第6讲：语法满分冲刺5：非谓语动词易错点总结（1）

1、.SQKC-25 高三一轮复习第6讲非谓语动词 易错点总结一一、高考真题【江西卷】33Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _to the new students.AspeakingBhaving spokenCto speakDto have spoken33答案：C考点： 非谓语动词。解析：不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，应选C。【江西卷】35John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _him it.Aoffer

2、edBofferingCto offerDto be offered35答案：B考点：非谓语动词解析：offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，应选B。【重庆卷】31. Before you quit your job, _how your family would feel about your decision.A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered31.【考点】祈使句用法【答案】A【解析】结合选项来分析句子构造，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，A选项

3、符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。【难度】一般【重庆卷】28. Were having a meet ing in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will in the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made28.【考点】非谓语动词【答案】 A 【解析】分析句子构造可知，空白处为后置定语，与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系，而且是将要发生的动作。由此可知，表示被动和将来的A选项符合题意。B表示被动进展，C表示被动完成，D表示

4、被动完成，但是不作定语。因此，正确答案为A选项。【难度】困难技巧点拨：考察非谓语动词。分析题干的句子构造可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，publish与book之间存在被动关系，next month是表示将来的时间状语，因此，空格处表示被动将来，故正确答案为B选项。A表示被动完成；C表示主动将来；D表示被动进展，均不合语境。【重庆卷】23._to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked23.【考点】非

5、谓语动词用法【答案】A【解析】逗号前为原因状语，空白处与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C选项，D选项常作目的和结果状语，不作原因状语，也可排除，而A选项为如今分词完成式的被动形式，可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、伴随状语等。因此，正确答案为A选项。【难度】一般【辽宁卷】29. This machine is very easy_. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate29、【考点】非谓语动词 【答

6、案】D【解析】在句型“主语+be+adj+to do中，假如这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，所以选D。【难度】较难【四川卷】8. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound8.【答案与解析】 C 此题考察非谓语动词。此题考察如今分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进展，应选C。【四川卷】12. Before driving into the

7、city, you are required to get your car _.A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash高666考%12.【答案与解析】 A 此题考察非谓语动词。考察过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。【四川卷】16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely wont make _ difference to me.A. that a big B. a th

8、at big C. big a that D. that big a 16.【答案与解析】 D 此题考察副词用法。副词that表示“那么修饰形容词的固定短语为：that + adj. + a/ an + n.，相当于so及how的用法，即thatso/ how big a difference 那么如此/多么大的一个分别影响。应选D。【陕西卷】15._ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .A. Standing B. To stand C. StoodD. StandA9陕西卷【答案与解析】A

9、考察非谓语动词。非谓语动词短语后有逗号，说明非谓语动词做题干的状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语we，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且其动作与谓语动词wait的动作同时进展，用动词v-ing的一般式，选A。【陕西卷】22.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meetA9陕西卷【答案与解析】D 考察非谓语动词。所填词与前文构成固定句型have no choice but to do sth，应选D。23. On

10、e learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting23. D。并列构造，making与correcting并列。【北京卷】27. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use27. C。非谓语动词考点。tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。【全国II】15. The old man sat in front of the telev

11、ision every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched【答案】A【解析】此处happy to watch anything that happened to be on作sat的目的状语。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，快乐地看要上演的任何节目。【考点定位】考察非谓语动词的用法。【全国II】10. Tony lent me the money, _that Id do as much for him.A. hoping

12、 B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped【答案】A【解析】此处如今分词短语hoping that Id do as much for him作伴随状语。句意：Tony借给我了钱，希望我加倍还他。【考点定位】考察非谓语动词的用法。【北京卷】32. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay32. A。非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。【全国新课程】32. Film has a much shorter history

13、, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing toC. compare to D. compared to【答案】D【解析】此处是被省略的时间状语从句，其相当于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and painting. 这里film和compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。又因为主语一致，所以film被省略。句意：电影的历史短的多，尤其是当它和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比时。【考点定位】

14、考察非谓语动词的用法。【全国新课程】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit【答案】A【解析】此处主句的主语party 和weather不一致，所以weather保存，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格构造。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用如今分词。句意：假如天气允许，聚会将在花园举行。【考点定位】考察如今分词的独立主格构造。【山东卷】35. After completing and signing i

15、t, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide35.【答案】B【解析】此处动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。句意为：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。【考点定位】考察非谓语动词的用法。【山东卷】26. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A.

