最新小学六年级英语必须要掌握的语法知识点

1、精品文档小学六年级英语必须要掌握的语法知识点一、名词复数形式规则1 . 一般情况下，直接力口 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 o.s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母y"结尾，变 y为i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es,如：knife-knivesleaf leaves5不规

2、则名词复数：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomen child-children foot-feet tooth-teethfish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese练习、写出下列各词的复数I _him _this her watch _child _photo _diary day_ foot_ book_ dress tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry peach_ sandwich _dish_busman_ w

3、oman_二、一般现在时1 . 一般现在时的功能表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I get up at six o clock every day. 我天天六点起床。表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2 .一般现在时的构成肯定句：a. be动词：（有一顺口溜体现了它的用法：我用am，你用are , is 用于他，她，它 , 单数is ，复数are. 。）主语 + be（am /is/are）+ 其他 如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。b.行为动词（

4、实义动词）：主语+行为动词+其他除主语是第三人称单数外， 都用动词原形；当主语是第三人称时，则在行为动词词尾加 -s或-es。 如： We study English. 我们学习英语。She goes to work by bike. 她骑自行车去上班。 否定句：a.主语 + be（am /is/are） +not + 其他 如：I am not a boy.b. 主语 +don't/doesn't+ 行为动词原形+其他 如： We don t study English.She doesn't go to work by bike.一般疑问句：a. Be（Am /Is

5、 /Are）+主语+其他？简 略 回 答 : （ 肯 ） Yes, 主 语 + be（am /is/are）. （ 否 ） No, 主 语 + be（am /is/are）+not.如：Are you a boy?你是一个男孩吗？（肯）Yes,I am.（否）No, I m not.b. Do/Does+ 主语 + 其他 ？简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语 + do/does.（否）No,主语 + don't/doesn't.如：Do you study English?（肯）Yes,we do.（否）No, we don 't. - Does shego to work

6、by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？如：a. be动词：Who are you?b.行为动词： What do you do? How does she go to work?3.动词三单的变化规则（即“如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”）一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks get-gets（2 以 o.s.x.sh.ch 结尾,直接力口-es , 如： wash-washes, watch-watches,go-goes以“辅音字母 y"结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：stu

7、dy-studies一般现在时用法专练 :一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink go _ stay _ make _look have_pass_ carrycomewatch_ plant_ fly _study_ brushdoteachwash二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) t

8、he World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after h

9、er baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I ' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. 一 What day(be) it today? It

10、9; s Saturday三、现在进行时1 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内 的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2 .现在进行时的构成：be+动词的ing现在分词形式。肯定句：主语+be动词+动词ing+其他。如：We are studying.否定句:主语+be动词+not+动词ing+其他。如：We aren t studying.一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+动词ing+其他。如：Are you studying?肯定回答：Yes+主语+be动词。如：Yes,we are.否定回答：No+主语+be动词+not。如：No,we aren 't.（注：is

11、 not可以缩写成isn /tare not可以缩写成aren't但是am not在 现代英语中不可以缩写。）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？如： What are you doing?现在分词的变化规则1 . 一般情况下，直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking think-thinking2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e,再加ing如： make-making have-having3 .以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节） 结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing 如：stop-stopping sit-

12、sitting run-running4以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing die-dying lie-lying现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim makego like write studyread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：I.The boy（ draw）a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mothe

13、r ( cook )some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look . They ( have) an English lesson .6. They (not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls (dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It s 5 o clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes

14、? Yes ,she is .四、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句 中 一 般 有 以 下 时 间 状 语 ： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构：肯定句： a. 主语 +shall/will+do+ 其他。 ( will 可用于所有人称， shall 只用于第一人称I 和 we) 如： I will go swimming tomorrow.b. 主语 + be going to + do+ 其他。 (注意： be 动词要与主

15、语的人称和数一致)如： I am going to go swimming tomorrow.否定句： a. 主语 +shall/will+not+do (will not 可缩写成 won t)b. 主语 + be+ not+ going to +do 如： I won t go swimming tomorrow.I am not going to go swimming tomorrow.一般疑问句： a. Shall/Will+ 主语 + do+ 其他？ b. Be+ 主语 +going to+do+ 其 他 ？ 如 ： Will you go swimming tomorrow? A

