDDA-silicate/PAA)*12(SiO2/PAH)*4+ POTSHighly transparent superhydrophobic coatings-the fabrication of underlying AR coatingSiOONaONanSodium silicateNnH3CCH3+Cl-PDDALangmuir 2008, 24,

12、 10851-10857 19Chem. Commun. 2009, 2730.Highly transparent superhydrophobic coatings4005006007008009095100Transmittance (%)Wavelength /nmCA：157，SA: 1 (1) Bare quartz(2) Transparent superhydrophobic coating(3) Highly transparent superhydrophobic coating(1)(2)(3)(PDDA-silicate/PAA)*12 + (SiO2/PAH)*4+

13、POTS20Self-healing superhydrophobic coatingsLi, Y.; Li, L.; Sun,J. Q. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, accepted 21Issues in superhydrophobic coatingsDecomposition of low-surface-energy materials on the coating surface;Damage of hierarchical structures by scratching;Cannot be subject to plasma cleaningPla

14、nts maintain their superhydrophobicity by regenerating its epicuticular wax layer after they are damaged.22Schematic description of the working principle of self-healing superhydrophobic coatings 23LbL deposited PAH-SPEEK/PAA coatings527 nm PAH(PAH-SPEEK/PAA)*60.5: 2.7 0.4 m 24For ion-triggered exfo

15、liation method, see: Sun, Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 5058-5062,Releasing superhydrophobic coatings by an ion-triggered exfoliation methodExfoliation solution: aqueous solution with a pH of 2.0 25Damaging-healing cycles26Migration of fluoroalkylsilane to coating surface27Resistance to scratch, UV irradia

16、tion and plasma etchingSurface of sand paperScratching device28LbL assembled free-standing filmsFree-standing films refer to films exist without solid substrates. (i) To broaden further the application of LbL assembled multilayer films. (ii) To investigate directly the elastomeric properties of the

17、LbL assembled films. The existing preparative methods (not restricted to LbL films) Sacrificial layer Removal of substrate29Diagram of the excitonic energy levels in the REF (a) and the CET (b) sample. The thick lines represent the bottom of the exciton band, thin solid lines the vibronic progressio

18、ns. The dotted lines symbolize trap states. (a) Most of the excitons in the REF sample are trapped in surface states, from where they decay nonradiatively. Only defect-poor NCs contribute significantly to the PL yield. Even defect-poor NCs may be affected via exciton transfer to defect-rich NCs. (b)

19、 Excitons in the six layers of smaller sized NCs are trapped in surface states similar to the trapping in the REF sample. However, the trapped excitons can be transferred very efficiently from layers with smaller NCs to layers with larger NCs. Most importantly, these recycled excitons finally reach

20、the center layer of red-emitting NCs with only low excess energy which reduces the probability of being trapped.30Nanostructured artificial nacrenature materials 2003, 2, 413.The material of seashell nacre and bones are well known for their hardness, strength and toughnesssuperior to many man-made c

21、eramics and compositescomplemented by unique biological/biomedical properties. Their distinctive mechanical qualities are attributed to a highly regular brick-and-mortar arrangement of organic and inorganic elements, which combines the elasticity of 1050 nm protein layers (for example -chitin and lu

22、strins) and the strength of CaCO3 tablets 200900 nm thick.The structurefunction harmony of nacre and other hard biological tissues has inspired a large class of biomimetic advanced materials and organic/inorganic composites. The addition of inorganic components, such as clays, to organic polymers no

23、ticeably improves the mechanical, barrier and thermal properties of polymers and Rubbers.31A glass slide was sequentially immersed in a 0.5% solution of poly(diallydimethylammonium) chloride polycation (PDDA;Mw = 200,000) for 5 min and anionic montmorillonite clay (Aldrich) for 10 min at pH 4.2 and

24、8.3 for polyelectrolyte (P) and clay (C) dispersions respectively. Each P and C adsorption step was followed by a rinse in deionized water (18 M) at pH 5.6 for 2 min. The film growth process was then immediately continued by depositing the partner compound. The deposition procedure was realized with

