shakespeare sonnet （课堂PPT）

1、1Renaissance poetry2sonnetItalian (Petrarchan) sonnetEnglish (Shakespearean) sonnetSpenserian sonnet3Main Forms of The SonnetForms of SonnetRhyme SchemesPetrachan Sonnetabba abba cdc dcd /cde cde / cde edcShakespearean Sonnetabab cdcd efef ggSpenserian Sonnetabab bcbc cdcd ee4The Development of The

2、Sonnetmastered by:Petrarch in Italyintroduced by: initiated by: Wyatt & into England W. Shakespeare Edmund Spenser John Milton56II. Shakespeares Sonnets William Shakespeare composed 154 sonnets in his lifetime. Shakespeare wrote his sonnets in London in the 1590s during an outbreak of plague tha

3、t closed theaters and prevented playwrights from staging their dramas. William Shakespeares first and second years in London were spent writing in the Petrarchan style. Two years later he started writing in the English sonnet form. 7The Shakespearean Sonnet The Shakespearean Sonnet3 quatrains (12 li

4、nes)1 couplet (2 lines)abab cdcd efefgg8Sonnet 18Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,An

5、d every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst,Nor shall death brag thou wandrest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst,So long as men can breathe or eyes can s

6、ee,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.9Sonnet 18 Shall Icomparethee to a summers day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate -: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summers lease hath all too short a date: Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold c

7、omplexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometimes declines, By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growst. So long as me

8、n can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. QuatrainCouplet10Rhyme Scheme of Sonnet 18Quatrain 1 A Shall I compare thee to a summers DAY? B Thou art more lovely and more temperATE: A Rough winds do shake the darling buds of MAY, B And summers lease hath all too sh

9、ort a DATE: Quatrain 2C Sometime too hot the eye of heaven SHINES,. D And often is his gold complexion DIMMD;. C And every fair from fair sometime deCLINES, D By chance or natures changing course unTRIMMD;. Quatrain 3 E But thy eternal summer shall not FADE,F Nor lose possession of that fair thou OW

10、EST;. E Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his SHADE, F When in eternal lines to time thou GROWEST:.CoupletG So long as men can breathe or eyes can SEE, G So long lives this and this gives life to THEE. 11Quatrain 1Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Roug

11、h winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date:我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：Extravagant praise compares a summer day as less lovely and constant as the beloved.12Quatrain 2Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold com

12、plexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed: 天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。The sun is sometimes too hot in summer or occasionally shaded. Every beautiful thing becomes less beautiful through chance or time. 13Quatrai

13、n 3But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst,Nor shall death brag thou wanderst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst, 但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。Transition in the sestet to counter that the beloveds beauty will not fad

14、e or die because of the poem. 14CoupletSo long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。 (梁宗岱译梁宗岱译) The poem will be read as long as man lives and the beloved will live on.15我可能把你和夏天相比拟？我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞

15、吹落地狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过。夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过。有时太阳照得太热，有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色，但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色，你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在它的阴影里面走着，死神不能夸说你在它的阴影里面走着，如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去

16、。此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。 -梁实秋梁实秋 我能否将你比作夏天我能否将你比作夏天 你比夏天更美丽温婉你比夏天更美丽温婉 狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残 夏日的勾留何其短暂夏日的勾留何其短暂 休恋那丽日当空休恋那丽日当空 转眼会云雾迷蒙转眼会云雾迷蒙 休叹那百花飘零休叹那百花飘零 催折于无常的天命催折于无常的天命 唯有你永恒的夏日常新唯有你永恒的夏日常新 你的美貌亦毫发无损你的美貌亦毫发无损 死神也无缘将你幽禁死神也无缘将你幽禁 你在我永恒的诗中长存你在我永恒的诗中长存 只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇 这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜

17、-朱生豪朱生豪 16莎士比亚莎士比亚Sonnet 18汉译的汉译的23个版本个版本 美人当青春，婉丽自销魂。焉知东风恶，良辰讵待人？朝日何皋皋，暮色何昏昏。众芳俱摇落，天意倩谁询？我有丹青笔，腾挪似有神。为君驻颜色，风霜不可侵。丹青亦难久，罔若诗与琴？延年歌一曲，万古扬清芬。17ContrastThy summerNatural summerShort Eternal Leased Owst Hot Temperate Decline Rough wind DimmedLovely breath Not fade Deathless 18 5. Repeat 1. Men breathe 4.

