2008年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案

1、2008年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第11 5题，每题1分，共15分)    下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1 She found me very dullA dirty         B sleepy           C lazy      

2、;  D boring2 The President made a brief visit to BeijingA short         B working         C forma       D secret3 He was persuaded to give the idea.A mention    

3、0;  B accept           C consider     D drop4  Jack consumes a pound of cheese dayA eats          B drinks            C

4、buys        D produces5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story.A strange       B frightening        C difficult       D interesting6 It's a gorgeous day anywayA l

5、ovely        B cold              C normal        D rainy7 Her life is becoming more diverseA generous     B humorous     

6、;      C varied        D romantic8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the warA broadening    B worsening          C extending     D accelerating9  She was

7、 unwilling to go but she had no choiceA unable        B indecisive          C ready        D reluctant10 She isslender，with delicate wrists and anklesA sick     

8、;     B weak              C slim          D pale11 With immense relief, stopped runningA some          B enormous  

9、       C little          D extensive12 The scientists began to accumulate dataA collect          B handle           C analyze 

10、;        D investigate13Jack eventuallyOvertook .the last truckA hit              B passed          C reached       

11、0;  D led14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advanceA possible         B profitable        C easy             D wise15 The reason for their unusual b

12、ehavior remains a puzzleA fact             B mystery          C statement        D game第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选

13、择1个最佳标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1。个最佳选项。The Supercomputer Network 1  Recently, ten laboratories run by governments in different parts of the world have become linkedTheir computers have been connected so they can“talk”to each other This may not seem very dramatic news，but it is the begi

14、nning of a development that will increase the power of the Internet tremendously2  The lnternet is an interconnected (互联)system of networks that connects computers round the world and facilitates the transmission and exchange of information The way that you use the Intermit is by accessing this

15、 networkThis depends on the power that your system allows you to useThe power of your computer is responsible for how fast you can download(下载)files，how much data you can store，etcIf your computer is old and slow，accessing the information can be very difficult3  The new development in informati

16、on technology has been called“the grid”(网格技术)，and it will be a network of computers that are linked togetherThe“grid”will work in a different way from the I internet. enabling you to get the power of the biggest computers in the world on your computerAccessing the information will no longer depend o

17、n the power of your computerThe idea is that while you access information，you will also have access to the power of the bigger computer stations4   One advantage of this revolutionary idea is that geographical location will become irrelevantThe“grid”will decide which are the best parts of

18、a worldwide network to do the job you wantThis means that you may be accessing a computer In Japan to solve a problem in Alaska5  The“grid”can be compared to having an efficient personal assistantYou can gave your assistant a task and“he”wIl d0 it for youThe assistant will do the preliminary re

19、search，collect the data，compare them and decide on the best course of action by accessing any of the computer centers in the “grid” that happen to have the relevant informationAil you have to do is assign the task，sit back and wait6  At presentpossible applications of the“grid”in scientific res

20、earch are being exploredWhile it has taken about fifteen years for Internet use to become widespread， experts believe that the “grid” could be us and running for private individuals far more quicklyScientists working“gridprojects are convinced that it will be as widely used as the web in the next te

21、n years23 Paragraph 2_24 Paragraph 3_25 Paragraph 4_26 Paragraph 5_A How does the “grid” work?B Power sharedC Just make a requestD Limitations of present Internet useE Distance is not a problemF A new era for the Internet27 Traditionally the power of your computer determines how fast you can access_

22、28 The “grid” will enable you to get on your computer the power of_29 The “grid” would be like_ who can perform your tasks efficiently 30 It is believed that the widespread use of the “grid” will become possible in the next_A the bigger computer stationsB the advantageC ten yearsD informationE your

23、personal assistantF fifteen years第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇SunspotsIt's not surprising that sunspots(太阳黑子)were observed by ancient astronomers (天文学家)The largest soupspoon the sun can be seen without a telescopeIt was not until the invention of the telesc

24、ope(望远镜)in the early 17th.century，however，that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertakenThe great astronomer Galileo was among the first to make telescopic observations of sunspotsSunspots are regions of extremely strong magnetic fields(磁场)found on the sunS surfaceA sunspot has a dark centr

25、al core known as the umbraThe umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra，where the magnetic field spreads outwardSunspots appear dark because they are giving off less radiationThey are cooler than the rest of the sun S surface Sunspots are frequently observedin-'pairs of in paired gr

26、oupsThe members of aspot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spotThey are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direction in Which the sun rotates(旋转)  The number of sunspots at any one time variesA large spot group may consist of as many as 1 0 groups a

27、nd 300 spots across the sunThe number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cycleThe largest number occurs about every 1 1 yearsAt sunspot minim Lm，there are at most just a few small spots The average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation，which

28、is about 25 daysThe most persistent large slops，however can survive for two to three months31 Careful observations and systematic studies of sunspots     A were made by ancient astronomers.     B started in the early 17thcentury.     C were

29、 made by Galileo only.          D could be made without a telescope.32 Sunspots are cooler than the rest of the sun's surface because     A they produce less energy.           

