Unit13Thewaterplanet

1、Unit 13 The water planet考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:重点单词与短语sailor；benefit；disadvantage；entertainment；medium；relatively；solid；available；pure；dense；relationship；mass；volume；float；absorb；release；stable；sensitive；bottom句型Life in the oceans range from the tiniest plants all the way up to giants like sharks and whale

2、s. range的用法。Water is actually quite simple, but the way the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties. the way 后的定语从句用法They form a polar molecule, that is, one with a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end. that is 插入语的用法语法：复习情态动词 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握sailor；benefit；disadvantag

3、e； medium；relatively；solid；available；pure；dense；relationship；mass；volume；float；absorb；release；stable；sensitive；bottom等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握的用法。教材知识归纳知识归纳1. Practise making suggestions and expressing opinions.practise(1)n.实行,实施,实践（U）I am afraid the idea would never work in practice.恐怕这想法实际上行不通。(反复的)练习,学习（

4、C/U）Learning a language needs a lot of practice.学习语言需要勤练不辍。(医生、律师等的)业务,工作,营业CDr. Pat is no longer in practice here.派特医生不在这儿行医了。习惯,常规,惯例The old practice still prevails in the countryside.旧习俗在乡间仍然流行。(2)vt.实践,实行What I preach, I am resolved to practice.我所讲的道理,我必定身体力行。练习,实习;训练The young girl practices the

5、 violin every day.这小女孩每天练习拉小提琴。经常做We should practice economy even if we are rich.既使我们富裕了也仍应该励行节约。开业从事He has practiced law in Taipei for 30 years.他在台北做律师已有三十年。相关归纳：(1)practice doing sth. 练习做某事To improve your English, you must practice speaking more.为了提高你的英语，你必须练习多说英语。(2)in practice实际上Your theory wont

6、 work in practice.你的理论在实践中行不通。(3)put sth. into practice将付诸实施We had better put our plan into practice.我们最好把我们的计划付诸实施。(4)common practice It is common practice to make a date before going to see a doctor.看病之前和医生预约是常见的做法。2. Who tells the story in the poem?tell的重要句型归纳(1) tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.

7、I told her my telephone number before we parted.我们分手前,我把电话号码告诉了她。(2) tell sb. +从句He told us how the accident happened.他告诉我们那次事故是怎么发生的。She told me that she would be back in an hour.她告诉我她一个小时内就会回来。Did he tell you when to start out?他有没有告诉你什么时候出发?(3) tell (sb. )of (about) sth.He told me of (about) his w

8、orries.他告诉我他的烦恼。The book tells of his sister's life in Japan.这本书谈及他妹妹在日本的生活情况。(4)tell sb. To do sth. 吩咐,命令Tell him not to come tomorrow.叫他明天别来。(5)tell + n. + from + n. 辨别和 It's sometimes hard to tell one twin from the other. 双胞胎有时很难分辨。(6)There is no telling. 不得而知；很难说There is no telling where

9、 he is. 无法知道他到底在哪里。(7)to tell the truth 老实说To tell the truth, I dont believe you.说实话我不相信你说的话。(8)tell sth. apart 把某物区分开I cant tell them apart.我不能把他们区分开。3. Work with your partner and see whether you can come up with a good, scary storycome up with的用法(1)come up with提出；想出 He came up with good ideas for

10、the product promotion.他想出一个推广产品的好方法。He could not come up with a proper answer.他想不出一个合适的回答。(2)come up with有“拿出” “筹措钱”之意。If Waths can come up with $15 million, we'll go to London. 如果瓦茨能够拿出一千五百万美元，我们就去伦敦。You have no choice but to come up with 18, 000.你别无选择，必须拿出一万八千英镑。(3)come up with亦可作“赶上”解。We came

11、 up with a group of tourists.我们赶上了一群旅游者。We shall have to work hard so as to come up with the other firm. 我们得努力工作才能赶上另一家商行。come up(1)开始;发生I'll let him know if anything comes up.如有什么事,我会告诉他的。(2)被提出,被讨论A number of questions came up at the meeting.会议上提出了许多问题。(3)走过来She came up and said, "Glad to

12、 meet you."她走过来说,"很高兴见到你4. Who benefits from using water in this way.Benefit的用法：(1)be of benefit to 对有好处The new regulations will be of great benefit to us all.新规章对我们大家都会大有好处。It is of great benefit to everyone.那对每个人都有很大益处。(2)for the benefit of为的利益I have done it for his benefit.我为了他的利益才做那件事情

