最高考高考英语语法精讲精练专题十一特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓一致等常考点

1、专题十一 特殊句式（倒装、强调、主谓一致等）常考点因此，也加大了在语境中综合 省略句以及强调句与时间状语从近几年，高考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，考查语法知识的力度。 在考查强调句的同时， 把定语从句、句、地点状语从句等融合到一起，考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力。考点1 强调句构成和判断：“It is/was +被强调的部分（时间状语/地点状语/原因语/方式状语/名词/代词/从 句）+that（指人可用who） 十句子的其余部分“。如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。如：Was_it on th

2、e street that_you met Tom?What was it that made him upset?Do you know what it was_that made_him_upset?注强调句型用于宾语从句时应用陈述语序。+被强调部分+ that 十句子not until的强调句，其结构为"It is/was not until剩余部分”。如：It was not until I came back that he left.强调谓语用“ does/do/did +动词原形”。如：He did come back yesterday.In my opinion ,

3、 Mr.White good to his students in his class at present.A. does does B. does didC. does do D. did doWhat did she want to know, Tom? She wondered we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that It was on the farm they visited they got to know.A. wher

4、e ; that B. which ; whenC. that ; that D. which ; which一 that he managed to get the information? Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was it B. What was itC. How was it D. Why was it It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. untilC. before D. when

5、【答案】C D CC A飞”、2 it用法指代上文的同名同物。如：There is no more than one copy left. Will you buy it?作形式主语和形式宾语。如：It is impossible to get there in time.I owe it to him that I can succeed.We should bring it to his attention that he should work hard. like/dislike/hate/appreciate/prefer/want/stand/+ it +从句 depend on/

6、rely on + it +从句； see to + it +从句用于固定短语或句型中。如： get it/make it/catch it/forget it/it's worth it/I can't help it/as sb. put it/mean it。指代时间、天气、距离、温度或在打电话、有人敲门等情形时。基础再*卢 I dislike when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B. thatC. this D. them It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray

7、.A. while B. thatC. if D. for You must see to all the children are being taken good care of.A. that B. itC. it that D. whetheris our belief that improvements in health care will lead toastronger , more prosperous economy.A. As B. ThatC. This D. It【答案】ABCD考A333 倒装句表方式或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，主语是名词时要全部倒装，且不用进行

8、时倒装。若主语为人称代词则不倒装。如：In came the teacher. 老 进来了。In he came.他进来了。分词、形容词放在句首全部倒装。如：Hanging on the wall are two pictures.“Only +副词/介词短语/状语从句”放在句首时倒装（在强调句中不可倒装，notuntil 也是如此）。如：Only then did he realize he was wrong.Only when you work hard will you succeed.否定词和否定短语 （in no case , under no circumstances , on

9、 no account , in no way, on no condition , by no means , at no time）放在句首时倒装。如：He said that under no circumstances would_he give_upHardly/Scarcelywhen=No soonerthan用过去完成时，主句倒装。如：Hardly had the football game begun when it started raining.=No sooner had the football game begun than it started raining.n

10、ot only.but （also）.中 not only 后的句子需倒装。如：Not only is the young man clever but also he is hardworking.表示"A.B 也（不）.”，用 so, neither/nor 倒装。如：He speaks Chinese , and so do I.He doesn't speak Japanese , and nor/neither do I.so/such. that.（如此以至于）放在句首时倒装。如：Such a good teacher is_he that we all like

11、 him.So good is_the teacher that we all like him.as表示“虽然” 时，用“名词（不带冠词）/形容词/副词/动词原形+ as. ”。如：Child as he is , he knows a lot.表虚拟语气中的 had, were, should提到主语前。如：Were it to rain tomorrow , I would not go there.=Should it rain tomorrow , I would not go there.Had I attended the meeting yesterday , I would

12、have seen him.基础再参产 Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I realize, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Strange as

13、it might sound I have been living in the United States for twenty years , but seldom so lonely as now.A. have I felt B. I had feltC. I have felt D. had I felt So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attack B. the attack didC. was the attack D. the attack was Not until on TV that th

