2018年天津高考英语：巧解高考完型

1、.2018年XX高考英语：巧解高考完型众所周知，完形填空往往是同学们在考试当中失分最多、提分最慢也是最没把握的一个题型。这也令我们大部分的高三考生头疼不已。今天，我们就来帮助大家好好分析一下这个“障碍”，下文会给大家一些实用的解题小建议，已起到“敲砖引玉”的作用。从命题规律上说，高考完形填空遵循“文章内容体现生活化”和“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，综合考查考生的语言知识与能力。体裁多以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。未来高考完形填空题将更加侧重于考查语境，而实词能较好地体现语境。因此，动词、名词、形容词和副词的运用将会是完形填空考查的重中之重。一、考情分析命题规律：高考完形填空遵

2、循“文章内容体现生活化”和“以实词为主、虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的名词原则，综合考查考生的语言知识与能力。命题趋势：未来高考完形填空题将更加侧重于考查语境，而实词能较好地体现语境。因此，动词、名词、形容词和副词的运用将会是完形填空考查的重中之重。二、真题统计动词名词形容词副词介词连词语法代词201640%25%15%10%5%5%-201520%30%20%15%5%5%5%-201445%20%20%10%-5%-201335%20%20%15%10%5%5%-201240%25%15%5%5%5%-5%201130%35%10%10%5%5%5%-201045%35%10%5%5%-20

3、0940%35%10%-10%5%-三、解题步骤1. 通读原文抓中心，理逻辑，懂大意第一遍读文章时不要做题，而是跳过空格，通读试题所给的要填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。在读第一遍时要注意先读懂文章的首句和末句，因为这两句往往是没有被挖空的句子。它们往往是全文的关键句，是文章的“窗口”和“指南”，可作为解题的突破口。通过读文章的首句一般可判断文章的体裁、人物、时间、事件和事态等。文章的最后一句或最后一段，往往是故事发展的结果，所陈述的事件的结论、启示性的提示，或是对全篇文章的概括。因此，先读一读末句对理解文章是很有帮助的。首句：一般不设空画一个中心词（人/

4、事/物）首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主体、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握主题句，对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。（2016XX）The journey my daughter Cathy has had with swimming is as long as it is beautiful.带空阅读且简单空可以填固定搭配，语感，简单推断（2016课标全国）Just before September, Miller was struck b a car and lost his right arm. I went to

5、 see him after he came back from 4 _. A. school B.vocationC.hospitalD.training尾句/尾段确认自己对于文章中心的把握（2015XX）My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.Thats how we found our home and how I learned that when people are _, they are not strangers, only friends we havent met yet. 2

6、.精读+做题解题技巧语境信息解题法（两类提示+三大原则）提示信息的种类：词，句子.提示信息的位置：上文，下文，紧邻，较远（牢记原则和放一放原则）完形填空最主要的特点就是语境，即上下文。所以语境便是我们做题最重要的法门。完形填空中，有80%-90%的空都可以在上下文中找到提示信息，所以我们在做题的过程中，一定要注意该空的前后文。这些提示信息可能是一个词，句子，事件或者“and”“but”连词。它们可能就在该空的上一句或下一句，也可能在距离该空比较远的地方。对于提示词比较远的时候，我们有两种选择：先猜，然后通过后文的提示进行确认；先放一放，找到提示信息再返回做题。提示信息的种类：a.有时候，设空的

7、提示信息就是与之相关的一个词，通过这个词，我们可以从四个选项中排除出正确的答案。（2016XX）Cathy suffered some terrible 16_ in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17_became healthy.16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. IllnessIt was the greatest 34_ of my daughters life. With all she had been 35_ in her ten years, this

8、 was the hour of true triumph(成功).34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. Moment（2016）How could the medicine get to Nome The towns 4_ was already full of ice, so it couldnt e by ship.4. A.airportB.stationC.harborD.borderb.提示信息是一个句子：有时候我们的提示信息是一个句子，比如冒号或破折号之后的解释说明或者说话内容或者从句。1.（2016XX）There were mo