30、        B they are buried in the sun.     C they are far away from magnetic fields.        D they are close to magnetic fields.33 The leading spot and the following spot are the names of    

31、 A two large sunspots.      B a large spot and a small spot.     C the two spots in a spot pair.  D the central core and the ring around it.34 Infiniteness sunspot activity had occurred in 1857, the next one would have been in    

32、 A 1858.          B 1862.          C 1865             D 186835 In the last paragraph the word "persistent means     A importa

33、nt.       B effective.       C enduring.         D visible.第二篇  Where Have All the Bees Gone?     Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their handsAll across the

34、 country, honeybees are leaving their hives(蜂巢)and never returningResearchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse(群体瘫痪)disorderIt is reposed that 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the US have vanished from their hives since last fallSo far, no one can explain why     Colony c

35、ollapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about onethird of the foods we eatAs they feed，honeybees spread pollen (花粉)from flower to flowerWithout this process，a plant cant produce seeds or fruits     Now，a group of scientists and beekee

36、pers have teamed up to try to figure out whatS causing the alarming collapse of SO many coloniesThey hope to find out whatS contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance in the future     It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the beesTo explore t

37、hat  possibility, Jay Evans，a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (SDA)Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing“We know what a healthy bee should Look Like on the insideand we can look for physical signs of disease”he saysAnd bees from

38、 collapsing colonies dont look very healthy“Their stomachs are worn downcompared to the stomachs of healthy bees， Evans saysIt may be that a parasite(寄生虫)making the beesdigestive organs Their immune(免疫的)systems may not be working as they shouldMoreover，they have high levels of bacteria inside their

39、bodies    ，     Another cause of colonycollapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops，says Jerry Hayes，chief bee inspector for the Florida Department of AgricultureSome studies，he says，suggest that a certain type of

40、insecticide(杀虫剂)affects the honeybeeS newels system and memory“It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do，he says     1f it turns out that a disease is contributing to colony collapse，beesgenes could explain why some colonies have

41、collapsed and others have notIn any group of bees there are many different kinds of genesThe more different genes a group has，the higher the groupS genetic diversitySo far scientists havent determined the role of genetic diversity in colony collapse，but it's a promising theory，says Evans36 What

42、is the mystery that researchers find hard to explain?  A Honeybees are flying all across the country  B Half of the honeybees in the US have died  C Honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return  D Honeybee hives are in disorder37 Researchers are seriously concerned with th

43、e phenomenon of colonycollapse disorder becauseA honeybees help produce one-third of the foods we eatB parasites on bees may spread everywhereC honeybees cannot find enough food elsewhereD honeybees feed on flowers38 Which of the following is a possible cause of the colony-collapse disorder?  A

44、 Population explosion    B Decreasing number of flowers around  C Genetically modified products D Diseases and chemicals39 Which of the following explanations is given by Jerry Hayes to the phenomenon?  A Bee-keepers do not understand the honeybeeS behavior  B A certain

45、 type of chemical destroys the honeybeeS newels system  C Honeybees are infected by unwanted insects  D Some crops are poisonous to the honeybees40 The word “diversity in the last paragraph means  A variety      B makeup    C disorder  

46、;   D distinction第三篇A Tale of Scottish Rural Life     Lewis Grasses Gibbons Sunset Song(1932)was voted“the best Scottish novel of all time”by Scotlands reading public in 2005Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotlands poor rur

47、al farmers，it has been adapted for stage，film。TV and radio in recent decades      The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kin Addie，in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War IAt its heart is the story of Chris，who is both pa

48、rt of the community and a little outside it      Grasses Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine(女主人公)We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hardworking father；experience tragedy(her mothers suicide and murd

49、er of her twin children)；and learn about her feelings as she grows into a womanWe see her marry， Lose her husband，then marry againChris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot, believe that she is the creation of a man       But it woul

50、d be misleading to suggest that this book is just about ChrisIt is truly a novel of a place and its peopleIts opening section tells of Kin Addies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing      The story itself is amazingly f

