2019高考英语阅读理解---推理判断题

1、高考英语阅读理解推理判断高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。需要特别说明的是，考试说明中强调：阅读部分要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志（含网络版）的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。”网络版英语文章也有可能成为阅读理解命题的

2、材料。1. Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworld

3、hadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.2. IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforal

4、mosttenyears?saysGin.Ivebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccesstotheirlivingenvironment.Idontseeitasalawlessland.Butratherseeitasanareaoffreedom.WhatisGinsattitudetowardsthelivesoftheindigenousGuiane?eA.Cautious.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.3. Ina2014study,

5、ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperien

6、ce.itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.saysjnn.Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A. Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B. Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C. Itmattersasmuchasaformaltal

7、k.D. Itmakespeoplefeelgood.4.Despiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste（糊状物）beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycompleteways.Ontopofthat,m

8、ostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.Whatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?A.Theprintingp

9、rocessiscomplicated.B. 3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive.C. Foodmaterialshavetobedry.D. Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.5. “Theififbleedsruleworksformassmedia,saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Theywantyoureyeballsanddon（tarehowyourefeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarea

10、lotmorehowtheyreact.YoudontwantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?A. Theyresociallyinactive.B. Theyregoodattellingstories.C. Theyreinconsiderateofothers.D.Theyrecarefulwiththeirwords.6.December15,2014DearAlfred,Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Grow

11、ingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastoostow,though,withanIQof150+at17,Ianythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）.Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.Thankyou.YouvegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseImdoingsomething,

12、notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyouresavingmylife.TaniswrotethisletterinordertoA. explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputerB. sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionYours,TanisC. showhowgratefulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofar7. Conflictisonthemenutonightatthe

13、cafLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrancesfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkandthe“talkingcureHeretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisntalwayseasy.Theycustomers-somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2（plusdrinks）persession-carequicktointellectu

14、alize（高谈阔论）,slowtoopenupandconnect.Youareforbiddentosayonefeels,orpeoplethink,Lehanetoldthem.SayIthinWhatarepeopleencouragedtodoatthecafeLaChope?A. LearnanewsubjectB. Keepintouchwithfriends.C. Showofftheirknowledge.D.Expresstheirtruefeelings.8. InancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractc

15、ustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics（策略）.Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACa

16、liforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.WhatistheCaliforniabuildersstoryintendaedtoprovA.

17、Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B. Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C. Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomerstaste.D. Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.9.Haveyoueverdreamedofhavingafashionablewatchofgreatvalue?AsmallwatchmakerinSwitzerlandin1922designedthefirstautomaticwatchtoshowth

18、eday,month,anddate.Today,itissohardtogetanoriginalwatchthatsomewatchhistoriansareevenwillingtooffer$200,000forone.Thesewatchesattractedalotofpeoplefortheirsplendidcolor,fashionablesty,andnewusesinthe1920s.Today,youareofferedthesamekindofwatchwithimprovement.Ithasa24-jewelmechanicalmovement.Youcanget

19、thewatcheitherinpersonorbymailallanaffordableprice.Youwillalsoreceivegoodservicefromthewatchseller.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththewatchafteryougetit,youmaysimplyreturnitwithin30days.Dontmissthechancetorealizeyourdream.ThepassageisprobablytakenfromaA.reportB.magazineC.textbookD.sciencebook10.Abouttwentyo

20、fushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio（影棚）totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughouractwobldnlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast（对比）.Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturesinfronttakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscree

21、n（幕）.AnactorandactressstoodofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewatersByasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees（棕桐树）,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheex

22、citementofbeingfilmstars!Whatwouldhappeninthethreeminutesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.11.AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurleypictureswouldbeout

23、standing-undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism-iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck（海滩），byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.Whatdoweknowabou

24、tthephotostakenbyHurley?A. TheyweremadelastweekB. TheyshowedunderseasceneriesC. TheywerefoundbyacameramanD. Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure高考英语阅读理解之推理判断12.Successfulpeopleininternationalbusinessunderstandtheculturesofothercountriesandlearntochangetheirpracticesindifferentcultures.Theyunderstandthei

