基础知识英文问题

1、Part Two Questions and answers on general tourism knowledge导游基础知识题库 共120题« What are the twelve ani mals of the Chin ese zodiac or Shen gxiao?Mouse, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Drag on, Sn ake, Horse, Sheep(goat), Mon ey, Rooster, Dog and Pig.* What flower is the symbol of Buddhism and what does it repre

2、se nt?* Lotus.* It represe nts purity.* What are the ten major sce nic sights in Chi na?They are the Great Wall, the Scenery of Guilin, the West Lake in Hangzhou, the Palace Museum in Beiji ng, the Garde ns in Suzhou, Mt.Hua ngsha n in An hui, the Three Gorges on the Yan gtze River, the Sun Moon Lak

3、e in Taiwa n, the Imperial Summer Villa in Chengde and the Terracotta Warriors in Xi' an.* What are the Three Frie nds of Win ter or Sui Han San You in Chin ese traditi onal culture? Why are they so called and What do they represe nt?* They are bamboo, pi ne tree and plum tree.* These pla nts gr

4、ow in the harsh weather while others wither and fall.* They represent uprightness and perseveranee which are greatly valued in traditi onal culture.* What are the four most popular plants for literary painters and why are they popular?* Plums, orchids, bamboo, chrysa nthemum* They are elega nt and h

5、ave no vulgar taste* They are symbolic of certa in moral qualities* Pride, persevering spirit, uprightness, purity* What are the three categories of tea accord ing to the tea process ing methodsPlease give an example for each type.* Tea in China falls into three categories, namely non-fermented tea,

6、 semi-ferme nted tea and ferme nted tea.* Longjin Green Tea is an example of non-fermented tea, Wulong Tea semi-ferme nted tea and Black Tea ferme nted tea.* Please n ame the six no ted ancient water tow ns south of Yan gtze River.Wuzhe n, Xita ng, Luzhi, Zhouzhua ng, Ton gli and Nanxun.* Please giv

7、e examples of two types of Chin ese alcoholic drinks and expla in what they are madefrom.* Shaox ing Rice Wine or Yellow Wine.* It is made from rice.* Guizhou Moutai.* It is made from wheat.* Who is worshiped as the great teacher by the Taoist followers? Which book is con sidered his masterpiece?Lao

8、 Zi.* The book is Tao De Chi ng or the Tao of Wisdom.* What are the four famous Holy Buddha Mountains in China? Why are they con sidered holy by Buddhists?« The four famous Holy Buddha Mountains are: Mt. Wutai in Shanxi Provin ce, Mt. Emei in Sichuan Province, Mt. Putuo in Zhejiang Province and

9、 Mt. Jiuhua in An hui provin ce.« They are the places where Boddhisattvas perform rites. Samantabhadra, Manjusri, Goddess of Mercy(Gua nyin), and Kshitigarbha.* What are the four famous grottoes in Chi na? What are they famous for?* Dunhuang Mogao Grottos, Yungang Grottos in Datong, Longmen Gro

10、ttoes in Luoyang, and Maijishan Grottoes in Tianshui* Buddhist sculptures, pain ted murals and frescos, and Buddhist manu scripts* Please n ame at least five world cultural heritages of Chi na.* Palace Museum,* Garde ns in Suzhou,* Mogao Grottoes,* Chen gde Summer Resort,* Potala Palace,* Emperor Qi

11、 n' Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors,* Royal Mausoleum of Mi ng and Qi ng Dyn asties,* Con fucius Temple in Qufu,* Lijia ng Ancient Town,* and the Great Wall, etc.* Chro nologically, what are the dyn asties in Chin ese history?They are: Xia Dyn asty, Shang Dyn asty, Zhou Dyn asty, Qin Dyn asty,

12、 Han Dyn asty, Three Kin gdom, Easter n Jin Dyn asty, Sui Dyn asty, Tang Dyn asty, Song Dyn asty, Yua n, Dyn asty, Mi ng Dyn asty and Qing Dyn asty.* Please n ame the Five Sacred Mountains in Chi na.* They are: Mt. Taisha n in Taia n City, Sha ndong Provin ce;* Mt Huasha n in Huay in coun ty, Shaa n

13、xi Provin ce;* Mt Hen sha n in Hen sha n Coun ty, Hunan Provin ce;* Mt. Hen sha n in Hunyuan Coun ty, Shanxi Province* and lastly Mt. Son gsha n in Dengfeng Coun ty, Henan Provin ce.* What are the three most famous pavili ons along the Yan gtze River?What stories or historical figures are related to

14、 them?* Yueya ng Pavili on in Yueya ng City, Hunan Provin ce; Fan Zhon gya n* Huanghe Pavilion in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, Story or Li Bai* and Ten gwa ng Pavili on in Nan cha ng City, Jia ngxi Provin ce. Wang Bo* How long is the Beiji ng-Ha ngzhou Grand Can al? What are the fiver great rivers it