14、e Chinese ship was rescued by theEuropean Union Task Force.A. I turned ; did I knowB. did I turn; did I knowC. did I turn; I knewD. I turned ; I had known【答案】DD AC A者" A"T气，4主谓一致and连接同一个人、同一事物、同一概念时，谓语用单数。如：The writer and worker is in the room.动名词、不定式和从句作主语，谓语用单数。如：Educating girls is very

15、important.度量衡、国家、报刊、组织、书等后的谓语用单数。如：5, 000 dollars is a large sum of money. all of./most of./some of/half of./part of./the rest of./百分数/分数词/后的谓语用单数或复数取决于所修饰的名词。如：All of the books have been sold out.All of the money has been lent. team/band/class/family/public/population/government/committee等集体名词作主语时，

16、需根据其所表示的意思来确定谓语的单复数形式。如：The family is made up of five members.The family are watching TV.“the rich/poor/old/young/wounded/dead/living/.(表示“一类人")十 复数谓语”"the n ew/old/beautiful/unexplained/.(表示“抽象概念")+单数谓语”。如：The old are easily taken in.以 many a+n. , more than one + n. , each/every/no +

17、 n.( + each/every/no + n.)作 主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Many a student has seen the film.Each girl and each boy has a book.“A number of.+复数谓语”"The number of.十 单数谓语”。如：A number of students are fond of the book.The number of students in our class is 50.a Quantities of+单数名词/复数名词+复数谓语”"A quantity of +单数名词+单

18、数谓语” “A quantity of+复数名词+复数谓语”。如：Large quantities of water are badly polluted.A large quantity of water is badly polluted.10就近原贝U (either.or., not only.but also , not.but , neither.nor. ,there be);就远原贝U (with , along with , together with , as well as, such as/like , rather than , besides , including

19、 , but , except)。如：Not I but Tom and Jack are right.Nobody but Tom and Jack is right.基础再练|十用所给词的适当形式填空： Many a student(have) already made such an interesting experiment. The teacher and writer(be) delivering a speech now. Mary along with her parents(be) going to attend the meeting. Not only the stud

20、ents but also their teacher(be) interested in the book. Ten years(be) a moment in history. Only 60 per cent of the work(be) done yesterday.CD Quantities of good earth(be) being washed away each year. More than one student(have) failed the exam.【答案】has is is is is was arehas0 考，,一»1 5 反意疑问句must,

21、 may, might , can, could表示推测时，可先将句子改为I amsure that句型,反意疑问句部分的动词形式根据be sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。如：He must be a doctor , isn't he?=I am sure that he is a doctor , isn't he?He must have seen the film last week , didn't he?=I am sure that he saw the film last week, didn't he?You must have hea

22、rd about it.=I am sure that you have heard about it, haven't you?当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。但陈述部分主句的谓语动词是 think , believe , suppose, expect , imagine , guess , be sure 等, 且主语为第一人称时，要对宾语从句的主语反问。如：Tom doesn't believe Jane will succeed , does he?I don't believe Jane will succeed, wil

23、l she?在并列句中，要对第二个分句反问。如：He is a doctor but his wife is a teacher, isn't she?祈使句后的附加问句不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为:否定祈使句，+ will you?肯定祈使句，+ will/won't you?Let's. , + shall we?Let us/me/him/. , + will you?陈述分含有 seldom , hardly , scarcely , never, few, little , nothing , nobody 等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯

24、定形式。如：He could hardly believe his own eyes , could he?陈述部分含有 used to的反意疑问部分用 usedn't或didn't 均可。若含有ought to 时，则用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 。如：There used to be a bridge here , usedn't/didn't there?当主语是 everything , anything , something 等时，用it 反问。当主语是 everyone , anyone, somebody等时，用

25、they 或 he 反问。如：Everything is all right , isn't it?Everybody is here , aren't they/isn't he?回答反意疑问句时应遵循的原则：看所提到的事物是否已发生或未发生。如果发生了,用肯定回答，否则用否定回答。如：-You haven't been here long , have you ?（你在这儿不久，是吗？ ） No, I haven't. I am new here.（ 是的，我是新来的。）there be结构用there反问。如：There are two peopl

26、e waiting outside, aren't there?10That's，This is.用 it 反问。如：That is a book, isn't it?基础锵完成下列句子： Don't forget to turn off the light, ? He knows little about English , ?Mary, feed the chickens , ? He couldn't have been told about it, ? Bob told you that there was nobody in the room