18、 Giving life to thee 2. Eyes see 3. This poem lives19Sonnet 18我能否将你比做夏天我能否将你比做夏天你比夏日更温婉，惹人爱怜你比夏日更温婉，惹人爱怜无情的狂风吹落你五月的花瓣无情的狂风吹落你五月的花瓣夏日之期短暂的直让人生厌夏日之期短暂的直让人生厌少时天堂之目灼晒人间少时天堂之目灼晒人间时常它的金色面庞依稀可见时常它的金色面庞依稀可见世上美好之物一点一点殒散世上美好之物一点一点殒散许是偶然，抑或恰遇自然之变迁许是偶然，抑或恰遇自然之变迁而你永恒之春天绝不褪变而你永恒之春天绝不褪变所有之美艳亦不会消散所有之美艳亦不会消散死神也未敢吹嘘你

19、在他的阴影下彷徨死神也未敢吹嘘你在他的阴影下彷徨因为你在这恒久的诗行中成长因为你在这恒久的诗行中成长只要人类尚能呼吸和观望只要人类尚能呼吸和观望这诗篇就会永在，给你生命的力量。这诗篇就会永在，给你生命的力量。Life is shortArt is longLiterature will keep transient beauty ever lastingdestructive power of time20 Sonnet 75 (Edmund Spenser) One day I wrote her name upon the strand, But came the waves and wa

20、shed it away. Agayne I wrote it with a second hand, But came the tyde, and made my paynes his pray. “Vayne man” Sayd she, “that doest in vaine assay A mortall thing so to immortalize, For I my selve shall lyke to this decay, And eek my name bee wyped out lykewize”. “Not so” quod I, “let baser things

21、 devize, To dy in dust, but you shall live by fame: My verse your vertues rare shall eternize, And in the heavens wryte your glorious name, Where whenas death shall all the world subdew, Our love shall live, and later life renew.21Sonnet 29When in disgrace with Fortune and mens eyes,I all alone bewe

22、ep my outcast state,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries,And look upon my self and curse my fate,Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,Featured like him, like him with friends possessed,Desiring this mans art, and that mans scope,With what I most enjoy contented least,Yet in these thoug

23、hts my self almost despising,Haply I think on thee, and then my state,(Like to the lark at break of day arisingFrom sullen earth) sings hymns at heavens gate,For thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings,That then I scorn to change my state with kings.22Sonnet 29 - outcast state Sonnet 29 by Will

24、iam Shakespeare begins with the speaker describing moments of great sadness, in which he cries over his outcast state by himself. This outcast state may refer to either a generally unfavorable standing in society or a lack of financial success in the playwriting field. 23Sonnet 73That time of year t

25、hou mayst in me behold,When yellow leaves, or none, or few do hangUpon those boughs which shake against the cold,Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.In me thou seest the twilight of such day,As after sunset fadeth in the west,Which by and by black night doth take away,Deaths second s

26、elf that seals up all in rest.In me thou seest the glowing of such fire,That on the ashes of his youth doth lie,As the death-bed, whereon it must expire,Consumed with that which it was nourished by.This thou perceivst, which makes thy love more strong,To love that well, which thou must leave ere lon

27、g.24Sonnet 116Let me not to the marriage of true mindsAdmit impediments, love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds,Or bends with the remover to remove.O no, it is an ever-fixed markThat looks on tempests and is never shaken;It is the star to every wandring bark,Whose worths unknown, alth

28、ough his height be taken.Loves not Times fool, though rosy lips and cheeksWithin his bending sickles compass come,Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,But bears it out even to the edge of doom:If this be error and upon me proved,I never writ, nor no man ever loved.25十四行诗在中国十四行诗在中国商籁诗闻一多：第一

29、次热潮徐志摩，梁宗岱孙大雨：格律严谨冯至，卞之琳四十年代末：沉寂屠岸，唐湜（九叶诗派：穆旦，袁可嘉）冯至 （鲁迅：中国最杰出的抒情诗人）白马：内蒙古剧作家，诗人 26云游 徐志摩徐志摩 那天你翩翩的在空际云游，那天你翩翩的在空际云游， 自在，轻盈，你本不想停留自在，轻盈，你本不想停留 在天的那方或地的那角，在天的那方或地的那角， 你的愉快是无拦阻的逍遥，你的愉快是无拦阻的逍遥， 你更不经意在卑微的地面你更不经意在卑微的地面 有一流涧水，虽则你的明艳有一流涧水，虽则你的明艳 在过路时点染了他的空灵，在过路时点染了他的空灵， 使他惊醒，将你的倩影抱紧。使他惊醒，将你的倩影抱紧。 他抱紧的是绵密的忧愁，他抱紧的是绵密的忧愁， 因为美不能在风光中静止；因为美不能在风光中静止； 他要，你已飞渡万重的山头，他要，你已飞渡万重的山头， 去更阔大的湖海投射影子！去更阔大的湖海投射影子！ 他在为你消瘦，那一流涧水，他在为你消瘦，那一流涧水， 在无能