13、。(3)benefit by/from 得益He hasnt benefited from/by the experience.他虽有体验却无长进。We benefit by/from daily exercises.每天做操对我们有好处。(4)sth. benefit sb./sth. 对有益These facilities have benefited the whole town.这些设施使全城受益。The medicine will benefit you.这种药对你有好处。5. Marine life is incredibly rich and varied.(1)Varied a

14、dj. 各式各样的They made varied efforts to bring about a peaceful solution of the problems. 他们做了种种努力来和平解决这些问题。He had had varied training and had held many offices.他受过多种训练并担任过多种职务。(2)various adj. 各式各样的He was absent for various reasons.他由于各种各样的原因迟到了。(3)variety n. 多样化,变化; 种类What other ways do you know to add

15、 variety?你知道其他增加变化的方法吗?People like to live a life full of variety.人们喜欢过丰富多彩的生活。(4)vary vt./vi. 有变化；使有变化Courses vary according to the needs of the students. 课程根据学生的需要而不同。People vary very much in their ideas. 人与人的想法差别是很大的。The answers given by different people vary greatly.不同人作出的回答，差别非常大。She varies her

16、 dress as fashion changes. 她的衣着随潮流而变化。6. There were masses of dark clouds in the sky.mass的用法：(1)n. 团，块，堆a mass of=masses of 大堆，大团，大块The flowers made a mass of color against the stone wall.以石墙衬托着的花朵五彩缤纷。A mass of snow and rock broke away and fell on the climbers.一堆积雪和岩石突然崩落到登山者的身上。(2)大量，大批，众多a mass o

17、f=masses of许多，大量I got masses of cards on my birthday.我生日的那天收到了很多贺卡。She elbowed her way through the masses of tourists.她用胳膊肘开路从众多的游客中挤了过去。A mass of bread is wasted every day.每天有很多面包被浪费了。相关归纳：(1)in the mass 总体上，总的来说She says she doesnt like children in the mass.她说从总体上讲她不喜欢孩子。(2)be a mass of sth. 充满，布满H

18、is face was a mass of bruises after the fight.他打完架后脸上青一块紫一块的。7. There are about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them.yet 的用法：(1)ad.yet通常用于否定句或疑问句中，译为"还，尚，仍，已经"等。常常放于句末，否定词之后。 The moon has not risen yet.月亮还没有升起。Has he finished the work yet?那工作他做完了没有?总有

19、一天,终必He will suffer for fun yet.他总有一天会因贪玩吃苦头。(与比较级连用)更,益发That job is yet more demanding.那个工作甚至更加费力。与once , again , another 连用，意思是再”。例如 he has made yet another mistake. 他又犯了一个错误。而,然而My room is small yet cosy.我的房间很小,但很舒适。(2)conj.可是,却,然而I don't know him, yet I can get his help.我不认识他,但我会得到他的帮助。在口语中，

20、yet也可以与and连用产生转折语气。例句： He hunted for jobs in Beijing for months，and yet he couldn't find any work他在北京找工作已有几个月了，可是他仍然找不到工作。 He says he is full，and yet he wants more他说他吃饱了，可是他还要。 8. Life in the ocean ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.range 的用法：(1)n. 排

21、, 行; 一系列; 山脉; (变化等的) 幅度; (知识等的) 范围; 级别, 等级;The library has ranges of books in perfect order.这个图书馆的书一排一排放得井井有条。The houses are sold out within this price range.在这个价位范围之内的房子已售完。This store sells a wide range of TV sets.这家商店出售各种型号的彩色电视机。(2)vt.排列, 将.排成行OThe cards were ranged in alphabetical order.卡片以字母顺序排

22、列。在.来回走动, 漫游于We ranged the woods looking for a place to set up our tents.我们在树林里东走西跑, 找个地方搭帐篷。(3)vi.平行; 列成一行The shabby houses used to range along the road.过去这路边破败的房子排成行。绵亘, 延伸The road ranges westward from the lake.这条路由湖边向西延伸。(在一定范围内) 变动, 变化WQThe temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade

23、.温度在摄氏三十度与四十度之间。His interests ranged from chess to surfing. 他的爱好从下棋到冲浪，无所不有。Their ages ranged from 25 to 50. 他们的年龄在二十五岁到五十岁之间。up to 的用法：(1) 直到; 至多It could be up to two years before the project is completed.可能需要两年时间这项工程才能完成。 Up to now I've never met him. 一直到现在，我还没见过他。(2)忙于What have you been up to

24、 all day while I've been busy? 我整天忙着的时候你在干什么?(3)由决定、负责It's up to you whether you decide t0 take the job. 要不要这份工作由你自己决定。It's up to you to break the news to him. 该由你把这消息告诉他。(4)up to及得上;可以与相比较This new book of Green's isn't up to his last. 格林的这本书不如上一本好。9. Because water is polar，it ca