27、Everything is all right , ?Everybody is here , ? I don't believe he is wrong , ?一You won't go to his party , will you?, if he invites me.on't you has he didn't he【答案】 will you does hewill you/w isn't it ; aren't they/isn't he is heYes6 否定句不带否定词的否定。如：far from（ 决不； 一点也不 ）=a

28、nything but = not nearly = not at all = nowhere near free from.（ 无的）He is the last person I want to see（他是我最不想见的人 ）.带否定词的肯定。如：I can hardly wait to see him. = I can't wait to see him.I've never heard a better voice.= His voice is the best one that I have everheard.He's no richer than me.

29、= He is as poor as me.There's nothing but a table in the room.= There is only a table in the room.部分否定和全部否定部分否定用 not both/all/every/.=both/all/every/.not.;全部否定用“neither/none/no +名词”。如：All the students don't like the film.=Not all the students like the film.Neither of them has a car.否定省略。如：I

30、hope/guess/am afraid so.的否定省略为：I hope/guess/am afraid not.I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.的否定省略为：I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect not.=I don't think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.Ji基础再阑+一Would you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, . What time are we going to meet?A. I wou

31、ld B. I would likeC. I like to D. I'd like toIt can't be Mike who has done such a foolish thing. He is but a fool.A. nothing B. somethingC. everything D. anything一Aren't you cold?. I'm boiling.A. Take it easyB. Far from itC. Not a littleD. That's all rightWhile I agree with most

32、of what you said, I don't agree withA. something B. anythingC. everything D. nothing【答案】DD BC华考忐A万7 省略上下文对话中。如：What made him so upset? Losing his bike.并列句中。如：One side of the board should be painted white and the other red.同时省略句子的几个成分，保留副词。如： Do you like the film?Yes, very much. = Really./No , no

33、t very much. = Not really.类似的有： perfectly , absolutely , exactly , very , not exactly , not likely( impossible).不定式的省略(保留to , to be , to have , to have been)。如：Are you a doctor? No, but I used to be. Do you smoke? No, but I used to. He hasn't finished yet.Well , he ought to have.if necessary如果有必

34、要if possible如果有可能if so假如这样的话if not 如果不if ever 如果曾经有过(表示时间)if any 如果有一些的话(表示数量)if anything若要说的话Correct your mistakes , if any.He is seldom , if ever , late for class.祈使句结构。如：One more week and I'll finish the job.Work hard and you will succeed.“连词+分词”的省略(前提条件为状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略 状语从句中的主语和系动词be)。

35、如：When finished , the project will be a great success.When waiting for a bus , I met him.基础再啰/用适当的词填空：一When did the accident happen? It was in 1980 he was in middle school.一What should I do with the passage?(find) out the main idea.一It's wise of you to come around but why?(see) that it is right.

36、一Whom do you want to see?The man(call) himself Mr. Smith.【答案】when FindTo see calling区别 it , one, that , those :it 与上文名词是同名同物；one=a(n) +上文的可数名词；that =the+上文的单数名词，后面常有一个后置定语；those = the ones = the +上文的复数名词，后面常有一个后置 定语。替代动词：用does, do, did替代上文同一动词。如：He spends more time watching TV than he does reading.替

37、代句子：用so替代上文的句子。如：He smokes a lot. Does his brother do so?基础正色/用适当的词填空： The population of China is larger than of Japan. The radios in this factory are cheaper than in that one. I have no mobile phone and I want to buy I want to buy a gift for my mother, at a proper price but of goodquality. She play

38、s the piano better than Mary the guitar.【答案】that those one one does9 插入语副词修饰整个句子：luckily = fortunately = happily , sadly , strangely , obviously , briefly. 如：Fortunately , people have come to realize the importance of protecting the environment.介词短语 in conclusion = in a word = in short = in brief ,

39、in one's view = in one's opinion = in one's sight , in other words , to one's surprise. , (or) rather.动词不定式： to begin with , to conclude , to be exact , to tell the truth = to be honest , not to mention. = let alone. , to make things/matters even worse = what's worse.分词： generall