15、 conn ects?* The Grand Canal runs from Ton gzhou, Beiji ng in the n orth to Han gzhou in the south with a length of about 1747 km ( or18o0 km).* It connects five westeast rivers, namely Hai River, Yellow River, Huai River, Yan gtze River, and Qia ntang River.* China is famous for its traditi onal ha

16、n dicrafts. What are the “ three nati onal treasures ” of Chin ese han dicrafts?* They are the clois onn from (Beiji ng,« the porcela in from Jin gdezhe n* and the tuotai ( )lacquer from Fuzhou.« Please n ame four most famous love stories in Chi na.«White Sn ake Lady,* the Roma nee of

17、 Lia ng Sha nbo and Zhu Yin gtai,* Meng Jia ngnv Look ing for Her Husba nd,* and the Cowherd and Girl Weaver.* What's the symbol of tourism of Chi na? What is its orig in?* The symbol of tourism of Chi na is the“ Horse on Flyi ng Swallow* It originates from the eastern Han Dynasty bonze ware Hor

18、se on Flying Swallow ,the galloping horse with its right hind foot on a flying swallow* China is known for its culinary art. What are the eight major cooking styles in China? Shandong cuis ine, Sichua n cuis ine, Huaiya ng cuis ine, Guangdong cuis ine, Hunan cuis ine, Fujia n cuis ine, An hui cuis i

19、ne and Zhejia ng cuis ine.* What are the four treasures of study?What are most famed pieces?* the Xuan paper, Xuan zhou, An hui* the Hu writi ng brush, Huzhou, Zhejia ng* the Hui ink stick , Shexia n, An hui* and the Duan in kslab, Duan xi, Guan gdo ng* Please n ame at least five famous garde ns in

20、Suzhou and the time they were first created.* Surgi ng Wave Pavili on in North Song Dyn asty* Garde n of Master of Nets(Fisherma n), in South Song Dyn asty* Lio n Grove, in Yua n Dyn asty* Humble Admi nistrati on Garde n, in Ming Dyn asty* Lin geri ng Garde n, in Ming Dyn asty* Please n ame five maj

21、or sce nic spots in Shan ghai.* The Bun d,* Yu Garde n,* Orien tal Pearl Tower ( Pud ong New Area/District),* Jade Buddha Temple* People ' s Square.* What is the name of the highest building in Shanghai? How high is it?* The buildi ng is Sha nghai World Finan cial Cen ter.* It is 492 meter high

22、and located by Sha nghai Jin Mao Buildi ng in Pud ong New Area/district.* What is the slogan of 2010 Sha nghai World Expo? What is the name of the mascot? What is the durati on of the expo? What is the nu mber of visitors expected?* The sloga n is Better city, Better life.* The n ame of mascot is Ha

23、ibao.stst* The duration is from May.1 to Oct.31 2010.* 70milli on visitors are expected.26. What are the most important philosophies that form the core of Chinese traditional culture?What are their relati ons?«Con fucia ni sm,Taoism, Buddhism«Con fucia nism forms the ethical basis«bal

24、a need by Taoism emphasiz ing in dividual life« and Buddhism stress ing ben evole nee27. What are the three most famous ancient dramatic forms in the world?«Chin ese drama«In dia n San skrit drama«an cie nt Greek comedy and tragedy28. Who are the four famous actors playing female

25、-roles in Beijing Opera?« Mei Lanfang«Cheng Yanqiu«Xun Huishe ng«Shang Xiaoyu n29. What are the characteristics of Chinese calligraphy?« The script form of Chin ese character is the basis of the beautiful visual imageof calligraphy.* The pen and ink, and how the pen goes are

26、 the two factors of the beautiful visual image of calligraphy.* The spirit of the calligraphy works lies in its emotion and uniqueness.30. How many nationalities believe in Islam are there in China? In what regions do they have compact com mun ities?a) Te n.b) Xin jia ng aut ono mous regi on, Nin gx

27、ia aut ono mous regi on,and some areas in Gan su,Qin ghai and Yunnan.31. What are the basic religious doctrines of Christianity?* the Trinity: the union of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.* The church was built by Christ.* Mankind was created by God in terms of his own image.32. What are the

28、 two basic elements of Chinese buildings?* build ing comp onents«decorati on33. What are the characteristics of compositi on of Chin ese palace build in gs?* All palace buildings are constructed according to the principle of central axial symmetry.* Miao(Ancestraltemple) is located at the front

29、 left of the palace and altar of landand gra in at the front right.* The halls, where the emperor received his courtiers and con ducted gra nd cere moni es, are located at the front of the palace and the living quarters for the imperialreside nee at the rear.34. Where isThe Temple of Heave n located