9、ments of 28_ of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race.28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise2.（2016XX）By the end of the first chapter, 16_ were ing from the back seat:“Please read a little 17_.”16. A.decisionsB.requestsC.mentsD.promises3. （2015XX）The next day, we g

10、ot a 27_ message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. 27. A. relaxing B. disappointing C. pleasantD. Regularc.牢记原则（2016课标全国）That season, I _ all of Millers records while he _ the home games from the bench. We went 10-1and I was named most valuable player, _ I often had crazy dreams in

11、 which I was to blame for Millers _.His words freed me from my bad _.A.memoriesB.ideasC.attitudesD.dreamsd.放一放原则（2015课标）He looks around at _. He stops when _- someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _, looking for more people with cold _.A. cars B.peopleC.street numbers D.traffic li

12、ghts（2014XX）_ was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. ._ we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson bee very _ about what had happened to the elderly couple.A. Her husband B. My son C.The crowd D. The seller e.整句读原则（2015XX）But our funds were _

13、, none of the houses in our prices range seemed satisfactory.A.neededB.limitedC.enoughD.large复现解题法这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现形式。这种题型主要考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。（2016XX）From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didnt _ a single practice. She had a_ intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-

14、old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this _ human being with a passion and mission.A. rich B.weakC.firmD.kindA.trustedB.determinedC.experiencedD.embarrassed（2015XX）Dad had a green b. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his _ and say, “good girl, help Da

15、ddy clean it, OK”. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me _ my b” I looked at him for a while, then _ the b and beaded to the sink.A. bag B.walletC.bD.brushA.sharpenB.repairC.cleanD.keep（2016XX）“No, its too long and it doesnt have any _,”plained Lainey.“Oh, thats where you are _; t

16、here are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to _ them. Its like magic.”A. Pictures B.storiesC.adventuresD.conversations固定搭配、习惯用法解题法习惯用法是英语中固定的结构,是不能随意改的.平时学习中应注意积累及掌握好习惯用法.同时,应多注意词语辨析及词语搭配,要培养在特定语境中灵活运用词语的能力. 对于这类型的考查，要求学生平时多积累并且牢记。（2013XX）From dawn to

17、dusk,he works countless hours to 31_ our family.A.supportB.settleC.startD.impress（2015课标2）It 17_ me that playing against the other team was a great _ moment for all the girls on the team.A.confusedB.struckC.remindedD.warned（2015XX）Two years later, Dad started his own 6_, which wasnt doing so well. A

18、.familyB.businessC.taskD.journey逻辑关系解题法逻辑关系是一篇文章行文的主要线索，同时也是我们解题的一个主要线索。准确把握句与句之间，段与段之间的逻辑关系对于选择正确答案起着至关重要的作用。这种逻辑关系主要包含并列、递进、因果和转折等。a. 时间关系:“before、 after、 later、as、when”等;（2015XX）He 5_ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.5. A.gave in B.broke down C.got away D.showed upb. 因果关系:“beca

19、use、 for、 since 、as so 、therefore、 thus”等;（2015XX）He added that Jason 17_ money because he would not tell a lie.17. A.borrowedB.lostC.madeD.savedc. 转折关系:“but 、however、 nevertheless、 on the contrary”等 1.（2015XX）It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26_ than the original asking price.26.

20、 A. worse B. betterC. less D. higher2.（2015XX）I passed the clean b back to Dad. He smiled at me and 16_ placed his b on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 17_. Dad had aged. 17. A.differentB.excitingC.interestingD.urgentd. 并列关系:“and 、and also、 or 、neithernor、eitheror、not onlybut also、as well、similarly、in the same way、that is to say”等（2015）But he said that they were all 5_ people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. 5. A.proudB.richC.luckyD.nicee. 让步关系:“although、though、even though、even if、no matter+疑问词”等f. 条件关系:“if、only if、if only”等. （2016XX）33_ skills and talent