25、mportanceofavoidingbusinessdecisionsbasedonmisconceptions-mistakenideas.Onecauseofmisconceptionsisethnocentrism,thebeliefthatonesownculturedoingthingsisbetterthanthewayofothercultures.Itsethnocentrismthatleadstofaiinternationalbusiness.Toavoidethnocentrism,itsnecessarytostudythedifferenteifements（成音

26、 B 分）ofculture:language,valuesandattitudes,andcustomsandmanners.Aknowledgeofthelocallanguagecanhelpinternationalbusinesspeopleinfourways.Valuesarepeople;sbasicbeliefsaboutthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong,goodandbad.Anattitudeisawayofthinkingoracting.Valuesandattitudesinfluenceinternationalbusiness.

27、Customsarecommonsocialpractices.Mannersarewaysofactingthatthesocietybelievesarepolite.Theauthorspurposeofwritingthisarticleistotellpeople.howtotakearightattitudeinbusinessB. howtoavoidmisunderstandingsinbusinessC. howtousealocallanguageinbusinessD. howtoactpolitelyandproperlyinbusiness13.Brrriiinnng

28、.Thealarmclockannouncesthestartofanotherbusyweekdayinthemorning.Youjumpoutofbed,rushintotheshower,intoyourclothesandoutthedoorwithhardlyamomenttothink.Astressfuljourneytoworkgetsyourbloodpressureclimbing.Onceattheoffice,youglancethroughthenewspaperwithdepressingstoriesorreportsofdisasters.Inthatsort

29、ofmood,whocangetdowntowork,particularlysomecreative,originalproblem-solvingwork?Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutnewspapers?A. Theyaresolutionproviders.B. Theyareasourceofinspiration.C. Theyarenormallyfullofbadnews.D. Theyaremoreeducationalthanwebsites.1.1 Itisnotjustunkindbutalsodangeroustosayafour-hourl

30、yfeedingschedulewillmakeababysatisfied.Thefirstoftheexpertstoadvocateastrictclock-watchingschedulewasDr.FredericTrubyKingwhowasagainstfeedinginthenight.Iveneverheardanythingsoridiculous.Babyfeedingshouldntfollowatimetablesetbythemum.Whatisimportantisfeedingababyinthebestway,thoughitmaycausesomeincon

31、venienceinthefirstfewweeks.WhatdoestheauthorthinkaboutDr.FredericTrubyKing?A.Heisstrict.3.Heisunkind.4.Hehasthewrongidea.5.Hesetsatimetableformothers.15.TheBasicsofMathMadeClear1BasicMathintroducesstudentstothebasicconceptsofmathematics,aswellasthefundamentalsofmoretrickyareas.These30fantasticlectur

32、esaredesignedtoprovidestudentswithanunderstandingofarithmeticandtopreparethemforAlgebra（代数）andbeyond.7Ifthecoursefailstoprovidecompletesatisfactiontoyou,youcaneasilyexchangeitforanyothercoursethatweoffer.Oryoucangetyourmoneyback.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookrev

33、iew.C.Alessonplan.D.Anadvertisement.B.F.ScottFitzgerald,bornonSeptember24,1896,anAmericannovelist,wasonceastudentofSt.PaulAcademy,theNewmanSchoolandattendedPrinceton.Universityforashortwhile.In1917hejoinedthearmyandwaspostedinAlabama,wherehemethisfuturewifeZeldaSayre.Thenhehadtomakesomemoneytoimpres

34、sher.However,FitzgeraldsproblemswithhiswifeZeldaaffectedhiswng.Duringthe1920shetriedtoreorderhislife,butfailed.WecaninferfromthepassagethatFitzgerald.hadmadesomemoneywhenhemetZeldainAlabama.waswelleducatedandwelloffbeforeheservedinthearmywouldhavecompletedmoreworksifhiswifehadntbrokendownhelpedhisfr

35、iendgetridofdrinkingwhilehiswifewasinhospital17.grewupinahousewheretheTVwasseldomturnedonandwithonewallinmybedroomentirelylinedwithbookshelves,mostofmychildhoodwasspentonbooksIcouldgetholdof.Infact,Igrewupthinkingofreadingasnaturalasbreathingandbooksunbelievablypowerfulinshapingperspectives（观点）bycre

36、atingworldswecouldstepinto,takepartinandlivein.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorasachildHeneverwatchedTV.Hereadwhathehadto.Hefoundreadingunbelievable.Heconsideredreadingpartofhislife.综合训练Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorke

37、epthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious（难为情）whentheyreinpoorlylitplacesandsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.

38、Ifyourhomedoesnthaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeel

39、lesshungry.Sowhenitstimetorepaint,goblue.Dontforgettheclockortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyoureatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown

40、,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake（摄入）jumpsby14percent.Andwellpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoa

41、short,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.（）1.ThetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareaboutA.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydiets()2.Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetites()3.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealt

42、imes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.()4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?B.WaysofServingDinnerC.EffectsofSelf-ConsciousnessD.IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?高考英语阅读理解推理判断参考答案.Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecentti

43、mestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenth

44、em.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.由 hunter-gatherertimes 定位至 U 第自然段，根据whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps1200languagesbetweenthem.可是当时人少，但是语言很多。.Ihaveaspecia

45、llovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears?saysGin.Ivebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccesstotheirlivingenvironment.Idontseeitasalawlessland.Butratherseeitasanareaoffreedom.30.WhatisGinsattitudetowardsthelivesoftheindigenousGuianese?A.C

46、autious.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.根据第三段第一、二句IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears,我对法国 Gtianese人有个特殊的爱。我在那里工作了将近十年了。所以他对法国 Guianese 人是赞赏的。Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeesh

47、op.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.sayiuinn.Butinteractio

48、nswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Despiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanych

49、allengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste（糊状物）beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycompleteways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilyg

50、obad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.Whatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?A.Theprintingprocessiscomplicated.B.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive.C.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.D.Someexpert

51、sdoubt3Dfoodprinting.“Theifitbleedsruleworksformassmedia,saysJonahBeger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Theywantyoureyeballsanddon（tarehowyourefeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.YoudontwantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbi

52、eDowner?Theyresociallyinactive.Theyregoodattellingstories.Theyreinconsiderateofothers.Theyrecarefulwiththeirwords.December15,2014DearAlfred,Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastoostow,though,withanIQof150+at17,Ianythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohave

53、ADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）.Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.Thankyou.YouvegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseImdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyouresavingmylife.Yours,TanisTaniswrotethisletterinord

54、ertoexplainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputersharetheideasshehadforherprofessionshowhowgratefulshewastothecenterdescribethecoursesshehadtakensofarConflictisonthemenutonightatthecafLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrancesfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkandthe“

55、talkingcureHeretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisntalwayseasy.Theycustomers-somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2（plusdrinks）persession-carequicktointellectualize（高谈阔论）,slowtoopenupandconnect.Youareforbiddentosayonefeels,orpeoplethink,Lehanetoldthem.SayIthinWhatarepeopleencouragedt

56、odoatthecafeLaChope?LearnanewsubjectKeepintouchwithfriends.Showofftheirknowledge.Expresstheirtruefeelings.冲突”上了杯之家咖啡馆今晚的菜单。今晚，如同每个星期四的夜晚，心理学家莫德勒汉尼（MaudLehanne）将主持法国最受欢迎的消遣活动喝咖啡和谈话疗法”。在这里，他们学着了解真实的感情，这可不容易。顾客一一巴黎人，每次疗程只需支付不到两美元（含饮料）一一很快便开始高谈阔论，并慢慢展露自我并进行联系。你不能说某人感觉或人们认为”勒汉尼告诉他们，应该说我认为想想我”InancientEgy

57、pt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics（策略）.Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginth

58、edoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.Whatist

59、heCaliforniabuildersstoryintendedtoproveThehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomerstaste.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.9.Haveyoueverdreamedofhavingafashionablewatchofgreatvalue?AsmallwatchmakerinSwitzerlandin1922designe

60、dthefirstautomaticwatchtoshowtheday,month,anddate.Today,itissohardtogetanoriginalwatchthatsomewatchhistoriansareevenwillingtooffer$200,000forone.Thesewatchesattractedalotofpeoplefortheirsplendidcolor,fashionablesty,andnewusesinthe1920s.Today,youareofferedthesamekindofwatchwithimprovement.Ithasa24-je