十一、复合句doc

1、十一、复合 句复合句是近十几年高考的重点、考点之一。它不仅在单项填空中考查，而且在短文改错中占很大比重；同时，在完形填空、阅读理解中也直接或间接被考查。对复合句掌握的好坏能反映考生英语综合能力的情况。根据从句在句子中的作用，复合句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。名词性从句和定语从句【考点点拨】名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。近几年高考对名词性从句的考查重点如下：【考点 1】名词性从句中引导词that 与 what 的使用场合。1that引导名词性从句时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；而what 是连接代词，在从句中充当成分。 _ made the s

2、chool proud was _ more than 90% of the students had beenadmitted to key universities.(2003上海春季 )A. What / becauseB. What / thatC. That / whatD. That / because2 that 在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that 不可省略。如： She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her

3、a job. Word comes _ a group of Australian guests will come to visit our school nextweek.A. thatB. whichC. 不填D. about which(2005 天津 2 月 )3介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether 引导， 不用 that，which 引导。 但在介词besides，except， in 后可用that 引导宾语从句。在有it 作先行词时，that 可用来引导介词后的宾语从句。 The other day, my brother drove his car down the

4、street at _ I thought was adangerous speed.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(2004 上海春季 )【考点 2】名词性从句中引导词whether 与 if 的用法区别。引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句可以互换的场合：He is not sure if / whether he can manage to do it.当与 or not 分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.只能用whether不能用if的场合：引导表语从句、同位语从句及位于句

5、首的主语从句引导介词后的宾语从句（有时可省略）后面紧跟or not 时后面直接跟动词不定式时 _ the flight to New York will be delayed is _ I南京 )A. If ; whatB. Whether ; thatC. When ; thatmiallyespecworried about. (2003D. Whether ; what【考点 3】在动词： 一坚持（ insist）、二命令（ order ，command）、三建议（ suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（ demand， require， request， ask）后的

6、宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及这些动词的名词引出的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用（ should） do 形式。 I advised that he _ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _ quite wellthen.A. be sent; was feelingB. was sent; sentC. be sent; feelD. should be sent; should feel(2005年山东2 月 )【考点 4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致

7、。 They are teachers and don t realize _ to start and run a company.(2004黄冈 )A. what takes itB. what they takeC. what takes themD.whatittakes【考点 5】 whoever， whichever， whatever ， whenever，wherever 和 however 在引导名词性从句时不可与no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how替换，因为后者只能引导让步主语从句。 Have a nice trip

8、!Thanks. I ll telephone you from _ I get to by tomorrow evening.(2004广州 )A. whereverB. every placeC. wheneverD. no matter where定语从句可分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。高考对定语从句的考查常涉及以下几个方面：【考点 6】正确区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的结构；理解关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的作用；特别注意指代整个主句内容的关系代词which 引导的非限制性定语从句。 I shall never forget the day _ Shenzhou V

9、was launched, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; whichB. that; whichC. which; thatD.when;that(2004 北京东城 )【考点 7】关系代词that， who， which 以及 as 的用法区别。指人时常只用who 不用 that 的情况；指物时只用which 不用 that 的情况；只用 that 不用 which 的情况；关系代词as 与 which 的用法区别；the same that与the same as 的区别 There is no such place _ you drea

10、m of in all this world.(2004北京西城5月 )A. thatB. whatC. whichD. as【考点 8】区别 that 引导的定语从句与that 引导的同位语从句。that 是纯连词， 在从句中不充当任何成分；that 引导定语从句时，that that引导同位语从句时，是关系代词， 在从句中充当主语或宾语等。比较：The news that they had won the game arrived soon.The news that you told me yesterday is true. Is this the reason _ at the me

11、eting for his carelessness in his work?(2002上海春季)A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained【考点 9】定语从句中谓语动词须与先行词在人称与数上保持一致。 He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship in three years.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been(2002 上海春季 )【考点 10】在先行词为time， pl

12、ace，reason 时，常可用that 代替 when，where，why，并常常省去。如： That was the reason (that) / why / for which he left home. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.(2004湖北 )A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which【趋势】近几年高考对名词性从句的考查日趋灵活，多以考查名词性从句的引导词为主，并且常与定语从句和状语从句等相关知识结合起来考查。【各个击破】1

13、 The boy dived into the water and after _ seemed to be a long time, he came up again.A. whatB. thatC. itD. which2 These two areas are similar _ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A. except thatB. in whichC. in thatD. so that3 You may depend on _ that all the goods will be shipped abro

14、ad in time.A. whichB. itC. whomD. these4 Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connectedSiberia and _ more than 10,000 years ago.A. this is AlaskaB. Alaska is nowC. is now AlaskaD. what is now Alaska5 Look at the watch. Don t you see it is _ watch _ Helen lost

15、the other day?A. as the same ; asB. the same ; asC. the same ; whichD.asthe same ; that6 The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,_ is often the case in other countries.A. asB. thatC. soD. it7 _ was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise _ he

16、would give thema rise.A. As; whichB. What; thatC. It; thatD. It; which8 That is the reason _ he gave us for carrying out the plan.A. becauseB. whyC. howD. that9 Was it in the village _ we used to live in _ the accident happened?A. where; thatB. which; thatC. that; whereD. where; which10 The hours _

17、the children spend in their one-way relationship with televisionpeople undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.A. thatB. whenC. in whichD. on which11 Mr. Smith will move into his new house next Sunday, _ it will be completely finished.A. on that timeB. by which timeC. on whichD. by the time12 In the book, Newton is shown as a gifted scientist who stood at the point in history_ magic ended and science began.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which13 The treatment will continue until the patient