30、? What was its major function?a) I n the south of Beiji ng.b) It is a place where the emperors in Mi ng and Qi ng Dyan asty went to worship heave n and prayed for good harvest.35. How many kinds of categories can Chin ese garde ns be divided into in terms of geographical locati on? What are the exam

31、ples?a) Threeb) garde n in the no rther n China Chen gde Summer Resortc) garde n on the Yan gtze Delta Lin ger ing Garde n in Suzhoud) L ingnan garde n, Qin ghui Garde n in Guan gdo ng36. How many kinds of categories can Chin ese tourist cities be divided in to? What are they?Four.«historical a

32、nd cultural cities«cities with n atural la ndscape«emerg ing cities* comprehe nsive mega-cities37. What is the major differenee in dietary culture between China and Western coun tries?«Chi nese cuis ine focuses on flavour, smell, colour and appeara nee.«Wester n cuis ine focuses

33、on recipe.38. What are the ben efits of drinking tea?* Improve your spirit.«Remove the effects of alcohol* Help digesti on* Preve nt decayed tooth* Reduce the risk of can cer* Reduce blood pressure39. Name two schools of Chinese WuShu and briefly explain the features of their moveme nts.* Shaol

34、in Boxing, showing resolutionand strength in its quick and rhythmicalmoveme nts* Wuda ng, featuri ng beautifully and smoothly stri nged moveme nts40. What does Wushu culture entail?* All the cultural phe nomenon related to Wushu, in clud ing Wushu skill.* It is reflecti on of values, ethics of Wushu

35、.41. Please name 3 traditional Chinese medicine treatment.* Acupu ncture,* skin scrap ing,* cupp ing42. What would you con sider whe n judgi ng an an cie nt porcela in work?a) standardized porcelain ” bears identified time and was excavated from a traceable tomb;b) docume nts and papers that directl

36、y or in directly record porcela in in dustries and developme nt;c) layers data of kil n sites;d) the in flue nee betwee n official kil ns and folk kil ns;e) the in flue nce from the other arts at the same period.43. What would you do to check the quality of a porcela in han dicraft?a) Look in g, loo

37、k whether the glaze is smooth, the shapes is deformed, the image is complete and the bottom is even;b) liste nin g, liste n the sou nd while gen tly beati ng the porcela in;c) compari ng, compare the other accessories;d) try ing out, try cap if any, try to fix.44. What are the five famous kil ns in

38、Song Dyn asty?Where are they located?a) Royal Kil n,b) Ding Kiln, Quyang, HeBeic) Ru Kil n, Ruzhou, Henand) Ju n Kil n, Yuzhou, Henane) Ge Kil n.45. Please n ame 4 famous types of Jin gdezhe n porcela in« Famille-rose Porcelai n,« Linglong porcela in,« Blue-white Porcelai n,« Col

39、or-glazed porcela in46. What are the 7 aspects to appreciate jewelry and jade« Artistic model,« gloss,« texture,* size,« place of origi n,* creator or desig ner«fin ishi ng time.47. What are the 6 com mon est motives to travel?a) To relax physically and men tally,b) to explo

40、re and satisfy curiosity,c) to expa nd horiz on and appreciate beauty,d) to en gage in social activities,e) to pursue religious beliefs,f) to do bus in ess.48. How should a tour guide do to guide Australian tourists when taking into con siderati on of their typical pers on ality?a) D on ' compar

41、e the differe nces betwee n Australia ns and other En glish-speak ingpeople.b) Australia ns prefer beer and are likely to hit ni ght markets. If they do so, re mindthem that they should n 'follow any stra ngers.c) Adjust pronun ciati on because Australia n acce nt varies from that of Brita in an

42、d theUS.d) Australian tourists are quite disciplined, but they are unlikely to do shopping orpick some opti onal programs.49. What are the 5 eleme nts of eco-tourism?a) Prepared and resp on sible tourists,b) tra ined n atives,c) eco-tourism man agers,d) researcherse) gover nment.50. What are the 4 s

43、ce nic spots that are both n atural heritage and cultural heritage in Chi na?a) Mou nt Tai,b) Mou nt Hua ng,c) Mou nt Emei and Lesha n Giant Buddha,d) Mou nt Wuyi.51. What are the features of eco-tourism?a) Its prec on diti on is protecti on.b) Its object is n atural sce nery.c) It in volves public&

44、#39;s en gageme nt.d) It needs scientific management and planning.52. What are Chin ese pagodas composed of?a) un dergrou nd palace,b) base,c) body,d) steeple.53. Please list two highest-rank roof styles of Chinese traditional buildings and give examples.a) Double-eave hip roof,b) double-eave saddle

45、 roof.54. What different directions were represented by four animal guardians in ancient Chin ese culture?a) Red phoe nix, south,b) tortoise warrior, n orth,c) blue drag on, east,d) white tiger, west.55. What are the four Chin ese ani mals con sidered n ati onal treasure?a) (gia nt) pan da,b) golde

