必修,模块复习纲要

1、模块复习纲要（必修四）Module 1 Life in the futurelook out 小心；当心for a start 首先on the way out 即将被淘汰；即将过时3.补充词汇Thomas 托马斯Orville Wright 奥维尔 . 赖特Arnold B. Barach 阿诺德 .B. 贝拉克 二 . 语言知识1. be used to do sth. 被用来作某事Emma 埃玛Waston 沃森（姓）Christopher Evans 克里斯多弗 .埃文斯词汇1. 模块词汇 （斜体部分为高考词汇 , 计 27 个）brickn.砖concreten.混凝土mudn.泥a

2、lternativeadj.替换的;供选择的crimen.罪；罪行predictionn.预测riskyadj.危险的；冒险的resourcesn.资源（常作复数）materialn.材料relyvi.依靠；依赖solaradj.太阳的urbanadj.都市的；城市的loadvt.装；装载landfilln.垃圾填埋地arrestvt.逮捕；拘留criminaln. 罪犯；犯人firevt.开火；启动limitn.（常作复数）范围outdoorsn.户外onlineadv. 联机地cataloguen.目录commandn.命令；指令recreationn.娱乐；消遣bowlingn.保龄球游

3、戏softballn.垒球（运动）chargen.费用；价钱powervt.供给动力flickn.轻打switch n.开关vi . 交换；调换surgeryn.外科手术telesurgeryn.门诊病人clinicn.诊所disabilityn.失去能力；伤残attachvt.系；贴；连接spaceportn.宇航基地optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的dishwashern. 洗碗碟机definitelyadv.无意的；确定地eventuallyadv.最后；终于colonyn.殖民地predict vt.预言；预料shape vt.造成形状pad n.（动物的）脚doormat

4、n.门前擦鞋垫2.短语for sure 肯定的run out (某物）用完；不多了；没有了rely on 依靠get rid of除掉；处理掉free of charge 免费use up 用完used to do sth. 过去常常干某事 （暗指现在不这样了 ）be/get used to doing 习惯于干某事Horses had been used to carry goods before the trucks were invented. 在货车发明出来之前，马被用来运送货物。Tom used to tell lies to his teachers, which made the

5、m angry. 汤姆过去常常撒谎，使得老师们很生气。The new students haven t go't/been used to getting up early in the morning. 新生不习惯早起。2. for sure肯定 （作状语 ）be sure 确信，肯定 （主语是人 ）make sure 确保be certain 肯定（主语是 it） It is certain that .He is sure of his success.=He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功。He is sure to succeed.

6、 他一定会成功。 （说话人的意见 ）He is a thief for sure. 他肯定是个贼。3. run out （vi） =use up （vt） 用完，耗尽，主语为表示时间，金钱，食物等名词。I have run out all my money. Could you lend me some?What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has run out/ been used up?4. relyvi .依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；取决于rely on/upon 依靠，依赖 , 取决于rely on/upon

7、sb. to do /doing 指望 （相信某人会做某事We should rely on our own efforts to develop our space industry. 我们必须依靠自己的努力来发展我们的航天工业 .Whether we 'll go for picnic this weekend relies on the weather. 这个周末是否去野餐取决于天气 .We can't rely on him coming in time. 我们不要指望他能按时来。5. get rid of 摆脱；除掉rid.of 摆脱；除去get rid of 摆脱；

8、除掉The fat boy went on a diet to get rid of his excess weight. 这个胖男孩节制饮食以减轻过量的体重。Get rid of all that rubbish. 把所有的垃圾都除掉。6.load vt.装上；填装；使负担 n.负载；重担 常用于load sth. with sth纟吉构中【注意】 load 的宾语是装载的 “车辆 ”而非“货物”.The tractor is loaded with goods.The workers loaded the truck with coal. 工人们把这辆车上装满了煤 .7 .command

9、v. 命令 ,指挥 ,支配 .接宾语从句时，宾语从句谓语部分用should do , 即用虚拟语气。command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command sb that ( should ) docommand n.指挥；命令。接同位语从句时，同位语从句也用should do,即用虚拟语气。I command that he(should) go at once. 我命令他立即就去。The general gave the command that all the soldiers should charge at 5. a.m. 将军下令所有的士兵将在凌晨五点发起进攻。

10、【注意】具有“建议，命令，坚持，要求”等意义的动词，接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟 语气，其谓语动词形式为“ should +动词原形” ,should可省略。一个坚持： insist两个命令： order, command三条建议： suggest, propose, advise四点要求： demand, desire, request, require8. “no matte特殊疑问词"引导让步状语从句，意为无论”no matter when=whenever不管何时no matter where=wherever不管在哪里no matter how=however不管如何no ma

11、tter who=whoever无论谁no matter which=whichever 【注意】no matter+疑问代词， 从句，也可引导名词性从句。不管哪一个引导让步状语从句；疑问代词+ever 既可引导让步状语No matter who/whoever breaks the law, he will be punished. （ 让步状语从句 ）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. （ 主语从句 ）9.charge vt.要价；控告;使充满（电）;责令n.看管;费用；控制charge sb. with sth. charge sb. mon