51、ull of characters and incidentsIt is told from Chrispoint of view but also from that of the gossiping community，a community where everybody knows everybody elses business and nothing is ever forgotten       Sunset Song has a social theme tooIt is concerned with what Gra

52、sses Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War IGibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war Despite this，the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deathsIn particular, it takes away Chrish

53、usband，Evan AvondaleThe war finally kills Evan，but not in the way his widow is told，In factthe Germans ament responsible for his death，but his own sideHe is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle      If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also l

54、ooks aheadIt is a“Sunset Song”but is concerned too with the new Kin Addie，indeed of the new European world Grasses Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story41. What is Sunset Song mainly about?  A The First World War      &#

55、160;        B The beauty of the sunset  C The new European world.             D The lives of rural Scottish farmers42. Which statement is NOT true of Chris?    A.  She is the heroi

56、ne of Sunset Song B.  She had a miserable childhood    C. She is the creation of man         D.  She married only once.43. What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with?    A .The climate of Kin Addie

57、60;        B. The history of Kin Addie    C. The geography of Kin Addie.        D. The language spoken in Kin Addie44. Who killed Chrishusband，Evan?    A. His own troops     &

58、#160;                    B. The French army    C. The Germans.                     &#

59、160;        D. The Russian soldiers45. The word “Sunset” in the title of this novel most probably means  A. the end of the heroineS life                B. the end often story  C. t

60、he end of the traditional way of life        D. the end of the day第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Rising Tuition in the US    Every Spring，US university administrators gather to discuss the next acade

61、mic years budgetThey consider faculty salaries，utility costs for dormitories，new building needs and repairs to old onesThey run the numbers and concludeit seems，inevitably that，yet again，the cost of tuition must go up     According to the USs College Board，the price of attending

62、a four-year private university in the US rose 81 percent between 2005 and 2006，the numbers continued to rise 1993 and 2004_(46)In    According to university officialscollege cost increases are simply the result of balancing university checkbooks“Tuition increases at Cedarville Univers

63、ity are determined by our revenue needs for each year,”said the universitys president，Dr Bill Brown“Student tuition pays for 78 percent of the universitys operating costs。”Browns school is a private university that enrolls about 3，1 00 undergrads and is consistentlyrecognized by annual college ranki

64、ng guides like US News and World Reports and The Princeton Reviews_(47)    Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the schools board of trustees (监管)all of a states public institutionsJohn Durham，assistant secretary (董事)  _ (48)

65、 This board oversees to the board of trustees at East Carolina University(ECU)，explains that state law says that public institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for freeDurham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of th

66、eir education _(49)State residents attending ECU pay about us$10，000 for tuition room and board before financial aid     Amid the news about continued increases in college costs，however，there is some good newsTuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in f

67、inancial aid at almost every universityTo receive financial aid，US students complete a formal application with the federal government. The federal government then decides whittler an applicant is eligible(有资格的)for grants or loans_(50)A.  The application is then sent to the student's univers

68、ity, where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how muchB.  At public universities, however, tuition increases must also be approved by a state education committee, sometimes called the board of governorsC.  The school currently charges US$23,41

69、0 a year for tuition.D.  Many American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of foodE.  That's more than double the rate of inflation.F.  The state government covers the rest第6部分：完型填空(第5165题，每题1分，共15分)    下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。Paper or Plastic?

70、      Take a walk along the Chesapeake Bay, and you are likely to see plastic bags floating in the waterThey have made their_(51)into local waterways and，from there，into the bay, where they can_(52)wildlifePiles of them show up in landfills(垃圾填埋地)and on city streetsPlastic b

71、ags also take an environmental toll(代价)in the_(53)of millions of barrels of oil expended every year to produce them      Enter Annapolis and you will see plastic bags_(54)free in department stores and supermarketsAlderman(市议员)Sam Shoeshine has introduced a well-meaning_(55)t

72、o ban retailers from distributing plastic shopping bags up MarylandS capitalInstead，retailers would be required to recycled paper and to sell reusable bagsThe city of Baltimoresimilar measureOpponents of the are harmful，too：They cost more tomake；they_(58)，however_(56)bags made of_(57)a argue that pa

73、per bags_(59)more resources totransport，and recycling them causes more pollution than recycling plasticThe argument for depriving Annapolis residents Everyone in this _(60)their plastic bags is far from accepted_(61)is right about one thing：Disposable shopping bags of any type are wasteful，and the best outcome would be for customers to _(62)bags insteadAnnapolismayor is investigating how to hand out free，reusable shopping bags to city residents，a proposal that can pr