25、n break down or dissolve both solids and gases.break down(1)分解 Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人体里的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。After many years, rocks broke down into dirt. 岩石经年累月之后分化成尘土。(2)(机器等)坏了The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。 The 8 o'clock t

26、rain broke down at Beijing Station and W&S taken off the line. (3)(身体)垮了”“(计划)失败” “(精神)支持不住了”。His health broke down because he had strained himself too much in his work. 他因工作劳累过度而把身体搞垮了。Marc broke down tearfully when she was told the death of her husband.玛丽听到他丈夫的死时痛哭流涕。Their plan has broken down

27、.他们的计划失败了。(4)打破; 摧毁 Firemen had m break down the wall to save the child. 为了救孩子，消防队员不得不把墙推倒。10. If he played a bad trick on you, the manager would say you were the thief and call in the police.call in(1)找来；请来He insisted that we should call in a expert at this point. 这时他坚决主张我们去请一位专家来。(2)来访；到那里去He call

28、ed in and told us that the machine had been badly damaged.他来告诉我们机器受到了严重损坏。I formed the habit of calling in on them in the evenings.我每天晚上都到他们那里去，这已形成了习惯。(3)收回The librarians has called in all the books.图书馆管理员把书都收回去了。概念提示重点/热点1： Most animals and plants are sensitive to large or sudden changes in temper

29、ature,sensitive(1) 敏感的;易受伤害的be sensitive to意为“对敏感”。Donna is sensitive to strong smells.唐娜对强烈的气味很敏感。Photographic paper is highly sensitive to light.照相纸对光十分敏感。An artist is sensitive to beauty. 艺术家对美是敏锐的。(2) 神经质的; 神经过敏的 You really must stop being so sensitive about your accent.你实在不必为自己的口音感到烦燥不安。Don'

30、;t mention she's put on weightshe's very sensitive about it. 不要说她胖了她对此非常敏感。(3) 善解人意的He is very sensitive to his pupils' need for encouragement and knows when to praise them.他非常理解学生对鼓励的需要，并知道何时表扬他们。注意：sensible和sensitive区别sensible意为“明智的”“合情合理的”还有“意识到的,察觉到的”Be sensible and take your umbrell

31、a.聪明些把伞带上。I am sensible of my error.我认识到自己的错误了。易混易错点1：Tides provide energy for the ecosystems, but estua- ries are protected from waves and storms by islands, mud or vide的用法(1)provide sb. (with) sth 给某人提供某物The book will provide you with the information you need. 这本书会向你提供你所需的情况。Somehow she ma

32、naged to provide her children with food and clothing.她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃,有衣穿。 (2)provide sth for sb. 给某人提供某物The forests provide shelter for wild animals.森林为野兽提供藏身之处。Provide for 抚养,赡养He tried to earn more money to provide for a large family.他设法多挣钱以供养一个子女众多的家。He has a large family to provide for.他有一大家子人要养活。

33、(3)provided that. 规定You may keep the book a further week provided that no one else requires it. 只要没有别人要这本书，你还可借一个星期。She may come with us provided (that) she arrives in time.如果她及时到达，她可能会和我们一道来。We'll visit Europe next year, provided we have the money. 如果我们有这笔钱，我们明年将去欧洲。(4)providing that. 如果，倘若You

34、may go out providing you do your homework first. 只要你先把作业做好，你就可以出去。Providing (that) there is no oppositions, we shall hold the sports meet here. 如果没有人反对，我们将来这里开运动会。讲题组课内题例与课后题：课内题例1. The book was boring. It wasnt _ to me.A. benefit B. benefited C. of little benefit D. of much benefit变式1. The book is

35、of _ benefit _ us. A. great; for B. much; for C. very; to D. great; to解析：be of benefit to表示“对有益”。根据句意：这本书对我没有多大益处。D项符合题意，而C项表示双重否定，不符合题意。答案：D变式1.考查搭配与运用。 be of (great / much) benefit to.=be (very) beneficial to 表示“对有利有益”。答案：D2. "The villagers provided the soldiers _ food." means "The

36、villagers provided food _ thesoldiers." A. with; with B. for; forC. with; for D. for; with变式1. _ that it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?A. Provided B. Provide C. Having provided D. to provide解析：考查动词固定短语的搭配。provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb.答案：C变式1. provided/providing可以做特殊连词引导条件状语从句。答案：

37、A3. - Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?- No, it's out of _. A. range Breach C. control D. distance变式1. he _ in the street all day long and didnt do anything. Which of the following is wrong? A. ranged B. knocked about C. hung about D .wandered解析：考查固定搭配。没能射到鸟的原因是鸟在射程外(out of range)。