12、ey for sth. in charge of in the charge offree of charge为某事而控告某人为(向某人)要价负责由负责免费The fruit-seller charged me much money. 这个水果商要了我很多钱The police charged him with murder. 警察指控他犯有谋杀罪 .He was in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理外出时他负责管理整个商店 .10. switch v. 转变 , 切换 ,摆动n.开关，转换，接通或切断电流,转动switch

13、on 打开开关，相当于 turn onswitch off 关闭开关，相当于 turn offDon' t forget to switch off when you have finished. 用完后不要忘记关掉开关。你能把灯打开吗？Can you switch the light on?11.attach v把固定；把attach sth. to sth.attach oneself to sb. /sth.be attached to sb. /sth.附（在上）将某物系在、缚在或附在 依附某人 （参加某事 ） 依恋，留恋，爱慕某人 （某事物 ）上，This hospital

14、is attached to the medical college nearby. 这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院 .He attached himself to the expedition. 他参加了那支探险队 . He is deeply attached to the old typewriter. 他非常爱惜那台旧打字机。当心，小心当心，小心当心什么事当心什么事12. look outwatch outlook out forwatch out forCrossing the street, you should look out for the cars. 过马路时，一定要小心汽

15、车。Look out! Don ' t get too clotsoethe house whose roof is under repair. 当心！不要靠近那个房顶正在维修的房子。13.too.to do sth.太而不能做某事”是一个表示否定意义的句型。某些表示情感的形容词，女口:glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, easy, willing等和 too.to 连用时， 去卩表示肯定意义。You are too young to understand such things.（否定意义） 你太年轻还不懂这些事情。'肯定意

16、义s）（She is too willing to take other 她极愿意接受别人的意见。14.as well也，又 , 是副词短语，放在句末。as well as 是并列连词，意为 不仅，而且 ”,后接名词和动名词。 【注意】当as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。The teacher as well as his students likes playing football. 这位老师和学生都喜欢踢足球。He grows flowers as well as vegetables. 他既种菜也种花。 China is a socialist coun

17、try and a developing country as well.中国是个社会主义国家，也是个发展中国家 。15. 部分否定的句型，所谓部分否定就是否定一个整体中的一部分。其构成是not或否定副词加 both/all/every/always 都表示整体意义的词在同一个句子中出现。All the students haven read the book或 Not all the students have read the book. 不是所有的学生都读过那本书。I couldn ' t hear every word of his speech. 他讲的话并非每句我都能听见。

18、away,16. 完全倒装句 ,当表示方位的状语或表语位于句首时，句子采用全部倒装的结构，即把 谓语动词的所有组成部分都移到主语之前。这类作状语或表语的词常见的有： down, in, off, out, over, up, above, below, here, there 及介词短语与分词。 【注意】如果作主语的是人称代词，则不用全部倒装。As soon as the bell rang, out they rushed. 铃声一响他们就冲了出去。Down came the snow at midnight. 半夜里下了雪。17. wear vt.穿（衣服等）；戴（首饰等）；佩（武器等）v

19、i. 磨损，变旧，突破；用坏：【辨析】： wear, dresswear 表示穿有着是持续的动作，表示穿着的状态dress vt. 给某人穿衣服，是动作，后面的宾语一定是人be dressed in穿着，后面的宾语是衣服She wore a coat with a dress underneath她穿着一件大衣 , 里面套着一条连衣裙。The little boy isn't old enough to dress himself.这孩子太小 , 还不能自己穿衣服。18. predictv.预言；预报；预测predictorn.预言者predictionn.预言，预测Predictab

20、leadj.可预见的，可预料的Some scientists have predicted that man is likely to land on the Mars in fifty years. 一些科学家预言在未来五十年人类有可能登上火星。We cannot predict our future but we can grasp the present. 我们不能预测未来，但可以把握现在。19. for a start 首先，第一I 'm not working there-for a start ,I t 'stoo far to travel. 我不去哪工作，首先，

21、路太远了。20.on the way out 即将过时in a way 在某种程度上in the way 挡道in no way 决不by the way 顺便说一下The type of jeans is on the way out . 这种款式的牛仔裤要过时了。 模块复习纲要（必修四）Module 2 Traffic Jam词汇trolleybusn. 电车suburbanadj. 郊区的；市郊的cabn.出租汽车；计程车receiptn.收据air-conditionedadj. 带空调的destinationn.目的地；终点八、routen.路线providevt.提供pedaln.