16、 to be told B. telling C. being toldD. told 26.【答案】A【解析】此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；如今分词作结果状语那么表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经分开了。【考点定位】考察不定式短语作结果状语。【福建卷】22.一 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?$4,000, or like that.A. anything B. everything C. somethi

17、ng D. nothing【考点】此题考察不定代词用法【答案】C 【解析】something like that 意为“大致如此，差不多这样，something在本句中是表示不确定的描绘或数量，“大致，左右的意思。比方：She called at something after ten oclock.她10点多钟来过 。It tastes something like melon. 这吃起来有点像甜瓜。They pay six pounds an hour. Something like that. 他们按每小时六英镑付费。大致如此。【难度】中等【福建卷】28. China recently

18、tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked【考点】此题考察固定词组搭配【答案】C【解析】prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制

19、来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。【难度】一般 【福建卷】34. Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizingB. realized C. to realize D. being realized【考点】此题考察非谓语动词的用法。【答案】A【解析】首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，“被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他

20、已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停顿玩电脑游戏。此题考察非谓语动词的难度挺大，主要是很多学生看到pressed后就不知道realize在句中做什么成分，所以此题关键有两个，一个是and并列的成分是什么，然后就是realize与主语the boy的关系。【难度】难度大【浙江卷】11."It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customs.A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reservingD. reserved11.【考点】非谓语

21、过去分词【答案】D【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。【难度】中等【浙江卷】8.I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or_his job.A. quitsB. to quitC. quittingD. quit8.【考点】并列构造【答案】D【解析】 eitheror+并列构造，前后形式上保持一致，由此与study相照应，故答案选D，用动词原形。【难

22、度】中等【浙江卷】3.No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's bettersilent.A. remainB. be remainingC. having remained D. to remain3. 【考点】非谓语不定式【答案】D【解析】it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that.。 【难度】中等【江苏卷】31.an i

23、mportant decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.A. BasedB. BasingC. BaseD. To base31. 【考点】非谓语动词动词如今分词做状语【答案】B【解析】动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用如今分词作状语，应选B项。【举一反三】1如今分词的主动语态：如今分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。如：They went to the park, singing an

24、d talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。Having done his homework, he played basketball.做完作业，他开场打篮球。2如今分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。The problem being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。【试题延伸】2019辽宁. _a

25、round the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering点拨. C。题意：游客们围在火堆旁，与当地人一起跳舞。此题考察非谓语动词。句子主语the tourists是动词gather的执行者，二者是主动关系，故用如今分词作状语。【难度】较难【安徽卷】30. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and

26、rewarding. A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be askedB是正确答案，此题考察非谓语动词，逻辑主语是Philip, 复原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 【安徽卷】24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the light

27、s. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked Remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，假如选择A，这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能选择答案A. C 和D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时间更早，没有必要。二、模拟题1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting2.

28、 When youre learning to drive, _ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having3. I felt it a great honour _ to speak to you.A. to ask B. asking C. to be asked D. having asked4. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a repor

29、t. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone5. Before you decide to leave your job, _ the effect it will have on your family. A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered6. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to study C. to be s

30、tudying D. to have been studying7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it8. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.A. seen carry B. seen carrying C. saw

31、 to carry D. saw carrying9. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children.A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up10. The discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be

32、caught11. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in12. To test eggs, _ them in a bowl of water: if they float theyre bad, if they sink theyre good. A. put B. putting C. to put D. to be putting13. “Where is David? “He is upstairs

33、_ ready to go out.A. to get B. getting C. to be getting D. having got14. “Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? “_ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. to be getting15. He was reading his book, completely _ to the world. A. lost B. losing C

34、. to lose D. to have lost16. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _.A. to find B. to have found C. to be found D. being found17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do18. A cook will be immediate

35、ly fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked19. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help20. “How do you deal with the disagreement betw

36、een the company and the customers? “The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A. to solving, making B. to solving, made C. to solve, making D. to solve, made21. “What do you think made Mary so upset? “_ her new bike.A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing22. The re

37、search is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun23. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in24. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A. having not been invited

38、B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited25. Though I have often heard this song _. I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung, sang B. sang, singing C. sung, sing D. to be sung, to sing26. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _ to.A. spoken B. speaking C. sp

39、eak D. be spoken27. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to28. _ on time, this medicine will be quite effective. A. Taking B. Being taken C. Taken D. Having taken29. The film star walked to his car, _ a