40、y speaking , strictly speaking.句子：that is = that is to say = namely , he says/he said , it is said , what's more, you know/you see , I'm afraid , I mean.Ml基础再练|十The students are not allowed , unless they have special passes , after 10: 30 p . m.A. to stay out B. staying outC. stay out D. sta

41、yed out一I wonder why he seldom donates anything to help others. Oh, he can't even support himself though he is working hard , helping others.A. apart from B. in addition toC. not to mention D. in place ofOur manager is far from satisfied with you., you failed in the jobinterview.A. In total B. I

42、 seeC. I mean D. In particular【答案】AC C10 感叹句感叹句基本构成：What + a(n) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语！How形容词+ a(n) +单数可数名词+主语+谓语!How形容词/副词+主语+谓语！基础再窿用 whathow填空： an interesting book it is! interesting a book it is! interesting books they are! great progress he has made! I wish I could go to space!【答案】 What How What What Ho

43、w毁典导引1. （2014 福建卷 ）The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, reaching 30° C in summer.A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so2. （2014 湖南卷 ）It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy.A. that B. whichC. what D. who3. （2014 江苏卷）The

44、 idea "happiness" , , will not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigid B. to be sureC. to be perfect D. to be fair4. （2014 重庆卷 ）I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museumduring your stay , you? A. mustn't B. haven'tC. didn't D. ha

45、dn't5. （2014 d匕京卷） carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A. Observe B. To observeC. Observed D. Observing6. （2013 江苏卷）Generally , students' inner motivation with high expectations from others essential to their development.A. is B. areC. was D. were7. （2013 江苏卷）&qu

46、ot;Never for a second , " the boy says ,“ that my father would come to my rescue. ”A. I doubted B. do I doubtC. I have doubted D. did I doubt8. （2013 湖南卷）The university estimates that living expenses for international students around $8, 450 a year , which a burden for some of them.A. are; is B

47、. are; areC. is; are D. is; is9. （2013 全国卷）It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Grossrealized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A. when B. thatC. which D. what10. （2012 重庆卷 ）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng He had sailed to East Afr

48、ica.A. when B. thatC. after D. since【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A9. B 10. B巩固提开土1. No sooner at the desk than the telephone rang.A. had he sat downB. he sat downC. he had sat downD. did he sit down2. Nobody but Jack and Jane great progress in the class recently.A. have made B. has made

49、C. had made D. made3. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoorexercise a week good for one's health.A. show ; are B. shows ; isC. show ; is D. shows ; are4. The women carrying babies , come in first , ?A. will you B. will theyC. do you D. don't you5. So difficult it to

50、 work out the problem that I decided to ask Tomfor advice.A. I did findB. did I findC. I have foundD.have I found6. The place isn't too bad , is it?No, it is a bit too crowded.A. but B. forC. and D. as7. you get into university in the future , you would have to go and take the chance.A. Will B.

51、ShouldC. Would D. Could8. Was it not until out of natural resources that they began to pushfor other ones?A. people had runB. had people runC. did people runD. people had been9. Whenyou've finished with that book ， don't forget to put it back on the shelf？A. do you B. don't youC. will yo

52、u D. won't you10. The students have been told that under no condition the mobile phonein class.A. may they useB. they may useC. they could useD. would they use11. Was it from the lakehe often went fishinghe saved thedrowning girl?A. that ； thatB. where ； whereC. where ； thatD. that ； where12. Jo

53、hnson knows much about the movie. I think he must have seen it ， ？A. doesn't he B. hasn't heC. don't I D. didn't he13. So hard in the past few months that he has made great progressin English. I can see thatA. has he workedB. he has worked C. he has worked D. has he workedonly a few

54、mistakesdid he makehe madehas he madehe madein this exam.14. You must have met him the other day ， I'm quite sure. Oh， no， I A. didn't B. haven'tC. hadn't D. mustn't15. Mother hasn't come back yet. Well ， she ought A. to B. to beC. to do D. to have16. I hear that Bai San can&

55、#39;t afford his schooling this fall. ， let's do something for him.A. If soB. When possibleC. When necessaryD. What a shame17. Do you have any idea what Paul does all day? As I know ， he spends at least as much time playing as heA. writes B. does writingC. is writing D. does write18. Be careful with such things. If you ， you'll drop them.A. don't B. aren'tC. do D. won't19. It's ages since I last sa