202X_202X学年高中英语Unit2SailingtheoceansSectionⅠWarmingUpPre_readingReading

1、-1-Unit 2Sailing the oceans亲爱的同学们,在朗读和背诵之前,请先试着完成下面的语法填空吧!SAILING THE OCEANSBefore latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ships position on a map,seaman could also the oceans.They were not the mercy of the sea without modern navigational aids.Using nature to help keeping alongside the coa

2、stline seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration. (accomplish)navigators were able to use the North Star to plot their positions.On a clear day the sailors could use the sun overhead at midday to navigate by.Sea captains could also observe the clouds islands.explore at Accompl

3、ished over If seaweed was fresh and smelled (strong),sailors could tell us that the ship was to land.Seabirds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere (see).Seamen could also use the weather and the sea to identify their position.Navigational instruments could be used to help findin

4、g longitude and latitude.Before the 17th century,there was secure method of measuring longitude,but sailors did know an approximate method of (calculate)longitude using speed and time.Later,when seamen began to use the compass in the 12th century they could calculate longitude using complicated math

5、ematical tables.The bearing circle was the first instrument (measure) the suns position.Three other instruments,the astrolabe,quadrant and sextant are all connected.They are developments of one another.strongly close to be seen no calculating to measure -4-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading &

6、; ComprehendingCHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四一、将下列单词与其相对应的释义搭配起来AB1.mercya.not anywhere2.alongsideb.least or smallest3.minimumc.kindness;forgiveness4.nowhered.exact;accurate5.secure e.side by side with;beside6.awkwardf.made or done without any plan7.randomg.difficult to use8

7、.preciseh.safe答案:1.c2.e3.b4.a5.h6.g7.f8.dCHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四二、短语互译1.at midday 2.work out 3.pass through 4.in this way 5.在12世纪 6.受支配 7.远离 在中午 计算出 通过 以这种方式 in the 12th century at the mercy of far from CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四三、阅读课文SAIL

8、ING THE OCEANS,完成下列表格(每空最多3个词)explore mercy nature alongside wildlife the weather longitude compass The bearing circle sextant CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四 四、阅读课文SAILING THE OCEANS,回答下列问题1.The reading passage mainly wants to tell us.A.that keeping alongside the coastline i

9、s the first and most useful form of explorationB.that finding longitude and latitude is a must to plot a ships position on a mapC.about the skills and navigational aids early seamen used while sailing the oceansD.how the early sailors used their skills and simple instruments答案:CCHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQ

10、IAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四2.From the passage we have learned .A.that early sailors went exploring the oceans using their skills and simple instruments B.why early seamen wanted to sail the seven oceansC.why latitude and longitude are important to plot a ships position D.that there is useful

11、information in an encyclopedia答案:A3.Which one of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Seaweed.B.Clouds.C.Moon. D.Winds.答案:CCHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入一二三四4.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A.The sailors can use the height of the sun to work out their long

12、itude.B.If there is land close by,there is a special cloud formation.C.The earth moved westwards 15 degrees every hour.D.The bearing circle was the first instrument to measure the suns position.答案:A5.What is the use of a bearing circle,astrolabe,quadrant or sextant?A.To set the course of the ship.B.

13、To measure the position of the ship.C.To measure the speed of the ship.D.To tell the time.答案:BCHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567891.How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented?(P11)你认为在现代化的精确的导航方式发明之前海员是怎么找到路的? 本句中do you

14、think为插入语,应用于特殊疑问句中。Who do you think will get the job?你认为谁会拥有这份工作?Where do you think they have gone?你认为他们去了哪儿呢?注意注意插入语是一种常见的语法现象,在句中不作成分,与其他成分没有语法关系,通常用来表示说话者对所要表达的意思的解释、强调或补充等,可置于句首、句中或句末。如do you suppose/imagine/expect/suggest/believe,它们可以与另一个特殊疑问句构成双重疑问句。带有这种插入语的疑问句要用陈述语序。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN

15、XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789When do you suppose theyll be back?你认为他们什么时候会回来?Who do you suggest we send to cover the bank robbery?你认为我们应该派谁去采访银行抢劫案?What do you guess he wants to buy?你认为他想买什么?CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用完成句子1)Who do you think (他要娶谁)?2)Wha