40、 crowd of journalists. A. followed by B. following by C. to follow D. to be followed by30. After describing the planned improvements, she went on _ how much they would cost. A. to explain B. explaining C. to be explaining D. having explained参考答案：1. 选D。catch sb doing sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事或“逮住某人做某事。2. 选B。这是

41、一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主语。3. 选C。句中的 it 为形式主语，不定式 to be asked to speak to you 为真正主语，因“我与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。4. 选 B。like 和 love后接不定式或动名词均可，但 would love / like 后只能接不定式，据此可排除选项 C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即选 B。5. 选A，before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使句，故动词用原形。其中 it will have 为修饰名词 th

42、e effect 的宾语从句。6. 选 A。根据句中的 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学这个动作已完毕并发生在谓语动作is said之前，故用完成式，即选 A。7. 选 C。do with 与 what 连用可以表示“处置、“放置、“利用等。如：What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢?What have you done with my umbrella? 你把我的雨伞放到哪里去了?I dont know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。8. 选B。anyone seen car

43、rying bags为 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags 用作定语修饰代词 anyone。另外，句中的 who was seen carrying bags 为 see sb doing sth 这一构造的被动式。9. 选 B。devoteto 的意思是“把奉献给或“致力于，其中 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，假设后接动词要用动名词。句中的 he had 为定语从句，用以修饰 all，注意不将 had to 视为同一个语义构造。10. 选 C。lead to 意为“导致，其中的 to 是介词，不是不

44、定式符号，假设后接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语 the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选 C。11. 选 D。look forward to 意为“期盼，其中 to 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。注意不能选 B，因为 pay a visit 不能带 the flower-lined garden 作宾语，假假设在 paying a visit 后加上介词 to，那么可选 B。12. 选A。句首的 to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故要用动词原形。13. 选B。如今分词短语表伴随。14. 选C。to get enough protein and nutriti

45、on 表目的。15. 选A。be lost to sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响、“将某事物置之度外。16. 选C。因keys 与 find 是被动关系。17. 选 A。不定式的否认式总是将否认词 not 置于不定式符号 to 之前，而不能置于其后，同时结合 tell sb not to do sth 这一构造可排除选项 C、D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的一样的动词时，为防止重复，通常省略该不定式而只保存不定式符号 to。18. 选 B。find 后可接如今分词表示动作在进展或过去分词表被动关系作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与 smoke 是主动关系，应选 B。1

46、9. 选 D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语显然是 she，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等，应选 D。20. 选 B。the key to 意为“的关键，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，假设后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词 demand 与 make 是被动关系make demands 提出要求，同时根据句中的 by the customers，可确定答案选 B。 21. 选 C。答句是针对疑问词 what 的答复，而问句中的疑问词 what 在句中用作主语，所以答句也应

47、是一个能用作主语的东西，比较四个选项，只有C适宜。其完好答复形式为 Losing her new bike made Mary so upset. 比较，下面一题要填不定式，因为四个选项中只有 To choose a new chairman 能答复疑问词 why：“Why was a special meeting called? “_ a new chairman.A. Choose                 

48、60;          B. ChoosingC. To choose                        D. Chosen22. 选 D。由于 the research 与 begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词 begun。Once begun 可视为 once

49、it is begun 之省略。23. 选 C。由于 his parents 与 lack money缺钱是主动关系，故用如今分词，又因为lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，应选 C。24. 选 D。非谓语动词的否认式要将否认词 not 放在整个非谓语动词之前，据此可排除 A、C。另外，由于 Tony 与 invite 是被动关系，应选 D。25. C。第一空填 sung，因为 song 与 sing 是被动关系；第二空填 sing，因为 you 与 sing 是主动关系。 26. 选 A。until spoken to 可视为 until he is spoken to 之

50、略。27. 选C，不定式短语to send it to 用作状语，修饰其前的名词 the person。注意句尾的介词 to 不能省略，因为被修饰的名词 the person 为介词 to 的逻辑宾语。28. 选 C。this medicine 与动词take 为被动关系，故用过去分词。29. 选A。从句意上看，人群跟在明星后面，反过来，明星便是被人群跟着。30. 选A。go on doing sth = 继续做同一事情，go on to do sth = 做完某事后续继做某事。三、完型填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最正确选项。My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 1 . As for me, I 2 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 3 . It was a perfect weeke