定语从句超详细讲解

1、定语从句一学习目标1,熟练掌握定语从句二考点解析。定从的功能一解释说明这就是能制造这种这就是我们Thisisthefactorythat/whichcanproducesuchmachines机器的工厂Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastweek上周参观的工厂。定语从句定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。Iboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorse.。定语从句怎么考?语法（2016高考北京卷）22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoften

2、makealotofnoise.A.whoseB.why完形Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52theC.whereD.whichtofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledontrail.（2016高考北京卷）治愈）valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingto阅读&写作Anursewhounderstandsthehealing（assist（2016高考全国卷Dinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.篇）Lastyear,Isp

3、entallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.（2016高考北京卷阅读A篇）。定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。第1页共7页Iboughtacow.Thecowlookedlikeahorse.定语从句：IboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorseIboughtacow.Thecow'sfriendwasahorse.定语从句：Iboughta

4、cowwhosefriendwasahorse。连接定语从句的步骤：一找：找两句中相同成份，判断相同部分是人或物二删：删除从句中相同部分。三替：平系词替从句中删除的部分。四放：X关系词放在从句前，将整个从句放到被修饰词后面。关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系词关系副词When,where,why关系代词和关系副词的用法：1. that指人或物（指先行词），在定语从句中做主语，宾语或表语Which指物（指先行词），在定语从句中做主语或宾语警察找到了撞我车的那辆车我儿子不是五年前的他了Thepolicefoundthecarthat/whichranintomin

5、eMysonisnolongertheboythathewas5yearsago.Who指人（指先行词），在定语从句中做主语4.Whom指人（指先行词），在定语从句中做宾语now我想见见刚才给我Iwanttoseethescientistwho/thatgaveusatalkjust们作报告的科学家Thegirlwhom/thatthefirefighterssavedwassenttothehospital消防员救得那个女孩被送去了医院5.Whose指人或物（指先行词），在定语从句中做定语，即whose+nIwantthebookwhosecoverisred我想要那本封面是红色的书注意：w

6、hose=theofwhich,theofwhomIwantthebookthecoverofwhichisred第2页共7页Where指地方（指先行词），在定语从句中做地点状语，有时可以根据意思把where换成inwhich,atwhich等Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworked20yearsagoThisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworked20yearsago这是我父亲20年前工作过的工厂Ithinkyouhavegottoapointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail我猜你已经到了一个需要改变

7、的地步，要不你会失败Youmustnotlookintothecase,whereyourbrotherisinvolved你别参与这个案子的调查了，因为你弟弟卷进去了When指时间（指先行词），在定语从句中做时间状语，有时可以根据意思把when换成inwhich,onwhich,duringwhich等Irememberthedayswheniworkedinthecountry我记得在乡下度过的日子JulyisthemonthwhenitisthehottestJulyisthemonthinwhichitisthehottest七月是最热的月份Why指原因，先行词是reason,在定语从

8、句中做原因状语，有时可以根据意思把why换成forwhichWedonotknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhehasgonetoshanghai我们不知道他去上海的原因判断关系代词关系副词1.从句中的谓语动词。事实上，及物动词后无宾语，就必须用关系代词；不及物动词则要用关系副词。Thisisthemountainvillagewhereistayedlastyear这是我去年待过的村子Iwillneverforgetthedayswheniworkedtogetherwithyou我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子Thisisahousethat/whichheusedtolive

9、in。这就是他曾经住的房子=Thisisahousewhereheusedtolive=Thisisahouseinwhichheusedtolive2,判断相同的部分（先行词）在定语从句中的成分（主语，宾语，定语，状语）先行词在从句中做主语，宾语选关系代词；作定语只能选whose;作状语选关系副第3页共7页词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）wheno先行词是point,situation,case,condition,根据单词意思一般选where0。挑战1 挑战1下.DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

10、2 A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich.ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.3 A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when.Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.4 A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactoryweareworking.0A.whereB.thatC.whichD.thereheshouldbeable挑战2下5Asthesmalles

11、tchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingfor.thetimetobeindependent.（陕西卷）A.whichB.where6.CreatinganatmosphereC.whomD.whenemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.（浙江卷）A.asB.whoseC.inwhichD.atwhich7 Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.0（四川卷）A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatWhichorthat?8 .Hewrotemanyc

12、hildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwerepublishedinthe1990s.（庆卷）A.whomB.whichC.themD.That9 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what第4页共7页0that和which相比，只能填which的情况介词非限制性定语从句3.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwantto

13、learnaboutChina.（福建卷）A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichtisatrulydelightfulplace,looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowith0itswindingstreetsandprettycottages.（7胡南卷）A.asB.whereC.thatD.which10 that和which相比，只能填that的情况序数词最高级不定代表唯一人和物避重复.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.11 A.whichB.thatC

14、.whomD.what.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系词关系副词When,where,why第5页共7页。定语从句的省略1,当先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词可省略；2,当先行词在从句中作主语，且为主动态，关系词可省略，且将谓语变成ing形式；3,当先行词在从句中作主语，且为被动态，关系词和be动词可同时省略。1,当先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词可省略；Whenitcomestogivingourkidstheeducationtheydeserve,Bara

15、ckknowsthatlikemeandlikesomanyofyou,henevercould'veattendedcollegewithoutfinancialaid.2,当先行词在从句中作主语，且为主动态，关系词可省略，且将谓语变成ing形式；That'sthemanIseeinthosequietmomentslateatnight,hunchedoverhisdesk,poringovertheletterspeoplehavesenthim.Theletterfromthefatherstrugglingtopayhisbillsfromthewomandyingo

16、fcancerwhoseinsurancecompanywon'tcoverhercarefromtheyoungpersonwithsomuchpromisebutsofewopportunities.3,当先行词在从句中作主语，且为被动态，关系词和be动词可同时省略。Throughblooddrawnbylash（枷锁）andblooddrawnbysword,welearnedthatnounionfoundedontheprinciplesoflibertyandequalitycouldsurvivehalf-slaveandhalf-free.1 三练习题如果有选项，就用该

17、题的选项，如果没有选项，则用下列九个选项A.whomB.whoC./D.ThatE.whichF.whereG.WhenH.whyI.whose.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.2 .DoyouknowthemanIspoketo?3 .Thisisthehoteltheystayedatlastmonth.4 .ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.5 .Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.6 .Thisisoneofthebestfi

18、lmshavebeenshownthisyear.第6页共7页7 .Canyoulendmethebookyoutalkedabouttheotherday?8 .Thepenheiswritingwithismine.9 .Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboy.10 .Theengineermyfatherworkswithisabout50yearsold.11 .Itthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry?12 .I'minterestedinallyouhavesaid.13 .LiMing,_Iwentwithtotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.14 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.15 .Theletterisfrommysister,isworkingi