外研高中必修 4 module5 知识辅导

1、.必修4第5模块知识辅导重点单词【词条1】narrow【课文原句】The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountains. Page 42【点拨】这句话的意思是“当急流穿过两英里高的山谷时，峡谷变窄了，只有350英尺。narrow通常用作形容词，意思是“狭窄的，但在这里narrow是动词，意思是“变窄。如：We should work hard to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor.【拓展】英语中类似的单词还有很多，如：b

2、etter 改进，进步；clam 使平静。如：The boss wanted to better the working conditions for his workers.The nurse is calming the child in hospital.【词条2】forbid 【课文原句】Swimming from the boat is forbidden. Page 45【点拨】这句话的意思是“从船上下来游泳是制止的。其中，forbidden是forbid的过去分词，它的过去式为forbade。forbid是“制止，不准的意思，与allow意思相反。如：Smoking is for

3、bidden in the concert hall. 【拓展】forbid的搭配为：1. forbid sb. to do sth.制止某人做某事。如：Most of the parents forbid their children to smoke.2. forbid doing 制止做某事。如：He forbade smoking in the office hours. 【词条3】detour 【课文原句】 At Wushan we made a detour up the Daning River to see some of the smaller gorges. Page 42

4、【点拨】这句话的意思是“船至巫山时，我们绕道溯游大宁河，欣赏了几处小峡谷。其中detour 是“绕路航行，绕道行走的意思，常和make搭配。如：They made a detour to avoid the center of the town.【拓展】1. detour也可作动词。detour to 表示“绕道去。如： The chief detoured to Paris to attend a meeting.2. 英语中，make常和名词搭配表示“做出；获得。如：make a noise弄出声音； make money赚钱；make contributions做出奉献；make pro

5、gress 获得进步。如：She has made great contributions to her motherland. He made money by selling flowers.重点短语【词条1】point at【课文原句】We took pictures and pointed at the site, but we werent allowed to get off the boat.Page 42【点拨】该句意为“大家拍照片，指着远处的工地，但不可以下船。在这句话中，point at 是“指向的意思。如：He pointed at a temple on the hil

6、l in the distance.【拓展】1. point at 还有“瞄准的意思。如：Their guns were pointed at targets, ready to fire. 2. 与point相关的短语还有：point out 指出。如：Please point out my mistake if I have.【词条2】go through 【课文原句】The next day we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River. Page 42【点拨】这句话的意思是“第二天，我们经过了长江的大峡谷。其中，go throu

7、gh在此句中是“穿过，通过的意思，through指从中间或内部穿过，而across一般指从外表越过。如：Can the table go through the door?They went across the desert and arrived at their destination. 【拓展】go through 常见的意思还有：1. 经历痛苦的事。如：The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died. 2. 仔细查看。如：All the rooms have been gone through by t

8、he police.【词条4】rip off 【课文原句】 Theres a saying in the travel trade that all tourists are ripped off. Page 49【点拨】这句话的意思是“在旅游业中有一句话，所有的游客被敲过竹杠。其中，rip off表示“敲竹杠，要价太高。如：They really ripped us off in the restaurant.【拓展】rip off sth.是“偷窃，盗窃的意思。如：Thieves broke in and ripped off a lot of jewelry. 【词条5】be heavy

9、 with 【课文原句】 every hill was heavy with the past. Page 42【点拨】这句话的意思是“座座小山承载着过往。其中，be heavy with的意思是“大量的。如：The air is heavy with the perfumes of the flowers. 【拓展】heavy 的相关词组还有：1. get heavy 变得严重。如：The situation got heavy day by day. 2. heavy going 难缠的，难以理解的。如：He found the textbook a little heavy going.

10、热点语法-情态动词情态动词是历年高考的重点，把握情态动词在详细语境中所表达意义的“度是解题的关键。情态动词有其独特的用法，概述如下：1. may1may用于肯定句，表示 “可能，允许。如：It may be a new house.Mr. Li may not be in his office.How old may she be?2might是may的过去式，但用于如今时中那么表示更不确定。如：She might stay at home now.Might I take this seat?2. must1must表示“必须，一定等。如：You must come next week.He

11、 must be in trouble.2在答复must引起的问题时，假如是否认的答复，不能用mustnt，而要用neednt或dont have to，因为mustnt是“一定不要，一定不能的意思。如：Must we do it now? No, you neednt.3must与have to must侧重于主观意念，have to那么用于表示客观条件或义务，译为“只好，不得不。 如： You must come to the classroom before eight. It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now. have

12、to可用于多种时态，而must一般用于如今时，其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。 如：I must work hard from now on. Mom had to earn her living when she was still a little girl. 3. can 1can表示“可以；可能。could是can的过去式，常用来表示语气的婉转。如：You can do what you want to do.Who can be the old man sitting over there?Could I help you?2can

13、与be able tocan 与 be able to 都可以表示才能，但两者在用法上有点差异：can表示主观具有的一种才能，不表示意愿，只用于如今式和过去式,它的将来时用will be able to； be able to重点是“可以，表示主观意愿，强调要抑制困难去做某事，be able to可以用于各种时态。如：They will be able to tell you the news soon. My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses. 4. shouldshould和ought to表示责任、建议或劝告，是“应该的意思，后者语气强一些。 如：You should listen to their advice if you want to get a good mark. Such things ought not to be al