16、re you going to go swimming tomorrow ？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句？如： What will you go tomorrow?What are you going to do tomorrow?练习填空。1 . 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2 .我们将要学习英语We learn English.We learn English.五、一般过去时1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如：

17、yesterday ， yesterday morning ， yesterday afternoon ，yesterday evening ， the day before yesterday ( 前 天 ) ， last night ， last week ， last month ， last year 等。 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2一般过去式的基本结构：Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为 was。(was not=wasn ' t)are 在一般过去时中变为 were。(were not=weren ' t)肯定句：主语+

18、动词过去式+其他。如：I was in Shanghai last month.上个月我在上海。 We went to Shanghai last month. 我们上个月去了上海。(2否定句：a主语+wasn' t/weren ' t+其他。如 : I wasn t in Shanghai last month.b. 主语 didn t 动词原形其他。(did + not = didn't)如： We didn t go to Shanghai last month.一般疑问句：a. Was/Were+主语+其他？如： Were you in Shanghai las

19、t month?b. Did 主语动词原形其他？如： Did you go to Shanghai last month?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Where were you last month?Where did you go last month?动词过去式变化规则：1一般情况下，在动词原形后面加 -ed; 如：looklooked play played start started visit visited2 .以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d;如：live lived use used3 .以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将y改为i，再加-ed；如：stud

20、y studied, try tried fly flied4以重读闭音节(即辅音元音辅音)或r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 -ed,如： stopstopped plan planned5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-w

21、rote, draw-drew, drink-drank,swim-swam, sit-sat练习一、写出下列动词的过去式is/amplantare drinkplaygomake doesdanceworryask tasteeatput kickpassdo 练习二、用be 动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last ye

22、ar.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.练习三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you (visit) your rela

23、tives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning? She (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人称代词和物主代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数人主格Iweyouyoushe h

24、e itthey称代宾格meusyouyouher him itthem词物形容词myouryouryourher his itstheir主 性代 名词mineoursyoursyourshers his itstheirs词人称代词指代人或物，在句中作主语或宾语，所以有主格和宾格。宾格代词用于替代处于宾语位置上的名词，可以用作直接宾语和间接宾语。如：I am a student. （I 主语） Please help me. （me 直接 宾语）Give me a book. （me 间接宾语）物主代词是表示所有关系的一种代词，亦称所有格代词。物主代词有两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物

25、主代词。形容词性物主代词为限定词，放在名词或名词短语前作定语。如： This is my book.名词性物主代词起名词的作用，后面不可以再接名词。在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语。如 : Your pen is red. Mine is black.你的钢笔是红色的,我的是黑色的。He didn t use his ink. He used mine.他没有用他自己的墨水，他用了我的。习题一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but isvery big. ( I )2. The dress is . Give i

26、t to . ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it s not . ( I )4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Thosestamps are . ( he )二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I a boy. you a boy? No, I not.2. The girlJack's sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Where

27、 your mother? She at home.7. How your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this?10. Whose socks they?七、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级(一)构成规则1 一般单音节词和少数以 -er， -ow 结尾的双音节词 ， 比较级在后面加 -er， 最高级在后面加 -est(1)单音节词 如：smallsmaller smallest shortshortershortest2 2) 双音节词 如：clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrowe

28、r - narrowest2以不发音e 结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r ，最高级在原级后加-st 如：largelarger largest nice nicernicest3 在重读闭音节 （即：辅音元音辅音） 中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如：big bigger biggest hot hotter - hottest fat fatterfattest4 .以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高 级力口-est 如：easyeasiereasiest heavy heavierheaviest busy - busie

29、r busiest happy happier happiest5 其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more ，最高级在前面加most 如 ： beautiful more beautiful most beautiful different - more different most different easily more easily most easily注意：（ 1 ）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the ，副词最高级前可不用。 如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（ 2 ） 形容词 most 前面没有the ，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.6 有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：good 一 better 一 best well 一 better 一 best bad 一 worse 一 worst ill 一 worseworst old older/elder oldest/eldest many/much more- most littlelessleast far further/far