心理学与生活（双语）：3Chapter 8 memory1

1、Chapter 8 memory The definition of memory Memory Memory, a type of information processing, is the capacity to store, encode, and retrieve information. 记忆是存储、编码和提取信息的容量。Ebbinghaus Quantifies Memory艾宾浩斯定义的记忆 This observation was made in 1885 by the german psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus A methodology.

2、 Ebbinghaus called the difference between the time to learn the list originally and the time to relearn the list as savings. Ebbinghaus used nonsense syllables (not contaminated by previous learning) and rote learning (memorizing by mere repetition) to study what he thought was pure memory. Ebbingha

3、us learned lists of nonsense syllables to a criterion performance level, He would then distract himself for an interval by studying other lists, and then re-learn the original list. An Overview of Memory ProcessesThree processes of memory Encoding encoding, the initial processing of information that

4、 leads to representation in memory。 Visual code:Mental representation of information as a picture Acoustic code:Mental representation of information as a sequence of sounds Semantic code :Mental representation of information according to its meaning Three processes of memory Storage 存储 the retention over time of encoded information; The second stage of information processing. (存储就是把编码过的信息以一定的形式保持在人们的头脑中） Maintenance rehearsalThree processes of memory Retrieval提取 the recovery of stored information at a l