16、t do you suppose (使他这样想)?3)How do you imagine (如何活过这段艰难的日子)?he will marry made him think so he could live through the hard times CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567892.The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though

17、 they did not have modern navigational aids.(P12)17世纪以前的航海记录显示,即使没有现代航海技术的帮助,旅行者们也不是任凭海洋摆布的。考点一:voyage n.航海;航行The ship will start its maiden voyage next Monday.这艘船将于下周一开始它的处女航。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789 考点延伸考点延伸 辨析voyage,journey,travel,tour和 tripvoyage主要指“乘船作水上旅行”,也

18、可指“空中旅行”。journey 应用范围很广,指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”,一般来说,它着重指“长距离的陆上旅行”。travel 作名词时习惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地,表示旅行的路途远,时间长。此外,travel还可以作动词。tour 指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”,常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意思。trip 为一般用语,指“任何方式的,从事业务或游览的旅行”,往往着重于“短途旅行”,在口语中,可与journey互换。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789He got seasi

19、ck during the voyage.在航行中他晕船了。He decided to make a journey to New York by air.他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。Information on travel in New Zealand is available at the hotel.新西兰的旅行信息可以在宾馆获取。He is going to make a round-the-world tour.他要周游全球。This trip was cancelled because of the snowstorm.因为暴风雪,旅行取消了。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K E

20、QIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789考点二:mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;怜悯;恩惠;幸运It was a mercy that no one was hurt in the railway accident.火车事故中没有人受伤真是幸运。考点延伸考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出mercy的短语和意义Farmers are at the mercy of the forces of nature.农民靠天吃饭。短语:at the mercy of意义:受所支配;任摆布 They are praying God to have mercy on/upon t

21、hem.他们正在祈祷上帝的怜悯。短语:have mercy on/upon意义:对表示怜悯,同情;宽恕(某人)CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789The general showed no mercy to the enemy.将军对敌人毫不仁慈。 短语:show no mercy to意义:对毫不仁慈 The poor man went down on his knees and begged for mercy.那个可怜的人跪下来,乞求宽恕。短语:beg for mercy意义:乞求、请求宽恕 The me

22、dia attacked the president without mercy.媒体对总统进行了无情的抨击。短语:without mercy意义:无情地 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用用voyage,journey,travel,tour和trip 填空1)Jim and his collegers are on a business.2)I would love to around the world with my friends.3)We consider life is a wo

23、nderful .4)He is in the United States on a speaking.5)They made a across the Atlantic.完成句子6)They (不怜悯)on the poor father and his daughter.7)The new anxiety is the global struggle against terrorism (无情地).trip travel journey tour voyage have no mercy without mercy CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KET

24、ANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567893.This seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk.(P12)这似乎已是最不冒险的、最早的也是最有用的一种探险方式。 seem 为系动词,后面接不定式的完成式作表语。He seems to have accumulated a lot of books.他好像已经收集了很多书。I seemed to hear a voice in the distance.我好像听见远处有个声

25、音。 The child seems to be sleeping.这孩子看上去正在睡觉。归纳:seem 后也可以接不定式的一般式或进行式。注意注意1)seem 为系动词时还可以接形容词、名词、介词短语等形式作表语CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789The enemy seems powerful but in fact it is weak.敌人似乎很强大,其实很弱小。It seemed a long time before my turn came.好像要很长时间才轮到我。2)seem后可以跟as if,t

26、hat 引导的表语从句It seems as if he were the host.好像他是主人。It seems that no one knew what had happened.好像没人知道发生的事。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用翻译句子1)除了我们,大家好像都很忙。2)我好像已经自信全无。答案:Everyone seems busy except us. 答案:I seem to have lost all my self-confidence. CHENDUWANSONG晨读

27、晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567894.Sea captains observed the clouds over islands.(P12)海上的船长观测岛上的云层。考点:observe v.观测,观察;观察到,注意到I observed the expression on her face when she heard the news.我观察了她听这个消息时脸上的表情。We should observe the rules and regulations.我们应该遵守规章制度。Do you observe Christmas in y