38、答案：A变式1. 四个选项中都可以表示闲逛，但range后要接over 来表示闲逛的意思。答案：A4. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them.A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of解析：many of 后面应接带有定冠词的名词，意为“中的许多”；masses of 大量的，后可以跟可数名词或不可数名词；the number of 的数量；a large amo

39、unt of 大量的，后接不可数名词。答案：B5. The matter_ your fate cannot be taken for granted.A. relating to B. related toC. relate to D. to relate to解析：该题考查动词relate用法。relate to “与有关”，此处是过去分词作matter的后置定语，相当于一个定语从句：The matter which / that is related to your fate.taken for granted“想当然”。由此句可以判断B正确。 答案：B 课后题：1.The elderl

40、y need special care in winter, as they are to the sudden changes of weather.A. sensitiveB. sensibleC. flexibleD. positive2.They are all used to their environment； they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.A. in a wordB. above allC. that isD. in all3.This picture was taken a long tim

41、e ago. I wonder if you can my father.A. find outB. pick outC. look outD. speak out4.We should try our best to improve our surroundings to the people ratherthan harm them.A. benefitB. contributeC. protectD. affect5.Some plants are very to light；they prefer the shade.A. sensibleB. sensitiveC. suitable

42、D. acceptable1.A 本题考查形容词的意义辨析。sensitive“敏感的，灵敏的”，常构成短语be sensitive to “对敏感，易受影响”；sensible“合理的，可感觉到的，明事理的”，可构成短语be sensible of“察觉到”；flexible“灵活的，能复形的，可通融的”；positive“积极的，肯定的”。根据题意“冬季老年人需要特别的关爱，因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。”故选答案A。2.C 句意为：他们都已习惯了他们的环境，也就是说他们已经学会了怎样成功地在他们的栖息地生存。上下句基本上表达的是同一个意思；第二句话是第一句话的更详细更明确的解释。故选C

43、。意义为“即，也就是（说）”。3.B find out查明；辨别，pick out挑出；选出；看出来look out小心，注意；speak out（大胆地）讲出，根据题意B项pick out对。4.A 题意为：我们应尽力改善环境使人类受益而不是伤害人类contribute和to连用表示“有益于”，protect the people“保护人民”，affect the people“影响人类”。故选A。benefit people“使人受益”。5.B be sensitive to“对敏感”；sensible构成短语为be sensible of表示“察觉到”，be suitable for“适

44、合”。根据题意选B。课后练习题A组：1.The climate in China from area to area.A. rangesB. getsC. spreadD. move2.He didnt respond to my answer, perhaps he was in thinking about something.A. set B. absorbedC. gotD. losing3.How wide the river is! I guess it about fifty metres long.A. is measuredB. is measuringC. measures

45、D. takes measures4. $100 a month could hardly _ the cost of his life in such a big city in this country.A. spend B. take C. cover D. meet5. Working in the kitchen for years made Tom _ a good cook.A. for B. into C. of  D. as6. Can I pay the bill by check?  

46、0; Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.A. shall B. need C. will D. can7. This wall of air is an effective answer to the problem and it _ work.    But it is a question to put such a wall of air around the statue.A. may

47、60;B. must C. should D could8. Did your sister pass the exam?    She failed and is in low spirits.    Im sorry for her.    _.A .Thank you B .Youre welcome C . I would think so D. Never mind9. The students spent as much time gettin

48、g trained as they _ studying.A. disliked B. were C. had D. did10. It was believed that things would get worse, but _ it is they are getting better.A. before B. after C. because D. as答案：1.A range fromto表示“从到变化”。句意为：中国的气候随着地区的变化而变化。2.B be absorbed in“全神贯注于”，从He didnt resp

49、ond to my answer可得知，他一定是在全神贯注地想事情。3.C measure可用作不及物动词表示“某物有长（宽，高）”；也可用作及物动词“测量”。句意为：这条河有50米长，故选C。4. C  cover=be enough for sth.易误选D，meet支付、偿付（某费用，主语一般为人）5. B  make sb. into sb.将某人变成某人6.A  本题考查情态动词的用法，shall用于第一和第三人称的陈述句中，表示命令、许诺等，语气很强。can表示可能性，will表将来，need意为需要，都不适用。7.C  本题主要考查情态动词的用法。选项A表示事实上的可能或允许；选项B表示要求或肯定的推测；选项C表示建议或根据一般情况的推测；选项D表示较小的可能性。根据句子中的关键词an effective answer可知，后面表示在一般情况下的推测。8.A  本题主要考查英语交际用语的应用。根据对方的话“Im sorry for her”表示对她的关心，于是回答应该用“谢谢”，因此正确答案为A。