46、n mon key,c) white-flag dolphi n,d) white-lipped deer.56. What are the four types of famous Chin ese brocade?here are they produced?a) Yu n brocade,b) S ong brocade,c) Shu brocade,d) Zhua ng brocade.57. What are the most famous tourist attract ions in honor of Con fucius? Where are they?a) Ko ng Fam

47、ily Mansion,b) C on fucius Temple,c) Cemetery of the Kong Familyd) Qufu, Shandong prov ince58. Give examples to illustrate the types of Chin ese garde ns in terms of own ers?a) imperial garde ns, Chen gde Summer Resortb) private garde ns, Zhuozhe ng Garde n in Suzhouc) temple garde ns,59. What are t

48、he three quin tesse nee forms of Chin ese culture?a) Traditi onal Chin ese medici ne,b) Chi nese calligraphy and pain ti ngc) Beiji ng opera.60. What are the four won ders of Huan gsha n Mountain? a) the sea of clouds,* lege ndary pin es,* hot spri ngs* picturesque rocks.61. What do the three majest

49、ic halls in Forbidden City refer to?a) Hall of Supreme Harm ony,b) Hall of Cen tral Harmo ny,c) Hall of Preserv ing Harm ony.62. What are the four esse ntials for the garde ns of south of the Yan gtze deftaa) rockeries,b) waters,c) architecture ,d) a ni mals and pla nts.63. What are the four mai n r

50、ole types in Pek ing Opera?a) She ng (male roles),b) Dan (female roles),c) Jing (martial roles),d) Chou (clown roles).64. Briefly explain the features of The Three Gorges respectively.a) Qutang Gorge majestic ，b) Wuxia Gorge elegant，c) Xiling Gorge dangerous.65. What are the sing and dance epics han

51、ded down by Tibetan nationality and Uyghur nationality?a) Tibetan nationality The Life of King Gesar,b) Uyghur nationality Uyghur Twelve Muqam.66. What are the three famed types of stones in China?a) Changhua bloodstone,b) Chingtian steatite,c) Fujian Shou Shan Tianhuang Stone67. What kind of flavou

52、r do MaoTai ( China), Wu Liang Ye Liquor and Yanghe Liquor belong to?a) Mao-Tai ( China ) soy sauce flavour ，b) Wu Liang Ye Liquor dense flavour ，c) Yanghe Liquor pit flavour.68. What are the proceduresof Cloisonne fabrication? (At least three)a) Base-hammering,b) polishing,c) baking,d) filigreeinge

53、) soldering,f) welding,g) glazing69. What are the four types of famous embroideries in China?a) Suzhou Embroidery,b) Hunan Embroidery,c) Guangdong Embroidery,d) Sichuan Embroidery70. What are the four famous gardens in China?Summer Palace, the Imperial Summer Resort in Chengde, Zhuo Zheng Yuan (Zhuo

54、zheng Garden), Liuyuan Garden(Lingering Garden)71. What are the three types of cave-houses?a)hillside cave dwellings ,b)the pit-style houses,c) the platform-style houses72. What are the four famous types of green tea in China?a)West Lake Longjing Tea, b)Suzhou Biluochun Tea,c) Xinyang Maojian Tea,d)

55、 Junshan Silver Needle Tea73. What are the four most famous schools of Chinese cuisine? a)Sichuan cuisine, b)Cantonese cuisine,c) Shandong cuisine,d) Huaiyang cuisine74. Name 3 mountains that fall into Danxia geomorphologic landscape. Which mountain does the name Danxia originate from? Where is the

56、mountain?a) Wuyi Mountain, Qiyun Mountain and Lon ghu Mountain.b) Dan xia Mountain in Ren hua (Zhao qin g),Gua ngdo ng prov ince75. Name three famous cultural heritage in the Huanghe River valley and their locations.a) Ya ngshao cultural heritage,b) Longshan cultural heritage,c) Dawe nkou cultural h

57、eritage, Taia n, Shandong.76. Who is Con fucius?* commonly pronounced K'ung Fu Tzu in Chinese* a great thinker, politician and educator in the Chinese history.* born in 551 BC in the state of Lu (modern day Shandong Province).* giving advice to many rulers at his time.* Offering private teaching

58、 with more than 3,000 students.* His writ ings deal primarily with in dividual morality and ethics, and the proper exercise of political power by the rulers.* He was honored by the emperors of China as“ the Saint ” . Confucianism has beenthe main stream of the traditional Chinese culture over more than 2,000 years.77. What is the doctrine of Ren in Confucianism?* Ren is the esse nee of Con fucia ni sm.* Ren means Benevolenee.* Benevolenee is to love all men.* The way or Go