28、our country?你们国家过圣诞节吗?归纳:observe 还可以表示“遵守;庆祝”。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789考点延伸考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出observe的短语和意义,并注意其不同The teacher observed a boy cheating in the examination and scolded him.老师看到一个男生在考试中作弊,并批评了他。短语:observe sb.doing sth.意义:观察到某人正在做某事 Someone observed Tom steal

29、 from the shop.=Tom was observed to steal from the shop.汤姆被人看到从商店里偷东西。短语:observe sb.do sth.意义:观察到某人做了某事,变为被动句时,作宾补的动词应改为不定式。 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用用所给词的适当形式填空1)The scientist (observe)the stars for twenty years.2)I observed him (stop)at the gate.3)He obse

30、rved a stranger (hang)around the new car.has observed stop hanging CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567895.There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem.(P13)直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后,人们才有了测量经度的可靠方法。考点:secure

31、 adj.安全的;可靠的;放心的;有把握的;牢固的The document shall be kept in a secure place.文件应保管在安全的地方。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789考点延伸考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出secure的词性、短语和含(意)义He secured all the windows before he left.他走之前关紧了所有的窗户。词性:动词含义:使安全;关紧He secured a position in a store at US $400 a week.他在

32、一家商店获得了一份每周四百美元的工作。词性:动词含义:得到She feels/is secure about her future.她对自己的前途觉得安心。短语:feel/be secure about.意义:对安心 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789Now my house is secure against/from burglary.现在我的房子无被盗窃的危险。短语:be secure against/from.意义:不会遭受危险 Some measures are needed to secure t

33、he farmland against shifting sand.需要采取措施使农田免遭流沙的侵袭。短语:secure sb./sth.from/against.意义:使某人/物在安全(或可靠)CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用用适当的介词填空1)At last they were able to feel secure the future.2)When youre insured,youre secure loss.句型转换3)A:Can you get two tickets for

34、the play for me?B:Can you two tickets for the play?about against/from secure me CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567896.However,it was awkward to use as one of the points of reference was the moving ship itself.(P13)但是,它不容易使用,因为其参照点之一就是行驶中的船只本身。考点:reference n.涉及,提及;参考The boss d

35、idnt make any reference to his former employees.老板没有提及他以前的雇员。This book is for reference only.这本书仅供参考。Success seems to have little reference to merits.成功与长处似无多少关联。归纳:reference 表“关联”时,常与介词to连用。 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789考点延伸考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、短语和含(意)义We referred the

36、 proposal to the board of directors.我们把这一建议提交给了董事会。词性:动词含义:把提交 Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.寻找答案,请查阅书的最后一页。短语:refer to意义:查阅,参考 In his speech,he referred to the Bible several times.他在演说中好几次提到了圣经。短语:refer to意义:谈到,提及 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即

37、学即用即学即用完成句子1)老战士谈到了长征时的一些经历。The old soldier during the Long March.2)这些规矩只适用于儿童。These regulations .referred to his experiences refer only to children CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567897.The sextant was the updated version of the astrolabe and quadrant which reduced the tende

38、ncy to make mistakes.(P13)六分仪是星盘和象限仪的改进版,它减少了出差错的可能性。考点:tendency n.趋势;倾向Prices continue to show an upward tendency.物价呈继续上升的趋势。考点延伸考点延伸 1)阅读下列句子,指出tendency的短语和意义My uncle has a tendency to/towards forget things.我叔叔有忘事的倾向。短语:have a tendency to/towards.意义:有的倾向 CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SH

39、ENRU课堂深入1234567892)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性和含义Scientific research shows that women tend to live longer than men.科学研究表明女人比男人长寿。词性:动词含义:趋向;倾向,易于CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789即学即用即学即用用所给词的适当形式填空1)There is a growing (tend)for people to work at home instead of in offices.2)Usually pe

40、ople tend (get)fat as they grow older.tendency to get CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入1234567898.It proved to be the most accurate and reliable of these early navigational instruments.(P13)在这些早期的航海仪器中,它被证明是最精确和最为可靠的一种。考点:reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的We all thought he was a reliable person.我们都认为他是一个可靠的人。I found this to be a reliable brand of washing machines.我觉得这是一种牌子可靠的洗衣机。CHENDUWANSONG晨读晚诵K EQIAN XUEXI课前学习KETANG SHENRU课堂深入123456789考点延伸考点延