25、 a robotic manipulator (DR-1, R&K Technologies, Germany) programmed to carry out all the operationsautomatically for n=1200. PREPARATION OF FREE-STANDING FILMSThe glass slide carrying (P/C)n was immersed into 0.5 wt% HF solution, which dissolved the thin layer of SiO2 coating silicon wafers supp

26、orting the (P/C)n stack. It also rendered glass surfaces more hydrophobic due to the formation of silicon fluoride. The free-standing (P/C)n film could then be easily delaminated.HF treatment resulted in the breakage of some platelets, their average AFM size decreased from 150400 nm to 50200 nm, whe

27、reas the overall structure remained undisturbed.32Figure 1 Microscopic and macroscopic description of (P/C)n multilayers. a, Phase-contrast AFM image of a (P/C)1 film on Si substrate.b, Enlarged portion of the film in a showing overlapping clay platelets marked by arrows. c,The (P/C)n film structure

28、.The thickness of each clay platelet is 0.9 nm. d, Photograph of free-standing (P/C)50 film after delamination. e, Close up photograph of the film in d under side illumination.33Figure 2 Electron microscopy images of (P/C)n multilayers. a, Scanning electron microscopy of an edge of a (P/C)100 film.

29、b and c,Transmission electron micrographs of (P/C)200 free-standing film cross-sections embedded in epoxy resin at different magnifications.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination (Fig. 2a) of the (P/C)100 film cross-section revealed a layered structure which was conceptually similar to that

30、of nacre. The film was dense and uniform in thickness. The thickness of the film cross-sections was 1.2 0.1 m, 2.4 0.15 m, and 4.9 0.4 m for (P/C)50, (P/C)100, and (P/C)200 respectively (see Methods).34Youngs modulus, E, can be calculated by dividing the tensile stress by the tensile strain:whereE i

31、s the Youngs modulus (modulus of elasticity) F is the force applied to the object; A0 is the original cross-sectional area through which the force is applied; L is the amount by which the length of the object changes; L0 is the original length of the object. 352. Ion-triggered exfoliation method3602

32、468 10 12 14 16 18 20020040060080010001200 Thickness / nmNumber of Deposition CyclesPAHMw ca. 70 000PAAMw ca. 2000PAH/PAA Film Fabrication(PAA/PAH)*15NnH3CCH3+Cl-COOHnPDDADipping Robot DR-3, Riegler & Kirstein GmbH37Exfoliation of a (PAA/PAH)*15 film Free-standing (PAH/PAA)*15 film in water. Siz

33、e：3 3 cm2. Exfoliation solution: 0.1 mol/L CuCl2, pH=3.62min4min0min38(PAA/PAH)*15 film before and after exfoliationrms: 1.7 nmrms: 244 nmFree-standing (PAA/PAH)*15 film 39Mechanism of Ion-Triggered Exfoliation Method120010008006004002000405400395 970 960 950 940 930 Cu 2pCu 2p Intensity / a.u.Bindi

34、ng Energy / eVCl 2pCu 2pN 1sO 1sC 1sN 1sXPS spectra of a (PAA/PAH)*15 free-standing film released from an exfoliation solution of 0.1 mol/L CuCl2 (pH 3.6).+HCu2+substrate40AFM images (50 50 m) of a (PAA/PAH)*15 film deposited on a silicon wafer when immersed in an exfoliation solution (0.1 mol/L CuC

35、l2, pH 3.6) for different lengths of time: (a) 10 s, (b) 30 s, (c) 1 min, (d) 5 min, and (e) 30 min.Evolution of the ridge structures10 s30 s1 min5 min30 min41Exfoliation of thermally cross-linked PAA/PAH filmExfoliation solution: aqueous solution with a pH of 2.0.Cross-linked (PAA/PAH)*30 film: 180 C Ultimate tensile strength (u): 963 MPa Youngs modulus (E): 4.3 0.1 GPaUltimate strain () : 3.30.5 % 2 h7 h42Tube-Like Free-Standing FilmsChem. Mater. 2007, 19, 5058-5062 (PAA/PAH)*30 films, outer diameter: 6 (a), 3 (b), and 1 mm (c). Exfoliation solution: 0.1 mol/L CuCl2, pH=3.6