22、汽车；踩的踏板singlen.单程票explorevt. 探索blowvt.吹响（乐器，号角等）reactvi.反应moodn.心情；心境registrationn.执照；登记2.短语1.模块词汇（斜体部分为高考词汇 , 计 14个）wiren. 电线displayvt. 展示；陈列permitn. 执照；许可证faren.车费limitvt.限制impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的double-deckern. 双层公共汽车convenientadj. 方便的tricyclen.三轮脚踏车returnn.往返票roadworkn. （常作复数）道路施工hornn.喇叭；号角soluti

23、onn. 解答；答案congestionn. 拥塞；堆积be connected to 与相连in no time 马上；一会儿 under construction 正在建设之中 keep cool 保持冷静3.补充词汇be /ger stuck in 被困在get around 到处旅行；四处走动switch off 关上（电灯、电视等 ）；断掉（电源） no way （俚语）肯定不；没门儿Sao Paolo 圣保罗（巴西城市） Lagos 拉各斯（尼日利亚港） Nigeria 尼日利亚Los Angeles 洛杉矶（美国城市） 二. 语言知识1. connect表示“连接”，通常与介词

24、with, to 连用 , 区别不大be connected to与相连connect with 把 和 连接起来be connected by 由连接The two cities are connected by a railway.一条铁路连接起这两个城市。A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees around him. 好学生必须会把他在书本里读到的东西与他在周围所看到的事物联系起来。2.be/get struck in被困住同义词组Even in the summertime we might be stru

25、ck in snowstorm. 甚至在夏天，我们 （这儿 ）也可能受到暴风雪的袭击。The firefighters are trapped in the building on fire. 这些消防队员被困在着火的楼里。3.in no time立刻，马上in time及时，总有一天on time准时at one time曾经，一度at a time一次，一下子at no time决不 （位于句首引导倒装句 ）4.raise vt. 举起；养育；使升起来raise one ' s voice提高嗓门raise a family raise money 【辨析】 raise, rise

26、养家糊口筹款raise 是及物动词，表示 rise 是不及物动词，表示 例如：使升起”总带有 垂直”提升的意思。“某物自然升起 ”。完成式不是表示被动而是表示动作的完成。a risen sun一轮升起的太阳a rising sun正在升起的太阳The kids will be leaving home for a summer camping in no time. 孩子们将很快离家去参加夏季野营活动。Don' t try to do everything at once; take it a bit at a time. 不要什么事情都一块儿干，要一次做一点儿。5. permitn.

27、许可证；通行证 v.允许；许可permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事with/without one 's permission 经过（未经）许可 Her mother would not permit her to come back late. 她妈妈不允许她晚归。6.provide vt.提供；供应，供给provide sb. with vide sth. for sb给某人提供某物【辨析】 provide, supply, offer 三个词都有 “提供”的意思，但所强调的内容不同。provide强

28、调通过向某人提供某物确保其得到所需品；supply强调长时间定期向某人提供所需品。supply sb. with sth.;supply sth. to sb.;offer 强调主动愿意向某人提供某物，但对方可接受，也可拒绝。offer sb.sth.;offer sth. to sb.The money will be used to provide the rural schools with new computer equipment. 钱将被用来为乡村学校提供新的计算机设备。His schools provided an apartment for him. 学校为他提供了一套公寓

29、。7. avoidvt. 避开，避免avoid doing 避免做某事常见的接动名词作宾语的及物动词有finish doing做完某事enjoy doing喜欢干某事imagine doing想象干某事suggest doing建议做某事I tried to avoid speaking to him.我尽量避免与他说活。She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想像自己走进办公室，对每个人都说出自己对他们的看法。8. limit vt.限制，限度；n.限度，极限，范

30、围limit oneself to sth.在某物上自我限制 ;set a limit to规定限度；limited有限的He limits himself to two eggs a week because of his heart disease. 他因心脏病而限制自己每周只吃两个鸡蛋。Is there any limit to the amount of money we'll spend today?我们今天要花的钱有限度吗？9. under construction在建设中under prep. 此处指 under repair“在 （某事物 ）状态中， 处在某种情况下 ”

31、，表达某种情况正在进行。 在修理中under control在控制之中under discussion在讨论中My bike is under repair. 我的自行车正在修理中。 The big fire was under control. 大火得到了控制。10.convenient adj. 便利的，适宜的be convenient to sb某人方便做某事it is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事It is convenient for me to type the paper. 我方便打这份文件。“.worthwhileadj.值得的；值得做

32、的（作表语/定语）It is worthwhile for sb to do /doing 值得做be worth +n值（可以接钱数，代价或价值的词）be worth doing值得做某件事 （worth 只作表语，主动表被动）be worthy of sth值得，配得上某物（不能接表示钱数的名词）be worthy of being done/to be done值得被做某事The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这件事是否值得干。Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth p

33、raising. 无论是谁帮忙救了这个孩子都值得赞扬。12. leave+宾语+副词（宾补）让处于某种状态leave sb./sth.+adj/介词 /doing/doneThe teacher left the classroom angrily, leaving the boy standing in the front of the classroom.让那个男孩站在教室前面，老师生气地离开了教室。Don' t leave her waiting outside in the rain. 别让她在外边雨中等着。13 react vi. 反应react to 产生反应，回应reac

34、t on/upon 反应，影响，起作用react with 起化学，物理反应react against 反抗，对抗They have reacted happily to the news that they will get a rise. 他们对涨工资这一消息表示高兴。Applause reacts upon a speaker. 鼓掌对演讲人有影响。Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes. 孩子们通常以违背父母意愿来反抗他们。14. no way 没门 ，不可能（表示拒绝，不相信）Do you want to help?